Browse AMR Genes
Explore antimicrobial resistance genes from the literature
Explore antimicrobial resistance genes from the literature
aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase
Overview
| Allele | Database | Papers | Drug Classes | Organisms | Countries | Years | Sequence Accession | Protein Accession |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| aac(6') | Reference Gene CatalogReslit | 64 | AMINOGLYCOSIDE, aminoglycosides +6 | Yersinia mollaretii ATCC 43969 +47 | Denmark|Spain|France|Netherlands, Thailand, Brazil, Minnesota, Europe|Asia|North America|South America|Brazil, Russia, Global, Spain, Inner Mongolia|Inner Mongolia, China | 2015, 2016, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2025, 2026 | AALD02000008.1 | EEQ11435.1 |
| AAC(6')-Iaa | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder DatabaseReslit | 79 | TOBRAMYCIN, AMIKACIN +8 | Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium str. LT2 +48 | New York|Washington, Washington state|New York state, Canada, India, Europe, Korea, China, United States, Brazil, Tennessee|United States, Armenia|Georgia, Beijing, China|China, China|UK|United States|Germany|Ireland|France|Mali|Netherlands|Turkey, Henan province, China|Henan, China, Europe|Poland, Thailand, Spain, Sierra Leone, Italy, Shandong Province|Jiangsu Province, Saudi Arabia, Portugal|Spain|Italy|Morocco, Portugal, Japan, Uruguay, Colombia, Lagos, Nigeria|Nigeria, South Africa, Chile, Brazil|Europe|United Kingdom|United States, South Korea, Bangkok, Thailand, Europe|Africa|North America|South America|Asia|Oceania, Iran, California, Hong Kong|mainland China|Australia|Canada|United States of America|South Africa|Taiwan|United Kingdom, Northern Italy, Nigeria, China|Shenzhen, China, Thailand|Lao PDR|Cambodia|Myanmar, Paraíba, northeastern Brazil, Kenya, Sichuan, China | 2003, 2017, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 | AE006468.2 | AAL20537.1 |
| AAC(6')-Iai | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder Database | 3 | TOBRAMYCIN, AMINOGLYCOSIDE +4 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | - | - | EU886977.1 | ACI28880.1 |
| AAC(6')-Ial | Reference Gene Catalog | 1 | AMINOGLYCOSIDE | Serratia marcescens | - | - | AB871481.1 | BAO05514.1 |
| AacA16 | Reference Gene CatalogReslit | 3 | AMINOGLYCOSIDE, aminoglycosides | Acinetobacter baumannii 1656-2 +1 | Nigeria | 2020, 2023 | CP001921.1 | ADX02779.1 |
| AAC(6')-34 | Card DatabaseReslit | 2 | sisomicin | Paenibacillus sp. LC231 +1 | Lechuguilla Cave | 2016 | KX531053.1 | APB03223.1 |
| AAC(6')-I33 | Card Database | 1 | - | Escherichia coli | - | - | JN596280.1 | AEZ05106.1 |
| AAC(6')-Ib10 | Card DatabaseReslit | 8 | amikacin, tobramycin +1 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa +5 | Guangdong, China, Egypt, China, Canada | 2023, 2024, 2025 | U59183.1 | AAC46343.1 |
| AAC(6')-Ib7 | Card DatabaseReslit | 9 | aminoglycosides, amikacin +2 | Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Corvallis +7 | Italy, Guangdong, China, Rhône River, UK, UK|Kuwait, USA | 2020, 2023, 2024, 2025 | KR091911.1 | AKN19287.1 |
| AAC(6')-Ib8 | Card DatabaseReslit | 3 | aminoglycosides, gentamicin | Enterobacter cloacae +2 | Shanghai, China | 2022 | KF998105.1 | AIK02012.1 |
| AAC(6')-Ib9 | Card DatabaseReslit | 10 | aminoglycosides, amikacin +1 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa +3 | Europe|Portugal, Guangdong, China, Egypt, China, Southern California, USA, Europe, USA, Egypt|Tunisia|Middle East|North Africa | 2022, 2023, 2025 | AF043381.1 | AAD02244.1 |
| aac6'-aph2" | Reslit | 1 | gentamicin, tobramycin +1 | Staphylococcus aureus | France|French West Indies | 1999 | - | - |
| AAC(6')-Iy | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogReslit | 14 | tobramycin, netilmicin +4 | Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Enteritidis +8 | India, Australia, Armenia|Georgia, North Carolina, Shanghai, China, Taiwan, Hanoi, Vietnam, Italy, Shanghai|Minhang District | 1999, 2008, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2025 | AF144880|AF144881 | AAF03531.1 |
| aac(6')-aph(2'') | ResFinder DatabaseReslit | 102 | gentamicin, tobramycin +15 | Staphylococcus aureus +39 | Japan, Argentina, Pennsylvania, Korea, New York|Pennsylvania, South East Queensland, Australia|Coomera River, Brazil, Nigeria, Malaysia|Austria|U.S.A., Iran, Egypt, London, UK, Europe, New Zealand, Australia, Guangdong Province, China, Scotland|Australia|England, Denmark, South Korea, Switzerland, Spain|Italy, Europe|Americas|Asia|Oceania, Spain, Sweden, Portugal|Spain|The Netherlands, South Africa, Netherlands, Europe|Netherlands, China, Northern Ghana, Sudan, Africa|Asia|America|Europe|Oceania|global, South-eastern Poland, France, Tunisia, Malaysia, New York, Qinghai province|Tibetan sheep, Argentina|United States, Swiss Canton Tessin|various herds|Switzerland, Poland, Serbia, Algeria, Rio de Janeiro, Paraguay, Slovak Republic, Taiwan, China|UK|Canada|Thailand|Netherlands|USA|Denmark|Spain|other nations, Saudi Arabia, Kenya, Tanzania, Europe|Africa|North America|South America|Asia|Oceania, Europe|Spain|Netherlands, Haikou, China, Xinjiang, China | 1986, 1996, 2001, 2003, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026 | NCBI:NC_002976 | - |
| aac(6')-Iaa | ResFinder Database | 1 | TOBRAMYCIN, AMIKACIN | - | - | 2001 | 3197 | - |
| AAC(6')-Ic | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder DatabaseReslit | 14 | gentamicin, tobramycin +9 | Escherichia coli +5 | Europe, Mexico|United States|China|Europe|Asia, Quebec, Canada, China, Australia|USA|Romania|Austria, Japan|France|United Kingdom|North America|South America|Europe|Asia/Oceania|Africa, New Zealand, Brazil, Boston, USA|Vellore, India | 1992, 2017, 2018, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2025 | PMC191602 | AAA26549.1 |
| aac(6')-Ic | ResFinder Database | 1 | TOBRAMYCIN, AMIKACIN +3 | Serratia marcescens | - | 1992 | M94066 | - |
| AAC(6')-I30 | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder Database | 3 | TOBRAMYCIN, AMINOGLYCOSIDE +4 | Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Agona | - | 2004 | AY289608.1 | AAP43642.1 |
| aac(6')-I30 | ResFinder Database | 1 | TOBRAMYCIN, AMIKACIN +3 | Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Agona | - | 2004 | AY289608 | - |
| AAC(6')-Isa | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder DatabaseReslit | 4 | TOBRAMYCIN, AMIKACIN +2 | Streptomyces noursei | China | 2004, 2024 | AB116646.1 | BAD10948.2 |
| aac(6')-Isa | ResFinder Database | 1 | TOBRAMYCIN, AMIKACIN | Streptomyces noursei | - | 2004 | AB116646 | - |
| AAC(6')-Iae | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder DatabaseReslit | 6 | amikacin, kanamycin +10 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa IMCJ2.S1 +4 | Japan | 2005, 2007, 2022 | AB104852 | BAD14386.1 |
| aac(6')-Iae | ResFinder Database | 1 | TOBRAMYCIN, AMIKACIN +3 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | - | 2005 | AB104852 | - |
| AAC(6')-32 | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder DatabaseReslit | 5 | tobramycin, gentamicin +4 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa +1 | Antarctica | 2007, 2021 | EF614235.1 | ABR10839.1 |
| aac(6')-32 | ResFinder Database | 1 | TOBRAMYCIN | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | - | 2007 | EF614235 | - |
| AAC(6')-Iaf | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogReslit | 4 | amikacin, kanamycin +4 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa +2 | Japan, Denmark | 2009, 2013 | AB462903 | BAH66386.1 |
| aac(6')-Iaf | ResFinder Database | 1 | TOBRAMYCIN, AMIKACIN +3 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | - | 2009 | AB462903 | - |
| AAC(6')-33 | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder Database | 3 | TOBRAMYCIN, AMIKACIN +1 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | - | 2009 | GQ337064.1 | ACT99625.1 |
| aac(6')-33 | ResFinder Database | 1 | TOBRAMYCIN, AMIKACIN | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | - | 2009 | GQ337064 | - |
| aac(6')/aph(2") | Reslit | 7 | gentamicin, amikacin +2 | Staphylococcus aureus +7 | Turkey, Texas, Pakistan, Germany, Singapore, China | 2012, 2014, 2015, 2018, 2021, 2024, 2026 | - | - |
| AAC(6')-Iaj | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder DatabaseReslit | 4 | amikacin, gentamicin +8 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa +1 | Japan | 2013 | AB709942 | BAM46120.1 |
| aac(6')-Iaj | ResFinder Database | 1 | TOBRAMYCIN, AMIKACIN +3 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | - | 2013 | AB709942 | - |
| AacA47 | Reference Gene Catalog | 1 | AMINOGLYCOSIDE | Chamaesiphon minutus PCC 6605 | - | 2013 | CP003601.1 | - |
| aac(6')-Iag | ResFinder DatabaseReslit | 4 | amikacin, kanamycin +9 | Escherichia coli +1 | Japan, Europe | 2013, 2021 | AB472901 | - |
| aac(6')/aph(2'') | Reslit | 3 | gentamicin, amikacin +1 | Staphylococcus epidermidis +4 | Poland | 2013, 2020, 2022 | - | - |
| aac6 | Reslit | 6 | netilmicin, tobramycin +3 | Enterobacter cloacae +5 | France, Greece, Saudi Arabia, Kolkata|Suburban areas | 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2020, 2021 | CP003738|CP003739 | - |
| aac (6) | Reslit | 1 | gentamicin | Pseudomonas fluorescens | - | 2014 | WP_016930608.1|AGH19654.1|AGH19657.1|AAP93842.1|AEN75339.1|AGH19655.1|AGH19650.1|AAP93841.1|AEZ49563.1|BAD16611.1|AAB22638.1|AGN75112.1|ADZ11076.1|YP_005176240.1|WP_000292466.1|WP_0214010241.1|AAA25680.1|WP_010714603.1|AFR11868.1|AFM29914.1|AAL03985.1|WP_004207849.1|WP_017431996.1|WP_019405145.1|AEN02824.1|ADE18896.1|ABG46354.1|AEN02826.1|AAB22638.1|AEZ49551.1|AEZ49563.1|ABG46356.1|YP_005176240.1|WP_000946493.1|AAW59417.1|3Sg8_9|WP_021401024.1|WP_001028140.1|AAX82584.1|WP_002417297.1 | - |
| aac(6')-Ib_SIS_P_2 | Reslit | 1 | sisomicin | Permafrost bacteria | Canadian high Arctic | 2015 | KP097117|KP097118|KP097119|KP097120|KP097121|KP097122|KP097123|KP097124|KP097125|KP097126|KP097127|KP097128|KP097129|KP097130|KP097131|KP097132|KP097133|KP097134|KP097135|KP097136 | - |
| aac(6')-Ib_SIS_AL_2 | Reslit | 1 | sisomicin | Active layer bacteria | Canadian high Arctic | 2015 | KP097117|KP097118|KP097119|KP097120|KP097121|KP097122|KP097123|KP097124|KP097125|KP097126|KP097127|KP097128|KP097129|KP097130|KP097131|KP097132|KP097133|KP097134|KP097135|KP097136 | - |
| aac | Reslit | 13 | aminoglycosides, kanamycin +3 | Acinetobacter baumannii +15 | Los Angeles, China, France, Guangdong, China, Moscow, Russia, Nigeria, Europe|United States, Moldova|global, Asia|China, China|Korea|Japan | 2015, 2019, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 | PRJNA836796 | - |
| aac(6')-lb | Reslit | 8 | aminoglycosides, gentamicin +3 | Klebsiella pneumoniae ST437 +8 | Egypt, India, USA, United States, Singapore, USA|China|Japan|Spain|United Kingdom|Germany|France|South Korea|Netherlands|Viet Nam|Laos|Canada|Czech Republic|Argentina|Brazil|Belgium|Denmark|Iran|Australia|Croatia|Ghana|Mexico|Missing, China | 2016, 2021, 2022, 2024 | LART00000000|LAXC00000000|LART01000000|LAXC01000000 | - |
| aac6-Iy | Reslit | 1 | streptomycin | Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Bardo | United States | 2016 | JQWD00000000 | - |
| aac6-aph2a | Reslit | 2 | gentamicin | Staphylococcus aureus +4 | Spain, International Space Station | 2017, 2019 | NC_005024|U00453|V01278|M29832|M15332|CP000045|L06138|AF051917 | - |
| aac6'-aph2'' | Reslit | 2 | gentamicin, kanamycin +1 | Staphylococcus aureus +1 | Latvia | 2019, 2024 | - | - |
| aac(6')-Iaa_1 | Reslit | 3 | amikacin, gentamicin +2 | Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis +4 | Kuwait, The Gambia, Brazil | 2019, 2022, 2025 | PRJNA363099 | - |
| aac[6]-1aa | Reslit | 1 | gentamicin | Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi | Pakistan|Denmark | 2019 | PRJNA543969 | - |
| AAC-(6′) | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Escherichia coli | - | 2019 | - | - |
| aac/aph | Reslit | 1 | gentamicin | Staphylococcus epidermidis | Mexico City | 2019 | SAMN11086744|SAMN11086745|SAMN11086746|SAMN11086747|SAMN11086748|SAMN11086749|SAMN11086750|SAMN11086751|SAMN11086752|SAMN11086753|SAMN11086754|SAMN11086755|SAMN11086756|SAMN11086757|SAMN11086758|SAMN11086759|SAMN11086760 | - |
| aac(6')/aph(2) | Reslit | 1 | gentamicin | Staphylococcus aureus | India | 2019 | - | - |
| aac6-lb | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Acinetobacter baumannii | - | 2020 | - | - |
| aac(6')-li | Reslit | 4 | gentamicin, netilmicin +2 | Enterococcus faecium UIC2 +1 | Australia, Europe | 2020, 2021, 2023, 2024 | CP014449|KY086510.1|KY086519.1|CP036156|HQ115078 | - |
| aac(6′)-lb | Reslit | 1 | amikacin, gentamicin +2 | E. coli +12 | India | 2020 | - | - |
| aac(6')-la | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Enterococcus durans +1 | South Africa | 2020 | MK086097|MK086099 | - |
| aac(6')-lb3 | Reslit | 2 | aminoglycosides | Enterobacter kobei +3 | Italy, China | 2021, 2024 | CP058224.1|MN783743.2|KF977034.1|CP061512 | - |
| aac(6')-aph(2'' ) | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Staphylococcus epidermidis | Sweden | 2021 | PRJEB32707 | - |
| aac(6ʹ)-le | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | E. faecalis | Pacific region|Hawaii | 2021 | - | - |
| aac[6']-Ib3 | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Leclercia adecarboxylata | Mexico | 2021 | JACXBN000000000|CP060824|NZ_CP013990|NZ_MUFS00000000|NZ_CP035382 | - |
| aac(6')-Ii_1_L12710 | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Enterococcus faecium | Estonia|swine | 2021 | PRJNA630475 | - |
| aac6-aph2 | Reslit | 6 | gentamicin, aminoglycosides | Staphylococcus pseudintermedius +4 | Australia|New Zealand, Asia|Europe|North America|Australia/New Zealand, Italy, Asia|Europe|North America, France | 1998, 2018, 2021, 2022, 2025 | CP002478|SRR11960652|SRR11960732 | - |
| aac (6′)-Ib7 | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Enterobacteriaceae | United States|Virginia | 2021 | - | - |
| aac (6′)-Ib8 | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Enterobacteriaceae | United States|Virginia | 2021 | - | - |
| aac6'-aph(2") | Reslit | 1 | gentamicin | Enterococcus faecalis | Iran | 2021 | - | - |
| aac(6′)-aph(2″) | Reslit | 3 | aminoglycosides, gentamicin +2 | Staphylococcus epidermidis +2 | South Africa, Japan|Denmark|Norway|China|United States|Switzerland|India|Netherlands, USA | 2021, 2023, 2024 | PRJNA667485|CP053472.1|CP031268.1|CP040883.1|LR027874.1|AY355285.1|CP045437.1|LT009690.1|CP048643.1|CP053183.1|CP041633.1|CP040868.1|CP043847.1|CP060794.1|CP024439.1|CP043796.1|CP041269.2|CP054551.1|CP054810.1 | - |
| aac(6')-ly | Reslit | 5 | gentamicin, aminoglycosides | Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis +2 | Malaysia, United States, Vietnam, Brazil | 2021, 2022, 2025 | CP019177.1|CP036165.1|CP036166.1|CP022500.1|CP037917.1|CP019183.1|CP022489.1|CP003278.1|AE006468.2|NC_003197.2|CP014996.1|NC_015761.1|NC_000913.3 | - |
| aac(6')-SL | Reslit | 1 | gentamicin, amikacin | Acinetobacter baumannii | Saudi Arabia | 2021 | MZ820065|MZ820066|MZ820067|MZ820071|MZ820072|MZ820064|MZ820068|MZ820063|MZ820069|MZ820070|MZ820073|MZ820074|MZ751055|MZ751056|MZ751057|MZ751058 | - |
| aac(6')-I1 | Reslit | 2 | aminoglycosides, gentamicin +1 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa +1 | Saudi Arabia, Sichuan, China | 2021, 2024 | PRJNA751257 | - |
| aac(6')-laa | Reslit | 4 | gentamicin, aminoglycosides +2 | Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica +2 | Vietnam, Brazil, India | 2022, 2024 | CP002895|NG_050417.1|NG_055505.1|MF449287|PRJEB44046 | - |
| AAC | Reslit | 2 | gentamicin, kanamycin +3 | Escherichia coli +1 | Pakistan, Calabria|Italy | 2022, 2025 | NCBI BioProject PRJNA123456 | - |
| aac 6-Ib9 | Reslit | 1 | streptomycin | Escherichia coli | Southeast Nigeria | 2022 | PRJEB43719 | - |
| aac 6-Ib_a | Reslit | 1 | streptomycin | Escherichia coli | Southeast Nigeria | 2022 | PRJEB43719 | - |
| aac(6')-lm | Reslit | 1 | gentamicin | Haemophilus influenzae | Norway|Japan|Bangladesh | 2022 | OW727395|OW736085|OW736566|OW737369|NZ_JABAHD010000004|AF274302|U09422|MT489699|MN106411|AP022867.1|AF467992.1|PRJEB52501 | - |
| aaC | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Staphylococcus aureus | Russia | 2022 | PRJNA823522 | - |
| aac(6')-lb7 | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Corynebacterium striatum | Brazil | 2022 | GCA_002865925.1|GCA_002775055.1|GCA_002775105.1 | - |
| aac(6')-lz | Reslit | 2 | aminoglycosides, gentamicin | Stenotrophomonas maltophilia +1 | North America, Australia|South Australia | 2023, 2024 | ON624157|ON624158|JAMOKY000000000|JAMOKZ000000000 | - |
| aac6'-Ic | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Serratia marcescens | China | 2023 | PRJNA841282 | - |
| aac6 aph2 | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Staphylococcus aureus | China | 2023 | - | - |
| aac6′-aph2″ | Reslit | 3 | gentamicin, tobramycin | Staphylococcus aureus +3 | Spain, Bulgaria|cow milk|human breast milk, La Rioja, Spain | 2023, 2024 | CP022247 | - |
| aac(6)-Iaa_1 | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Salmonella enterica | Hanoi, Vietnam | 2023 | SRR16611133|SRR16611134|SRR16611135|SRR16611136|SRR16611137|SRR16611138|SRR16611139|SRR16611140 | - |
| AAC(6′)-APH(2″) | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Staphylococcus aureus | Saudi Arabia | 2023 | NCBI BioProject PRJNA10221271 | - |
| AAC(6)': | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Staphylococcus aureus +6 | Brazil | 2023 | - | - |
| AacA56 | Reference Gene Catalog | 1 | TOBRAMYCIN, KANAMYCIN +1 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | - | 2023 | KM201605.1 | AIT97187.1 |
| aac(6')-aph(3'') | Reslit | 1 | amikacin | Campylobacter coli +1 | central China | 2023 | - | - |
| aac(6')-Va | Reslit | 1 | kanamycin, tobramycin +2 | Aeromonas hydrophila +1 | China | 2023 | OQ685298|CP121100|CP121101 | - |
| aac(6')-llc | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Enterobacter kobei +3 | China | 2024 | MF344565.1|MH399264|CP025964.2|MW150990.1|CP083755|CP033103|CP026369 | - |
| aac(6')-aph(2" | Reslit | 1 | amikacin | Enterococcus faecium +1 | Slovak Republic | 2024 | - | - |
| aac(6')-lld | Reslit | 1 | gentamicin, kanamycin +1 | Aeromonas caviae | Karachi, Pakistan | 2024 | PRJEB15489|PRJEB1611 | - |
| aac(6')-lak | Reslit | 1 | gentamicin | Stenotrophomonas maltophilia | Australia|South Australia | 2024 | NC_011071|AM743169 | - |
| aac(6')-aph(2’’ ) | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Enterococcus faecium +2 | Portugal | 2025 | KT862784|MH746818|CP161870|CP161865|CP161871|CP161866 | - |
| aac(6')-Iaq | Reslit | 1 | netilmicin, sisomicin +4 | Brucella intermedia DW0551 +1 | China | 2025 | CP131474|CP131475|CP131476|OR395485 | - |
| aac(6′)-lb3 | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Acinetobacter baumannii | - | 2025 | - | - |
| aac(6')-lb10 | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Klebsiella pneumoniae +1 | Europe | 2025 | - | - |
| aac6-1b3 | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Enterobacter | USA|China|Spain|Australia|Japan|Switzerland|Netherlands|Brazil|Taiwan|New Hampshire, USA|global | 2025 | PRJNA1168907 | - |
| Aac(6')-lb3 | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Bolivia | 2025 | PRJEB88506 | - |
| aac(6)': | Reslit | 1 | gentamicin | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Europe | 2025 | - | - |
| aac(6')/aph(2') | Reslit | 1 | gentamicin, kanamycin +1 | Staphylococcus aureus | Northeast China | 2025 | - | - |
| AAC (6′) | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Escherichia coli | - | 2025 | - | - |
| aac(6')-In | Reslit | 1 | amikacin, kanamycin +2 | Citrobacter freundii | Venezuela | 1997 | - | - |
| aac(6')-Ib 9 | Reslit | 1 | amikacin, gentamicin | Pseudomonas aeruginosa +1 | - | 1998 | AF043381|AF043558 | - |
| AAC(6'-APH(2" | Reslit | 1 | aminoglycosides | Enterococcus | - | 1999 | - | - |
| aac(6')-Iai | ResFinder Database | 1 | TOBRAMYCIN, AMIKACIN +3 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | - | - | EU886977 | - |
Emergence and spread in French hospitals of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus with increasing susceptibility to gentamicin and other antibiotics.
The study identifies the aac6'-aph2" gene as a key determinant of gentamicin resistance in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and shows that its absence leads to increased susceptibility to gentamicin and other aminoglycosides.
Activation of the cryptic aac(6′)-Iy aminoglycoside resistance gene of Salmonella by a chromosomal deletion generating a transcriptional fusion.
The study identifies the activation of the cryptic aac(6′)-Iy gene in Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Enteritidis BM4362 due to a chromosomal deletion creating a transcriptional fusion, leading to aminoglycoside resistance.
Activation of the cryptic aac(6')-Iy aminoglycoside resistance gene of Salmonella by a chromosomal deletion generating a transcriptional fusion.
Activation of the cryptic aac(6')-Iy aminoglycoside resistance gene of Salmonella by a chromosomal deletion generating a transcriptional fusion.
Identification of Aminoglycoside-Modifying Enzymes by Susceptibility Testing: Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Japan.
The study identified aac(6')-aph(2"), ant(4')-I, and aph(3')-III genes as the primary aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates in Japan, with varying prevalence rates.
Complete genome sequence of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2.
Characterization of the chromosomal aac(6')-Ic gene from Serratia marcescens.
The study characterizes the chromosomal aac(6')-Ic gene from Serratia marcescens, which encodes a 6'-N-acetyltransferase responsible for resistance to gentamicin, tobramycin, and netilmicin.
Characterization of the chromosomal aac(6')-Ic gene from Serratia marcescens.
Characterization of the chromosomal aac(6')-Ic gene from Serratia marcescens.
Characterization of the chromosomal aac(6')-Ic gene from Serratia marcescens.
Characterization of the chromosomal aac(6')-Ic gene from Serratia marcescens.
Six-month multicenter study on invasive infections due to group B streptococci in Argentina.
The study identified several AMR genes in group B streptococci, including aac(6')-aph(2"), mefA, ermTR, tetM, and tetO, which confer resistance to aminoglycosides, macrolides, and tetracyclines. These genes were experimentally validated through PCR and susceptibility testing.
GeneHunter, a transposon tool for identification and isolation of cryptic antibiotic resistance genes.
The study describes the identification of two cryptic antibiotic resistance genes, aac(6')-Iaa and rma, using the GeneHunter transposon tool. These genes were experimentally activated and characterized for their resistance profiles.
Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolate from a patient in Pennsylvania.
The study reports the second VRSA isolate in the United States, which contains the vanA gene responsible for vancomycin resistance and other resistance genes such as mecA, erm(A), and aac(6')-aph(2").
The bacterial insertion sequence element IS256 occurs preferentially in nosocomial Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates: association with biofilm formation and resistance to aminoglycosides.
The study identifies the aac(6')-aph(2'') gene, which confers resistance to gentamicin, and highlights the role of IS256 in the genome of nosocomial Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates, contributing to biofilm formation and aminoglycoside resistance.
Characterization of a Salmonella enterica serovar Agona strain harbouring a class 1 integron containing novel OXA-type beta-lactamase (blaOXA-53) and 6'-N-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase genes [aac(6')-I30].
Characterization of a Salmonella enterica serovar Agona strain harbouring a class 1 integron containing novel OXA-type beta-lactamase (blaOXA-53) and 6'-N-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase genes [aac(6')-I30].
Characterization of a Salmonella enterica serovar Agona strain harbouring a class 1 integron containing novel OXA-type beta-lactamase (blaOXA-53) and 6'-N-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase genes [aac(6')-I30].
Characterization of a Salmonella enterica serovar Agona strain harbouring a class 1 integron containing novel OXA-type beta-lactamase (blaOXA-53) and 6'-N-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase genes [aac(6')-I30].
Overexpression and characterization of an aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase with broad specificity from an epsilon-poly-L-lysine producer, Streptomyces albulus IFO14147.
Overexpression and characterization of an aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase with broad specificity from an epsilon-poly-L-lysine producer, Streptomyces albulus IFO14147.
Overexpression and characterization of an aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase with broad specificity from an epsilon-poly-L-lysine producer, Streptomyces albulus IFO14147.
Overexpression and characterization of an aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase with broad specificity from an epsilon-poly-L-lysine producer, Streptomyces albulus IFO14147.
Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain that caused an outbreak in a neurosurgery ward and its aac(6′)-Iae gene cassette encoding a novel aminoglycoside acetyltransferase.
The study identifies a novel aminoglycoside acetyltransferase gene, aac(6′)-Iae, which confers resistance to multiple aminoglycosides in a multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain.
Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain that caused an outbreak in a neurosurgery ward and its aac(6')-Iae gene cassette encoding a novel aminoglycoside acetyltransferase.
Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain that caused an outbreak in a neurosurgery ward and its aac(6')-Iae gene cassette encoding a novel aminoglycoside acetyltransferase.
Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain that caused an outbreak in a neurosurgery ward and its aac(6')-Iae gene cassette encoding a novel aminoglycoside acetyltransferase.
Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain that caused an outbreak in a neurosurgery ward and its aac(6')-Iae gene cassette encoding a novel aminoglycoside acetyltransferase.
Pheromone-responsive conjugative vancomycin resistance plasmids in Enterococcus faecalis isolates from humans and chicken feces.
The study identifies vancomycin resistance plasmids pSL1 and pSL2 in Enterococcus faecalis isolates from humans and chicken feces, which carry multiple resistance genes including vanA, ermB, aph(3')-IIIa, ant(6')-Ia, and aac(6')-aph(2').
High-level vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with a polymicrobial biofilm.
The study identifies vanA, tet(S), and tet(U) as key genes contributing to vancomycin and tetracycline resistance in VRSA isolates, highlighting the role of plasmid-mediated gene transfer in the emergence of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
Outbreaks of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in community hospitals in Japan.
The study identified the aac(6')-Iae gene as a key marker for multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, along with mutations in gyrA and parC contributing to fluoroquinolone resistance.
Molecular epidemiology and mechanisms of carbapenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Spanish hospitals.
Molecular epidemiology and mechanisms of carbapenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Spanish hospitals.
Molecular epidemiology and mechanisms of carbapenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Spanish hospitals.
Molecular epidemiology and mechanisms of carbapenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Spanish hospitals.
Molecular epidemiology and mechanisms of carbapenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Spanish hospitals.
Kinetic and structural analysis of bisubstrate inhibition of the Salmonella enterica aminoglycoside 6′-N-acetyltransferase.
The study characterizes the aac(6')-Iy gene encoding an aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase in Salmonella enterica, which confers resistance to aminoglycosides through covalent modification by acetylation.
In vitro antibacterial activity of vertilmicin and its susceptibility to modifications by the recombinant AAC(6′)-APH(2″) enzyme.
The study characterizes the recombinant AAC(6′)-APH(2″) enzyme, which modifies aminoglycosides, and evaluates the susceptibility of vertilmicin to this enzyme, demonstrating its effectiveness against aminoglycoside-resistant bacteria.
AAC(6′)-Iaf, a novel aminoglycoside 6′-N-acetyltransferase from multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates.
The study identifies a novel aminoglycoside resistance gene, aac(6′)-Iaf, in multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates. This gene encodes a functional aminoglycoside 6′-N-acetyltransferase that confers resistance to amikacin, dibekacin, and kanamycin.
AAC(6')-Iaf, a novel aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase from multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates.
AAC(6')-Iaf, a novel aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase from multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates.
AAC(6')-Iaf, a novel aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase from multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates.
Nosocomial spread of colistin-only-sensitive sequence type 235 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates producing the extended-spectrum beta-lactamases GES-1 and GES-5 in Spain.
Nosocomial spread of colistin-only-sensitive sequence type 235 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates producing the extended-spectrum beta-lactamases GES-1 and GES-5 in Spain.
Nosocomial spread of colistin-only-sensitive sequence type 235 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates producing the extended-spectrum beta-lactamases GES-1 and GES-5 in Spain.
Nosocomial spread of colistin-only-sensitive sequence type 235 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates producing the extended-spectrum beta-lactamases GES-1 and GES-5 in Spain.
VITEK 2 and PHOENIX fail to detect high-level gentamicin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates with aac-aph gene
The study highlights the failure of VITEK 2 and PHOENIX systems to detect high-level gentamicin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates carrying the aac(6')-aph(2'') gene.
SNP diversity of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium in a South East Queensland waterway, Australia, and associated antibiotic resistance gene profiles.
The study identified aac(6')-aph(2') as a gene conferring gentamicin resistance in Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium, tet(M) as a determinant of tetracycline resistance, and mutations in gyrA and pbp5 genes associated with ciprofloxacin and ampicillin resistance, respectively.
Antibiotic resistance genes & susceptibility patterns in staphylococci.
The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in staphylococcal isolates, including mecA for methicillin resistance, aac(6')/aph(2"), aph(3')-IIIa, and ant(4')-Ia for gentamicin resistance, ermA, ermB, ermC, and msrA for erythromycin resistance, tetK and tetM for tetracycline resistance, and blaZ for penicillin resistance.
novel 6'-n-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase AAC(6')-Iaj from a clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
The study identifies a novel aminoglycoside 6′-N-acetyltransferase, AAC(6′)-Iaj, which confers resistance to multiple aminoglycosides including amikacin, arbekacin, gentamicin, netilmicin, and tobramycin in Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCGM1588.
novel 6'-n-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase AAC(6')-Iaj from a clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
novel 6'-n-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase AAC(6')-Iaj from a clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
novel 6'-n-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase AAC(6')-Iaj from a clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
novel 6'-n-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase AAC(6')-Iaj from a clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Improving the coverage of the cyanobacterial phylum using diversity-driven genome sequencing.
Comparative genomic analysis of rapid evolution of an extreme-drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clone.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes and mutations in the EDR A. baumannii 53264 strain, including aac(6')-Iaf, aac(3)-Ia, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3')-Ic, strA/aph(3'')-Ib, blaOXA-23, blaTEM-1, sul1, sul3, and tet(B). Additionally, mutations in ampC, gyrB, parC, and qseC contribute to resistance against various antibiotics.
Enterococcus faecium biofilm formation: identification of major autolysin AtlAEfm, associated Acm surface localization, and AtlAEfm-independent extracellular DNA Release.
The study identifies and characterizes the major autolysin AtlA Efm in Enterococcus faecium, demonstrating its role in biofilm formation, cell separation, and eDNA release.
Identification and characterization of a novel aac(6')-Iag associated with the blaIMP-1-integron in a multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
The study identifies a novel aac(6')-Iag gene encoding a 6'-N-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase that confers resistance to several aminoglycosides in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Identification and characterization of a novel aac(6')-Iag associated with the blaIMP-1-integron in a multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
The study identifies a novel aac(6')-Iag gene encoding a 6'-N-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase that confers resistance to several aminoglycosides in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Identification and characterization of a novel aac(6')-Iag associated with the blaIMP-1-integron in a multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Emergence of Staphylococcus aureus carrying multiple drug resistance genes on a plasmid encoding exfoliative toxin B.
The study identifies the presence of multiple drug resistance genes on a plasmid encoding exfoliative toxin B in Staphylococcus aureus, including aac(6')-aph(2"), msrA, and blaZ, which confer resistance to gentamicin, kanamycin, tobramycin, erythromycin, and penicillin.
Prevalence of antibiotic resistance in multi-drug resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from invasive infection in very low birth weight neonates in two Polish NICUs.
The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes in coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) isolated from very low birth weight neonates, including mecA, ermC, msrA, aac(6')/aph(2''), and aph(3')-IIIa, which conferred resistance to methicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin, gentamicin, and amikacin.
Antibiotic resistance determinants in a Pseudomonas putida strain isolated from a hospital.
The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes in Pseudomonas putida HB3267, including aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, beta-lactamases, and sulfonamide resistance genes, contributing to its multidrug resistance profile.
Transferable vancomycin resistance in a community-associated MRSA lineage.
The study reports the emergence of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) in a community-associated MRSA lineage, highlighting the transfer of the vanA gene cluster via a novel plasmid, pBRZ01, which also carries aac(6')-aph(2"), conferring resistance to vancomycin and gentamicin, respectively.
Diversity of antibiotic resistance genes and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec elements in faecal isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci from Nigeria.
The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes, including aac(6')-aph(2"), ermC, msrA, tetK, tetM, and mecA, in faecal isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci from Nigeria. These genes were associated with resistance to gentamicin, erythromycin, and tetracycline, as well as methicillin resistance.
Characterization of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci in milk from cows with mastitis in Brazil.
The study identified methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) in milk from cows with mastitis in Brazil, highlighting the presence of various antimicrobial resistance genes including mecA, tet(K), str, ant(4')-I, aac(6')-aph(2"), lnu(B), lsa(E), and a modified erm(C) gene with an 89-bp deletion.
Amikacin Resistance in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Isolated from Dogs.
The study identified aac(6')/aph(2"), aph(3')-IIIa, and ant(4')-Ia as the primary amikacin resistance genes in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from dogs.
Identification of aminoglycoside and β-lactam resistance genes from within an infant gut functional metagenomic library.
The study identified various aminoglycoside and β-lactam resistance genes in the infant gut microbiome, highlighting the presence of a diverse resistance reservoir even in the absence of antibiotic selective pressure.
Whole-genome sequence of Chryseobacterium oranimense, a colistin-resistant bacterium isolated from a cystic fibrosis patient in France.
The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in Chryseobacterium oranimense G311, a colistin-resistant bacterium isolated from a cystic fibrosis patient. These include various beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, tetracycline resistance genes, MLS resistance genes, phenicol resistance genes, glycopeptide resistance genes, fluoroquinolone resistance genes, sulfonamide resistance genes, rifampin resistance genes, and multidrug efflux pumps. Additionally, mutations in pmrA, pmrB, and lpxA were found to contribute to colistin resistance.
Functional characterization of bacteria isolated from ancient arctic soil exposes diverse resistance mechanisms to modern antibiotics.
The study identified eight unique resistance genes from ancient permafrost bacteria and ten from the active layer, showing resistance to aminoglycosides, β-lactams, and tetracyclines. Some genes conferred resistance to semi-synthetic antibiotics like amikacin.
Functional characterization of bacteria isolated from ancient arctic soil exposes diverse resistance mechanisms to modern antibiotics.
The study identified eight unique resistance genes from ancient permafrost bacteria and ten from the active layer, showing resistance to aminoglycosides, β-lactams, and tetracyclines. Some genes conferred resistance to semi-synthetic antibiotics like amikacin.
Comparative genome analyses of Serratia marcescens FS14 reveals its high antagonistic potential.
Detection of antibiotic resistance in probiotics of dietary supplements.
The study detected antibiotic resistance in probiotic bacteria from dietary supplements, including resistance to streptomycin, gentamycin, aztreonam, and ciprofloxacin. Intrinsic resistance genes such as aac(6')-aph(2"), ant(6), aph(3')-IIIa, and blaZ were identified as potential contributors to the observed resistance profiles.
Methicillin-Susceptible, Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Brazil.
The study reports the first case of a methicillin-susceptible, vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VR-MSSA) isolate in Brazil, which acquired the vanA-containing plasmid pBRZ01, leading to high-level vancomycin resistance. The plasmid also carried aac(6')-aph(2'') for gentamicin resistance.
Molecular epidemiology and characterization of multiple drug-resistant (MDR) clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii.
The study identified multiple drug-resistant (MDR) clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii, highlighting the presence of various beta-lactamase genes such as bla OXA-23, bla OXA-51-like, and GES, as well as aac and PER genes, contributing to resistance against carbapenems, beta-lactams, and aminoglycosides.
Molecular detection of antimicrobial resistance in local isolates of Staphylococcus epidermidis from urinary tract infections in Faisalabad region of Pakistan.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates from urinary tract infections in Pakistan, including tetM, tetK, aac(6')/aph(2"), aacA-aphD, ermA, blaZ, mecA, MeccA, and blaTEM-1, indicating widespread multidrug resistance.
Complete Genome Sequence of Serratia marcescens SmUNAM836, a Nonpigmented Multidrug-Resistant Strain Isolated from a Mexican Patient with Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
Genome Sequence of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Strain SmAs1, Isolated From the Asian Malaria Mosquito Anopheles stephensi.
Increasing Prevalence of Aminoglycoside-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis Isolates Due to the aac(6')-aph(2") Gene: A Therapeutic Problem in Kermanshah, Iran.
The study identifies the aac(6')-aph(2") gene as a major contributor to aminoglycoside resistance in Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium isolates from Kermanshah, Iran, with 67.2% of E. faecalis and 32.8% of E. faecium isolates carrying this gene.
SSTAR, a Stand-Alone Easy-To-Use Antimicrobial Resistance Gene Predictor.
The study presents SSTAR, a software tool for identifying antimicrobial resistance (AR) genes from whole-genome sequencing data. It detects known AR genes and potential new variants, including truncated forms. The tool was applied to analyze resistance genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae ST437 and Escherichia coli ST44, revealing various beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside resistance genes, and porin mutations contributing to resistance.
Streaming algorithms for identification of pathogens and antibiotic resistance potential from real-time MinION(TM) sequencing.
The study presents a real-time analysis framework for MinION sequencing data, demonstrating the ability to identify pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes within a few hours of sequencing. Key resistance genes identified include blaSHV, mphA, strA, strB, blaTEM, sul2, blaOXA, aac3, aac6, blaCMY, blaCFE, blaLAT, blaBIL, QnrB, aadA, oqxA, tetA, oqxB, rmtC, sul1, sul3, fosA, blaNDM, oqxA, blaSHV, oqxB, aadB, sul1, sul3, blaOXA, blaOKP, fosA, blaSHV, blaOKP, blaLEN, oqxA, and oqxB.
Draft Genome Sequence of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Bardo Strain CRJJGF_00099 (Phylum Gammaproteobacteria).
The study reports the identification of several AMR genes in a multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Bardo strain, including strA, strB, cmy-94, floR, sulII, tet(A), and aac6-Iy.
A diverse intrinsic antibiotic resistome from a cave bacterium.
The study identifies 18 chromosomal resistance elements in Paenibacillus sp. LC231, including five novel determinants and three mechanisms not previously linked to antibiotic resistance. Key genes include bahA, cpaA, mphI, llmA, rph, vatI, vgbC, and catU, which confer resistance to various antibiotics through enzymatic inactivation.
The occurrence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli carrying aminoglycoside resistance genes in urinary tract infections in Saudi Arabia.
The study identified ESBL-producing E. coli isolates carrying bla CTX-M1, bla CTX-M15, bla OXA1, and bla TEM genes, along with aminoglycoside resistance genes such as aac6, aac6Ib, aadA4, and strB.
Characterization of Multi-Drug Resistant Enterococcus faecalis Isolated from Cephalic Recording Chambers in Research Macaques (Macaca spp.).
The study identified various AMR genes and mutations in Enterococcus faecalis isolates from macaque cephalic implants, highlighting the presence of high-level aminoglycoside resistance, tetracycline resistance, and bacitracin resistance. These findings emphasize the complexity of AMR in clinical settings and the need for targeted antimicrobial strategies.
Draft Genome Sequences of Pandrug-Resistant Serratia marcescens Clinical Isolates Harboring blaNDM-1.
The study reports the draft genome sequences of two pandrug-resistant Serratia marcescens clinical isolates carrying multiple antibiotic resistance genes, including blaNDM-1, blaSHV-12, blaTEM-1B, blaCMY-6, sul1, sul2, rmtC, aacA4, aac(6')Ib-c, strA, strB, dfrA18, qnrA1, catA2, aac(6')-Ic, tet(41), and ampC.
Whole-Genome Sequencing of Drug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Isolates from Dairy Cattle and Humans in New York and Washington States Reveals Source and Geographic Associations.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella enterica isolates from dairy cattle and humans in New York and Washington States, highlighting the role of geographic and source-specific factors in AMR dissemination.
Biofilm-Forming Clinical Staphylococcus Isolates Harbor Horizontal Transfer and Antibiotic Resistance Genes.
The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes, including aac6-aph2a, ermC, tetK, and vanB, along with horizontal transfer genes such as pre pSK41, nes pSK41, traE, traG, traK, traL, traM, and pre pT181, in biofilm-forming Staphylococcus isolates.
Polymerase chain reaction detection of genes responsible for multiple antibiotic resistance Staphylococcus aureus isolated from food of animal origin in Egypt.
The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in multiple drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from food of animal origin in Egypt, including blaZ, tetK, ermB, msrA, ermC, and aac(6')-aph(2").
Kanamycin and its derivative, arbekacin: significance and impact.
The paper discusses the significance of kanamycin (KM) and its derivative, arbekacin (ABK), highlighting their roles in combating antibiotic resistance, particularly in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). It describes the mechanisms of resistance to aminoglycosides, including the role of genes such as aac(6')/aph(2"), aad(6), aac(3), and aac(2').
Whole Genome Sequence and Comparative Genomics Analysis of Multi-drug Resistant Environmental Staphylococcus epidermidis ST59.
The study identifies several antibiotic resistance genes in the multidrug-resistant S. epidermidis strain G6_2, including aac(6')-aph(2"), blaZ, mecA, fosB, mphC, msrA, tetK, and qacC, which confer resistance to various antibiotics. Additionally, point mutations in ileS and fusA are associated with resistance to mupirocin and fusidic acid.
The Genomic Basis of Intrinsic and Acquired Antibiotic Resistance in the Genus Serratia.
The study identified 123 distinct antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the genus Serratia, including intrinsic and acquired resistance genes, as well as efflux pump-related genes. Key findings include the detection of various beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside resistance genes, quinolone resistance genes, and efflux pumps. Notably, the study highlights the presence of plasmid-borne ARGs in nosocomial strains and the role of efflux pumps in multidrug resistance.
Serratia marcescens Outbreak in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: New Insights from Next-Generation Sequencing Applications.
The study identified four chromosomal genes associated with antibiotic resistance in Serratia marcescens isolates, including AAC(6′)-Ic, CRP, E. coli CpxR, and SRT-2, which conferred resistance to aminoglycosides and β-lactams.
Multicenter assessment of the rapid Unyvero Blood Culture molecular assay.
The Unyvero BCU Application effectively detects multiple antibiotic resistance genes, including mecA, aac(6')-aph(2''), ermA, blaCTX-M, and vanB, demonstrating high sensitivity and specificity in identifying resistant pathogens in blood cultures.
Genomic Analysis of Multiresistant Staphylococcus capitis Associated with Neonatal Sepsis.
The study identifies several AMR genes in multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus capitis isolates associated with neonatal sepsis, including blaZ, fusB, aadD, qacA, and aac(6')-aph(2'). These genes confer resistance to amoxicillin, fusidic acid, aminoglycosides, chlorhexidine, and gentamicin, respectively.
Nucleotide sequence analysis of the gene specifying the bifunctional 6'-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase 2"-aminoglycoside phosphotransferase enzyme in Streptococcus faecalis and identification and cloning of gene regions specifying the two activities.
A fast and agnostic method for bacterial genome-wide association studies: Bridging the gap between k-mers and genetic events.
The study introduces DBGWAS, a method for identifying genetic variants associated with antibiotic resistance in bacterial genomes. It successfully identifies known resistance determinants such as mutations in gyrA and parC for fluoroquinolone resistance, and genes like mecA for beta-lactam resistance. Additionally, it discovers novel variants linked to resistance mechanisms.
Prediction of the intestinal resistome by a three-dimensional structure-based method.
The study predicts 6,095 antibiotic resistance determinants (ARDs) in the human intestinal microbiota using a three-dimensional structure-based method called pairwise comparative modelling (PCM). Experimental validation of 71 predicted ARDs showed that they conferred resistance to various antibiotics, including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, macrolides, quinolones, sulfonamides, trimethoprim, fosfomycin, and glycopeptides.
Synthesis, antimicrobial activity, attenuation of aminoglycoside resistance in MRSA, and ribosomal A-site binding of pyrene-neomycin conjugates.
The study characterizes the aac6'-aph2'' and ant4' genes, which confer resistance to gentamicin in MRSA strains. These genes were experimentally validated in the study.
Remodeling of pSK1 Family Plasmids and Enhanced Chlorhexidine Tolerance in a Dominant Hospital Lineage of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
The study identifies several AMR genes, including aac(6')-aph(2"), aadD, aph(3')-IIIa, dfrA, dfrG, qacA, and qacC, associated with resistance to gentamicin, trimethoprim, and chlorhexidine in ST239 MRSA. The pSK1-like plasmids were found to contribute to enhanced resistance and tolerance through the acquisition of these genes.
Identifying the mechanism underlying treatment failure for Salmonella Paratyphi A infection using next-generation sequencing - a case report.
Antimicrobial resistance, virulence genes profiling and molecular relatedness of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from hospitalized patients in Guangdong Province, China.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in MRSA isolates from Guangdong, China, including aac(6')-aph(2"), ermA, ermB, ermC, lnuA, dfrG, rpoB, fexA, and mutations in gyrA, gyrB, grlA, and grlB associated with resistance to various antibiotics.
Biofilm Forming Antibiotic Resistant Gram-Positive Pathogens Isolated From Surfaces on the International Space Station.
The study identified several AMR genes including ermC, tetK, aac6-aph2a, aph(2)-ic, aadD, aph3-III, and ermB in Gram-positive pathogens isolated from the International Space Station. These genes conferred resistance to erythromycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, kanamycin, and other antibiotics.
Non-typhoidal Salmonella blood stream infection in Kuwait: Clinical and microbiological characteristics.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from Kuwait, including aac(6')-Iaa_1, aph(3'')-Ib_5, aph(3')-Ia_1, aph(6)-Id_1, blaCARB-2_1, blaTEM-1B_1, dfrA5_1, floR_2, sul2_2, tet(A)_6, tet(G)_2, and mutations in the gyrA gene. These genes and mutations were associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, and fluoroquinolones.
Ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi in a pregnant traveller returning from Karachi, Pakistan to Denmark, 2019.
The study reports a ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella Typhi isolate carrying multiple resistance genes, including blaCTX-M-15, blaTEM-1B, qnrS1, sul1, sul2, dfrA7, aph[3]-1b, aph[6]-1d, aac[6]-1aa, and catA1. Additionally, a fluoroquinolone resistance mutation (gyrA S83F) was identified.
Emergence of an Australian-like pstS-null vancomycin resistant Enterococcus faecium clone in Scotland.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes in Scottish vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VREfm) isolates, including aac(6')-Ii, aac(6')-aph(2''), ermB, pbp5-R, vanA, ant(9)-Ia, tetL, and dfrG. These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics, highlighting the multidrug-resistant nature of the isolates.
Serotype-specific evolutionary patterns of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella enterica.
The study identifies several AMR genes, including aadB, cmlA, blaCARB, sulI, aadA, tetRG, tetG, strB, sulII, strA, tetA, tetR, and blaCMY, which are significantly over- or under-represented in different Salmonella serotypes.
Synthesis of Ring II/III Fragment of Kanamycin: A New Minimum Structural Motif for Aminoglycoside Recognition.
The study characterizes the resistance mechanisms of aminoglycosides, focusing on the interactions between the synthesized compound 7 and aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes such as AAC-(6′), APH-(3′), and ANT-(4′).
Antimicrobial Resistance Prediction for Gram-Negative Bacteria via Game Theory-Based Feature Evaluation.
The study presents a machine learning approach using game theory to evaluate protein features for predicting antimicrobial resistance in Gram-negative bacteria, achieving high accuracy for aac, bla, and dfr genes.
International travel as source of a hospital outbreak with an unusual meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clonal complex 398, Denmark, 2016.
The study identifies the PVL-positive human variant of MRSA CC398 as the cause of an outbreak in a Danish maternity unit, highlighting the role of international travelers in introducing such strains into healthcare settings.
Novel spa and Multi-Locus Sequence Types (MLST) of Staphylococcus Aureus Samples Isolated from Clinical Specimens in Korean.
The study identified novel spa types and MLST types in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates, along with antibiotic resistance genes such as mecA, TEM, aac(6')-aph(2"), ermA, and tetM, indicating multidrug resistance.
Genomic diversity of prevalent Staphylococcus epidermidis multidrug-resistant strains isolated from a Children's Hospital in México City in an eight-years survey.
The study identifies various AMR genes and mutations in multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis strains isolated from a children's hospital in Mexico City, highlighting the presence of genes such as blaZ, mecA, and others, as well as mutations in gyrA and rpoB contributing to resistance.
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains in Swiss Pigs and Their Relation to Isolates from Farmers and Veterinarians.
The study identifies several AMR genes in MRSA strains from Swiss pigs, including aac(6')-aph(2"), dfrG, erm(A), erm(C), spc, str, tet(K), tet(M), and vga(E). These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics such as gentamicin, kanamycin, tobramycin, trimethoprim, erythromycin, clindamycin, lincomycin, streptogramin B, streptomycin, tetracycline, streptogramin A, pleuromutilin, and lincomycin.
Antibiotic Susceptibility, Virulence Pattern, and Typing of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated From Variety of Infections in India.
The study identified various AMR genes in S. aureus isolates, including mecA, pvl, czrC, qacA/B, aac(6')/aph(2), aph(3'-III), msrA, ermA, ermC, mphC, tetK, tetL, tetM, cat::pC221, cat::pC223, cat::pC194, dfrA, dfrB, and dfrG, which confer resistance to multiple antibiotics such as oxacillin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, and trimethoprim.
VAMPr: VAriant Mapping and Prediction of antibiotic resistance via explainable features and machine learning.
VAMPr identifies AMR genes and variants through association and prediction models, confirming known resistance mechanisms like blaKPC and oprD, and detecting novel variants.
Complete genome sequence of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus schleiferi strain from canine otitis externa in Korea.
The study reports the complete genome sequence of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus schleiferi strain (SS4) from a dog with otitis externa in Korea, identifying antimicrobial resistance genes such as mecA, aac(6')-aph(2''), ant(4')-Ib, and blaZ.
In Vitro Pharmacodynamic Analyses Help Guide the Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Enterococcus faecium and Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacter cloacae Bacteremia in a Liver Transplant Patient.
The study identifies various AMR genes and mutations in Enterococcus faecium and Enterobacter hormaechei isolates from a liver transplant patient, highlighting their roles in resistance to multiple antibiotics.
Molecular characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clinical strains from the endotracheal tubes of patients with nosocomial pneumonia.
The study identified various AMR genes and mutations in MRSA strains from endotracheal tubes, including ermC, ermA, msrA, aac(6')-aph(2"), tetK, and fusB, along with quinolone resistance mutations in gyrA, gyrB, grlA, and grlB.
Machine learning with random subspace ensembles identifies antimicrobial resistance determinants from pan-genomes of three pathogens.
The study identifies known and novel antimicrobial resistance genes using a machine learning approach on pan-genomes of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. Key findings include the detection of resistance genes such as gyrA, parC, ermC, lmrS, aac(6')-aph(2"), dfrG, tetK, and various beta-lactamases.
Emerging colistin resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Newport isolates from human infections
Unusual accumulation of a wide array of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in a patient with cytomegalovirus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: a case report.
Molecular Analysis of Selected Resistance Determinants in Diarrheal Fecal Samples Collected From Kolkata, India Reveals an Abundance of Resistance Genes and the Potential Role of the Microbiota in Its Dissemination.
The study identified a wide array of antimicrobial resistance genes in diarrheal fecal samples from Kolkata, including genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, macrolides, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, and mobile genetic elements. High prevalence of mphA, mefA, strAB, aadA1, aad2, aac(3), aac(6')-Ib-cr, and tetA genes was observed.
Value of multiplex PCR for detection of antimicrobial resistance in samples retrieved from patients with orthopaedic infections.
The study evaluated the performance of multiplex PCR (mPCR) for detecting antimicrobial resistance genes in clinical samples from patients with orthopaedic infections. It identified several resistance genes, including mecA, mecC, aac(6')/aph(2''), ermA, ermC, rpoB, vanA, vanB, ctx-M, blaNDM, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24, blaOXA-48, blaOXA-58, blaIMP, blaKPC, gyrA83, gyrA87, and aacA4, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as oxacillin, aminoglycosides, macrolides/lincosamides, rifampin, vancomycin, third-generation cephalosporins, carbapenems, and fluoroquinolones.
Systematic Evaluation of Whole Genome Sequence-Based Predictions of Salmonella Serotype and Antimicrobial Resistance.
The study evaluated the performance of various bioinformatics tools for predicting antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and serotypes of Salmonella enterica using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). It identified several AMR genes and mutations associated with resistance to various antibiotics.
Niche specialization and spread of Staphylococcus capitis involved in neonatal sepsis.
The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations in Staphylococcus capitis NRCS-A, including mecA, aac(6')-aph(2''), and grlA-gyrA, which contribute to multidrug resistance and are associated with the success of the clone in neonatal intensive care units.
Genomic profiling of antimicrobial resistance genes in clinical isolates of Salmonella Typhi from patients infected with Typhoid fever in India.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella Typhi isolates, including beta-lactamases (blaTEM-1B, blaTEM-116), chloramphenicol resistance gene (catA1), trimethoprim resistance genes (dfrA7, dfrA15), sulfamethoxazole resistance genes (sul1, sul2), and fluoroquinolone resistance mutations in gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE genes.
Genomic profiling of antimicrobial resistance genes in clinical isolates of Salmonella Typhi from patients infected with Typhoid fever in India.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella Typhi isolates, including beta-lactamases (blaTEM-1B, blaTEM-116), chloramphenicol resistance gene (catA1), trimethoprim resistance genes (dfrA7, dfrA15), sulfamethoxazole resistance genes (sul1, sul2), and fluoroquinolone resistance mutations in gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE genes.
First detection of autochthonous extensively drug-resistant NDM-1 Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST235 from a patient with bloodstream infection in Italy, October 2019.
The study reports the first autochthonous extensively drug-resistant NDM-1 Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST235 strain in Italy, highlighting the presence of multiple beta-lactamase genes, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, and multidrug efflux pumps contributing to its extensive drug resistance.
Simultaneous Nasal Carriage by Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus of Lineage ST398 in a Live Pig Transporter.
The study characterizes two S. aureus ST398 strains, one methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and one methicillin-susceptible (MSSA), isolated from a pig transporter. The MRSA strain harbors the mecA gene, while the MSSA strain lacks it due to a large deletion. Both strains exhibit resistance to several antibiotics including tetracycline, lincosamides, aminoglycosides, and trimethoprim.
Complete genome sequence of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus lugdunensis strain and characteristics of its staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec.
The study identified three antibiotic resistance genes in the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus lugdunensis strain JICS135: mecA, blaZ, and aac(6')-aph(2''). These genes confer resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, penicillins, cephalosporins, and aminoglycosides.
AcGI1, a novel genomic island carrying antibiotic resistance integron In687 in multidrug resistant Achromobacter xylosoxidans in a teaching hospital in Thailand.
The study identifies a novel genomic island, AcGI1, carrying the carbapenem resistance gene blaIMP-14a and other resistance genes in multidrug-resistant Achromobacter xylosoxidans strains from Thailand.
Spectrum of Aminoglycoside Modifying Enzymes in Gram-Negative Bacteria Causing Human Infections.
The study identifies various aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (AMEs) in gram-negative bacteria causing human infections, including aac(6′)-lb, aac(3′)-I, aph(3′)-VI, aac(3′)-II, ant(2′)-I, ant(4′)-IIb, aph(2′)-Ib, aph(2′)-Ic, aph(2′)-Id, aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2′)-Ia, and aph(3′)-IIIa. These AMEs confer resistance to multiple aminoglycosides such as amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, and netilmicin.
Development of an NGS-Based Workflow for Improved Monitoring of Circulating Plasmids in Support of Risk Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance Gene Dissemination.
The study developed an optimized NGS-based workflow for plasmid reconstruction, enabling the identification of AMR genes such as mcr-1.1, blaTEM-1B, and others, which are critical for understanding the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance.
Emergence of Transferable mcr-9 Gene-Carrying Colistin-Resistant Salmonella enterica Dessau ST14 Isolated from Retail Chicken Meat in Korea.
The study identified the mcr-9 gene in a colistin-resistant Salmonella enterica Dessau ST14 strain isolated from retail chicken meat in Korea, demonstrating its transferability to Escherichia coli. Additionally, the strain carried other resistance genes including aac(6')-Iaa, blaTEM-1B, and qnrS1.
Characterization of Multidrug Resistance Patterns of Emerging Salmonella enterica Serovar Rissen along the Food Chain in China.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in Salmonella enterica serovar Rissen isolates, including tet(A), blaTEM-1B, aadA2, aadA1, aac(6')-Iaa, aph(3")-lld, sul3, and dfrA12, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as tetracycline, ampicillin, streptomycin, sulfisoxazole, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
A Multidrug-resistant Monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium Co-harboring mcr-1, fosA3, bla (CTX-M-14) in a Transferable IncHI2 Plasmid from a Healthy Catering Worker in China.
Class 1 integron-borne cassettes harboring blaCARB-2 gene in multidrug-resistant and virulent Salmonella Typhimurium ST19 strains recovered from clinical human stool samples, United States.
The study identifies the presence of the blaCARB-2 gene along with other resistance genes such as aac(6')-Iaa, aadA2b, sul1, tetG, floR, and qacEΔ1 in multidrug-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium ST19 strains.
Genomic Characterization of Salmonella Minnesota Clonal Lineages Associated with Poultry Production in Brazil.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes, including aac(6')-Iaa, mdf(A), sul2, tet(A), blaCMY-2, aph(3')-Ia_1, qnrB19, and ant(3'')-Ia, in Salmonella Minnesota isolates from Brazilian poultry farms, indicating widespread resistance to various antibiotics.
Complete Genomic Analysis of VRE From a Cattle Feedlot: Focus on 2 Antibiotic Resistance.
The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes in vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) isolates from a cattle feedlot, including vanC1, vanC2/C3, vanXY-C, VanR, macA, macB, rlmA (II), erm(A), aac(6')-la, blaEC, tet(A), tet(L), S10p, gyrA, gyrB, msbA, S12p, rpoB, mdfA/cmr, liaF, liaR, liaS, bcrC, mprF, pgsA, ef-G, ef-TU, ddl, alr, kasA, isotRNA, inhA, fabl, murA, folA, and Dfr, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as vancomycin, macrolides, aminoglycosides, β-lactams, tetracyclines, quinolones, and others.
Whole-Genome Sequence Analysis of an Extensively Drug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Agona Isolate from an Australian Silver Gull (Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae) Reveals the Acquisition of Multidrug Resistance Plasmids.
The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in a multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Agona isolate from a silver gull, including bla CTX-M-55, dfrA14, sul3, qnrS1, tet(A), bla TEM-1, and others, indicating the acquisition of multidrug resistance plasmids.
Genomic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Salmonella enterica serovar Javiana.
The study identified several AMR genes in Salmonella enterica serovar Javiana isolates, including aac(6')-Iaa, aph(3')-Ia, sul3, and qnrB19, which confer resistance to aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, and fluoroquinolones.
A Biological Inventory of Prophages in A. baumannii Genomes Reveal Distinct Distributions in Classes, Length, and Genomic Positions.
The study identifies several antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes encoded in prophages within Acinetobacter baumannii genomes, including blaOXA-23, blaNDM-1, blaADC-5, blaOXA-67, blaOXA-115, blaTEM-12, aac(3)-I, aac(3)-Id, aacA16, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3')-VI, aph(6)-Id, aph(3'')-Ib, msr(E), mph(E), and sul2. These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics such as carbapenems, penicillins, cephalosporins, monobactams, aminoglycosides, macrolides, and sulfonamides.
Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases in Human Isolates of Multidrug-Resistant Non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica.
The study identified several β-lactamase genes, including bla CTX-M-5, bla OXA-1, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-3, and bla TEM-1, which contribute to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production in multidrug-resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica isolates. Additionally, a mutation in the gyrA gene (D87N) was linked to quinolone resistance.
Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases in Human Isolates of Multidrug-Resistant Non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica.
The study identified several β-lactamase genes, including bla CTX-M-5, bla OXA-1, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-3, and bla TEM-1, which contribute to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production in multidrug-resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica isolates. Additionally, a mutation in the gyrA gene (D87N) was linked to quinolone resistance.
Genomic Characterization of VIM and MCR Co-Producers: The First Two Clinical Cases, in Italy.
The study characterizes two clinical Enterobacter cloacae complex isolates co-producing VIM and MCR enzymes, identifying specific AMR genes and their resistance mechanisms.
Comparative genomics of Staphylococcus epidermidis from prosthetic-joint infections and nares highlights genetic traits associated with antimicrobial resistance, not virulence.
The study identifies several AMR genes and mutations associated with resistance to beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and antiseptics in Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates from prosthetic-joint infections.
A Longitudinal Evaluation of the Bacterial Pathogens Colonizing Chronic Non-Healing Wound Sites at a United States Military Treatment Facility in the Pacific Region.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in bacterial isolates from chronic non-healing wounds, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, macrolide resistance genes, and others. These genes were found in various bacterial species such as E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and others.
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis Lineages in the Nasal and Skin Microbiota of Patients Planned for Arthroplasty Surgery.
The study identified methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) lineages, including multidrug-resistant (MDRSE) strains, in the nasal and skin microbiota of patients before hospital admission for arthroplasty surgery. Key AMR genes identified include qacA (chlorhexidine tolerance), aac(6')-aph(2'') (aminoglycoside resistance), and ermC (macrolide-lincosamide resistance).
Genome-Wide Analysis of Staphylococcus aureus Sequence Type 72 Isolates Provides Insights Into Resistance Against Antimicrobial Agents and Virulence Potential.
The study identified several AMR genes in ST72 isolates, including blaZ, aadD, ermC, msr(A), mph(C), tetK, aac(6')-aph(2'), fusC, and dfrG, which confer resistance to various antibiotics. K07-204 showed resistance to methicillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, kanamycin, and tetracycline, while K07-561 exhibited resistance to ampicillin and tetracycline. Additionally, K07-204 was found to be highly resistant to lysostaphin.
Implanted Port Catheter System Infection Caused by Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius ST71-SCCmec type III.
The study reports a case of implanted port catheter system infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius ST71-SCC mec III, identifying several AMR genes and mutations including aac(6')-aph(2''), ant(6')-Ia, aph(3')-III, sat4A, mecA, blaZ, erm(B), dfrG, GyrA Ser84Leu, and GrlA Ser80Ile.
Molecular investigation of an outbreak associated with total parenteral nutrition contaminated with NDM-producing Leclercia adecarboxylata.
The study identified NDM-1, TEM-1B, and SHV-12 carbapenemase genes along with various other AMR genes in Leclercia adecarboxylata isolates causing an outbreak linked to contaminated TPN.
Distribution and Antibiotic Resistance Profiles of Salmonella enterica in Rural Areas of North Carolina After Hurricane Florence in 2018.
The study found that the aminoglycoside resistance gene aac(6')-Iy had the highest relative abundance among all ARGs in S. enterica isolates, indicating widespread antibiotic resistance in the region.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Porcine Enterococci in Australia and the Ramifications for Human Health.
The study identified antimicrobial resistance genes such as aac(6')-li, ermB, msrC, and vanC in porcine Enterococcus faecium isolates, highlighting the presence of resistance to aminoglycosides, macrolides, streptogramins, and glycopeptides.
Apparent nosocomial adaptation of Enterococcus faecalis predates the modern hospital era.
The study identifies several antimicrobial resistance genes in old Enterococcus faecalis isolates, including tet(L), cat, erm(B), aac(6')-aph(2''), aadD, drfC, and ble, demonstrating the early emergence of antimicrobial resistance traits in this species.
Staphylococcus aureus in Intensive Pig Production in South Africa: Antibiotic Resistance, Virulence Determinants, and Clonality.
The study identified several AMR genes in S. aureus isolates from intensive pig production in South Africa, including ermC, blaZ, tetK, aac(6')-aph(2"), and mecA, which confer resistance to erythromycin, penicillin, tetracycline, gentamicin, and methicillin respectively.
Molecular Characterization of Enterococcus Isolates From Different Sources in Estonia Reveals Potential Transmission of Resistance Genes Among Different Reservoirs.
The study identified vanB genes in two vancomycin-resistant E. faecalis isolates and characterized various tetracycline, macrolide, lincosamide, and aminoglycoside resistance genes in E. faecalis and E. faecium isolates from different sources in Estonia.
Genomic Characterization of Salmonella enterica Isolates From Retail Meat in Beijing, China.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella enterica isolates from retail meat in Beijing, including beta-lactamases (blaCTX-M-55, blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-65), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac(6')-Iaa, aph(6)-Id, aph(3")-Ib), sulfonamide resistance gene (sul2), beta-lactamase (blaTEM-1B), quinolone resistance genes (qnrS1), and colistin resistance genes (mcr-1.1, mcr-9).
Characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from Australian animals: discovery of novel sequence types
The study identified several AMR genes in MRSP isolates, including blaZ, mecA, cat-pC221, ermB, ermC, tetM, dfrG, aac6-aph2, ant6-Ia, aph3-III, and aadD, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as oxacillin, penicillin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and gentamicin.
Evaluation of Metagenomic-Enabled Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance at a Conventional Wastewater Treatment Plant.
The study evaluated the resistome in a conventional wastewater treatment plant, identifying several antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) such as bla OXA-210, bla OXA-212, bla OXA-309, bla OXA-333, qnr S2, sul 1, sul 2, erm B, aac (6′)-Ib7, aac (6′)-Ib8, mph D, msr E, ade J, ade K, mex K, mtr A, sme R, oqx B, qac H, and others. These genes were found to confer resistance to various antibiotics, highlighting the importance of monitoring ARGs in wastewater treatment processes.
Evaluation of Metagenomic-Enabled Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance at a Conventional Wastewater Treatment Plant.
The study evaluated the resistome in a conventional wastewater treatment plant, identifying several antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) such as bla OXA-210, bla OXA-212, bla OXA-309, bla OXA-333, qnr S2, sul 1, sul 2, erm B, aac (6′)-Ib7, aac (6′)-Ib8, mph D, msr E, ade J, ade K, mex K, mtr A, sme R, oqx B, qac H, and others. These genes were found to confer resistance to various antibiotics, highlighting the importance of monitoring ARGs in wastewater treatment processes.
Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in Community-Based Healthy Individuals in Germany.
The study identified several AMR genes in commensal CoNS from healthy individuals in Germany, including mecA, tetK/L, tetM, ermA, ermC, ermB, fusB, fusC, aac(6')/aph(2"), cat194, fexB, and spc. These genes were associated with resistance to methicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin, fusidic acid, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, florfenicol, and spectinomycin.
Capability of Enterococcus faecalis to shield Gram-negative pathogens from aminoglycoside exposure.
The study found that AME-producing E. faecalis did not consistently protect Gram-negative pathogens from gentamicin exposure, suggesting that AME production may not play a significant role in shielding neighboring organisms from aminoglycosides during polymicrobial infections.
Multilocus sequence typing analysis and second-generation sequencing analysis of Salmonella Wandsworth.
The study identified the aac(6')-Iaa gene as responsible for aminoglycoside resistance in Salmonella Wandsworth, highlighting its resistance to gentamicin and apramycin.
Role of CRISPR-Cas system on antibiotic resistance patterns of Enterococcus faecalis.
The study identified several AMR genes, including tetM, ermB, aac6'-aph(2"), aadE, ant(6), and vanA, which are associated with resistance to tetracycline, erythromycin, gentamicin, and vancomycin in Enterococcus faecalis isolates.
Global Genomic Characterization of Salmonella enterica Serovar Telelkebir.
The study identified the antimicrobial resistance genes fosA7 and aac(6')-Iaa in Salmonella enterica serovar Telelkebir, highlighting the presence of multidrug resistance in this serovar.
Basic and applied research on multiple aminoglycoside antibiotic resistance of actinomycetes: an old-timer's recollection.
The study identifies several aminoglycoside resistance genes, including aac(3), aac(2'), aac(6'), and aac(1), which confer resistance to various aminoglycoside antibiotics. These genes were characterized through biochemical analyses and their resistance mechanisms were elucidated.
Genomic Analysis of Antibiotic-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis Isolates From Clinical Sources in the Kwazulu-Natal Province, South Africa.
The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates, including mecA, blaZ, tet(K), erm(A), erm(B), erm(C), dfrG, aac(6')-aph(2''), and cat(pC221), which confer resistance to beta-lactams, tetracyclines, macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramin B, trimethoprim, aminoglycosides, and chloramphenicol.
Genomic Analysis of Antibiotic-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis Isolates From Clinical Sources in the Kwazulu-Natal Province, South Africa.
The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates, including mecA, blaZ, tet(K), erm(A), erm(B), erm(C), dfrG, aac(6')-aph(2''), and cat(pC221), which confer resistance to beta-lactams, tetracyclines, macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramin B, trimethoprim, aminoglycosides, and chloramphenicol.
Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae Harboring ST233, ST1263, and ST1845 in Children.
The study identified the aac(6')-Iaa gene as the only resistance gene in three Salmonella enterica subsp. diarizonae isolates, which were susceptible to all tested antibiotics.
Genomic Investigation of Antimicrobial-Resistant Salmonella enterica Isolates From Dead Chick Embryos in China.
The study identified several AMR genes in Salmonella enterica isolates from dead chick embryos in China, including aac(6')-Iaa, qnrB4, bla, and sul1, which confer resistance to various antibiotics.
Antimicrobial Resistance and Whole-Genome Characterisation of High-Level Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Salmonella Enterica Serovar Kentucky ST 198 Strains Isolated from Human in Poland.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in high-level ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella Enterica serovar Kentucky ST198 strains isolated from humans in Poland, including blaTEM-1B, qnrS1, aac(3)-Id, aac(3)-IId, aac(6')-Iaa, aac(6')-Iid, aph(3")-Ib, aph(3")-Id, aadA1, sul1, dfrA1, and tetA, along with mutations in gyrA and parC that confer resistance to quinolones and beta-lactams.
Discerning the Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence, and Phylogenetic Relatedness of Salmonella Isolates Across the Human, Poultry, and Food Materials Sources in Malaysia.
The study identified several AMR genes in Salmonella Enteritidis isolates from Malaysia, including aac(6')-ly, blaCMY-2, blaTEM-1, blaTEM-33, blaTEM-4, dfrA14, dfrA15, floR, qnrS1, qnrD1, sul1, sul2, strA, strB, tetA, and tetC. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as gentamicin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethazine/trimethoprim, and tetracycline.
Misidentification of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus by the Cepheid Xpert MRSA NxG assay, the Netherlands, February to March 2021.
The study reports two false-negative results in detecting meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) using the Cepheid Xpert MRSA NxG assay. The isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics, including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, and tetracyclines, and carried resistance genes such as blaZ, mecA, erm(T), aac(6')-aph(2"), tet(L), and tet(M).
Genomic Characterization of a Nalidixic Acid-Resistant Salmonella Enteritidis Strain Causing Persistent Infections in Broiler Chickens.
The study identified a nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella Enteritidis strain, SE_TAU19, which exhibited resistance to nalidixic acid and sulfadimethoxine. Genomic analysis revealed the presence of aac(6')-ly, mdsA-C, and mdtK genes, along with a gyrA mutation associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
First Report of bla (IMP-4) and bla (SRT-2) Coproducing Serratia marcescens Clinical Isolate in China.
The study reports the first identification of a Serratia marcescens clinical isolate in China that produces both blaIMP-4 and blaSRT-2, along with other resistance genes such as aac(6')-Ic, qnrS1, and tet(41).
Sequence Analyses and Phenotypic Characterization Revealed Multidrug Resistant Gene Insertions in the Genomic Region Encompassing Phase 2 Flagellin Encoding fljAB Genes in Monophasic Variant Salmonella enterica Serovar 4,5,12:i:- Isolates From Various Sources in Thailand.
The study identified multiple multidrug resistance genes, including blaTEM-1B, strA, strB, sul2, and tetB, in Salmonella enterica serovar 4,5,12:i:- isolates from Thailand, which contribute to resistance against ampicillin, streptomycin, sulfonamides, and tetracycline.
AMaLa: Analysis of Directed Evolution Experiments via Annealed Mutational Approximated Landscape.
The study presents AMaLa, a method to infer fitness landscapes from Directed Evolution experiments. It characterizes the resistance mechanisms of beta-lactamase (TEM-1, PSE-1) and acetyltransferase (AAC6) through computational and experimental validation.
Metagenomic strategies identify diverse integron-integrase and antibiotic resistance genes in the Antarctic environment.
The study identified various antibiotic resistance genes in Antarctic metagenomes, including aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, beta-lactamases, and multidrug resistance transporters.
Genetic description of VanD phenotype vanA genotype in vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates from a Bone Marrow Transplantation Unit.
The study characterizes the genetic structure of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates displaying a VanD phenotype with a vanA genotype, highlighting the presence of various resistance genes and genetic variations within the van transposon.
A species-wide genetic atlas of antimicrobial resistance in Clostridioides difficile.
This study identifies multiple AMR genes and mutations in Clostridioides difficile, including ermB, tetM, mefH, and various mutations in gyrA, gyrB, rpoB, pbp1, and pbp3. These findings highlight the widespread nature of AMR in C. difficile and its potential role in the spread of the bacterium.
The First Saudi Study Investigating the Plasmid-borne Aminoglycoside and Sulfonamide Resistance among Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolates Genotyped by RAPD-PCR: the Declaration of a Novel Allelic Variant Called aac(6')-SL and Three Novel Mutations in the sul1 Gene in the Acinetobacter Plasmid (s).
The study identified a novel allelic variant of aac(6')-Ib called aac(6')-SL and three novel mutations in the sul1 gene among Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates in Saudi Arabia.
Genomic Characterization of Imipenem- and Imipenem-Relebactam-Resistant Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
The study identifies AAC(6')-Iag and VIM-4 as resistance genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and mutations in oprD as a mechanism for imipenem resistance.
High Rates of Aminoglycoside Methyltransferases Associated with Metallo-Beta-Lactamases in Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates from a Tertiary Care Hospital in Egypt.
The study identifies high rates of aminoglycoside methyltransferases (rmtB, armA, rmtF) and metallo-beta-lactamases (bla NDM, bla VIM) in multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Egypt.
New Sequence Types and Antimicrobial Drug-Resistant Strains of Streptococcus suis in Diseased Pigs, Italy, 2017-2019.
The study identified several AMR genes in Streptococcus suis isolates from diseased pigs in Italy, including ermb, tet(O), aac6-aph2, ant6-ia, aph3-iiia, spw, tet(40), tet(W), tet(O/W/32/O), tet(W/N/N), erm(47), lnuB, lsaE, and optrA, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as erythromycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, lincomycin, and linezolid.
Genomic characteristics and comparative genomics of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Schwarzengrund strain S16 isolated from chicken feces.
The Genomic Characterization of KPC-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae from the ICU of a Teaching Hospital in Shanghai, China.
The study identified the carbapenemase gene blaKPC-2 and blaKPC-24, along with fosfomycin resistance gene fosA6, and various extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes such as blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-65, and blaCTX-M-27 in KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. Additionally, genes associated with fluoroquinolone, macrolide, aminoglycoside, and sulfonamide resistance were also characterized.
The Genomic Characterization of KPC-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae from the ICU of a Teaching Hospital in Shanghai, China.
The study identified the carbapenemase gene blaKPC-2 and blaKPC-24, along with fosfomycin resistance gene fosA6, and various extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes such as blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-65, and blaCTX-M-27 in KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. Additionally, genes associated with fluoroquinolone, macrolide, aminoglycoside, and sulfonamide resistance were also characterized.
Genomic Characterization of Carbapenem-Non-susceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates From Saudi Arabia Revealed a Global Dissemination of GES-5-Producing ST235 and VIM-2-Producing ST233 Sub-Lineages.
The study identified GES-5-producing ST235 and VIM-2-producing ST233 sub-lineages of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Saudi Arabia, highlighting their global dissemination and the presence of various resistance genes including blaGES-5, blaVIM-2, and others.
Effects of early-life antibiotics on the developing infant gut microbiome and resistome: a randomized trial.
Early-life broad-spectrum antibiotics alter the infant gut microbiome and resistome, with amoxicillin + cefotaxime having the most significant impact on AMR gene profiles.
Effects of early-life antibiotics on the developing infant gut microbiome and resistome: a randomized trial.
Early-life broad-spectrum antibiotics alter the infant gut microbiome and resistome, with amoxicillin + cefotaxime having the most significant impact on AMR gene profiles.
Comparison of Reference-Based Assembly and De Novo Assembly for Bacterial Plasmid Reconstruction and AMR Gene Localization in Salmonella enterica Serovar Schwarzengrund Isolates.
The study identified various AMR genes in Salmonella enterica serovar Schwarzengrund isolates, including aadA2, AAC(3)-IV, AAC(6')-Iy, APH(4)-Ia, cmlA1, dfrA12, floR, sul1, sul2, sul3, TEM-1, and tet(A). These genes were located on both the chromosome and plasmids, highlighting the importance of plasmid-mediated AMR gene transmission.
Genomic characterization of multidrug-resistant Salmonella serovar Kentucky ST198 isolated in poultry flocks in Spain (2011-2017).
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in multidrug-resistant Salmonella serovar Kentucky ST198 isolates from Spain, including genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, trimethoprim, and colistin.
Healthcare-associated infections caused by chlorhexidine-tolerant Serratia marcescens carrying a promiscuous IncHI2 multi-drug resistance plasmid in a veterinary hospital.
The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Serratia spp. isolates from hospitalized animals, highlighting the presence of a promiscuous IncHI2 plasmid carrying resistance genes against several high-importance antimicrobials.
Genomic diversity and antimicrobial resistance among non-typhoidal Salmonella associated with human disease in The Gambia.
The study identified various antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from The Gambia, including aac(6')-Iaa_1, aph_3_Ib, aph_6_Id, dfrA14, dfrA7, dfrA8, blaTEM-1B, catA1_1, fosA7_1, mph_A, sul1, sul2, tet_A, and tet_B. These genes confer resistance to aminoglycosides, trimethoprim, beta-lactams, chloramphenicol, fosfomycin, macrolides, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines. The study also found that multidrug resistance (MDR) was primarily associated with Salmonella serovar Enteritidis, especially in the eastern region.
Global population structure of the Serratia marcescens complex and identification of hospital-adapted lineages in the complex.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes and mutations in the Serratia marcescens complex, highlighting the presence of hospital-adapted lineages with a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. Key AMR genes include blaCTX-M, blaNDM, blaOXA, qnrS1, tet(A), aac(6')-Ib, mph(A), erm(B), aadA, floR, sul1, and dfrA12, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, macrolides, florfenicol, sulfonamides, and trimethoprim.
Global evolutionary dynamics and resistome analysis of Clostridioides difficile ribotype 017.
The study identifies ermB, tetM, and aac6-aph2 as key AMR genes in C. difficile RT 017, highlighting their role in the global spread of multidrug-resistant strains.
Analysis of Antimicrobial Resistance in Non-typhoidal Salmonella Collected From Pork Retail Outlets and Slaughterhouses in Vietnam Using Whole Genome Sequencing.
The study identified several AMR genes in non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from pork retail outlets and slaughterhouses in Vietnam, including blaTEM-1, blaTEM-150, blaLAP-2, blaCTX-M-55, dfrA12, dfrA14, floR, cmlA1, tetA, tetB, tetM, mcr-1, mcr-3, qnrS1, mphA, aadA1, aadA2, aac(6')-laa, aac(6')-ly, sul1, sul2, sul3, aph(3")-lb, and aph6-ld. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, penicillins, first-generation cephalosporins, quinolones, trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, colistin, macrolides, gentamicin, sulfonamides, and others.
Analysis of Antimicrobial Resistance in Non-typhoidal Salmonella Collected From Pork Retail Outlets and Slaughterhouses in Vietnam Using Whole Genome Sequencing.
The study identified several AMR genes in non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from pork retail outlets and slaughterhouses in Vietnam, including blaTEM-1, blaTEM-150, blaLAP-2, blaCTX-M-55, dfrA12, dfrA14, floR, cmlA1, tetA, tetB, tetM, mcr-1, mcr-3, qnrS1, mphA, aadA1, aadA2, aac(6')-laa, aac(6')-ly, sul1, sul2, sul3, aph(3")-lb, and aph6-ld. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, penicillins, first-generation cephalosporins, quinolones, trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, colistin, macrolides, gentamicin, sulfonamides, and others.
Antimicrobial resistance and genetic background of non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica strains isolated from human infections in São Paulo, Brazil (2000-2019).
The study identifies several AMR genes, including blaTEM-1, dfrA1, tetA, sul1, floR, aac(6')-laa, qnrE1, aadA1, and aac(6')-ly, in non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica strains. It also reports mutations in mgrB, pmrB, and pmrC associated with colistin resistance.
Antimicrobial resistance and genetic background of non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica strains isolated from human infections in São Paulo, Brazil (2000-2019).
The study identifies several AMR genes, including blaTEM-1, dfrA1, tetA, sul1, floR, aac(6')-laa, qnrE1, aadA1, and aac(6')-ly, in non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica strains. It also reports mutations in mgrB, pmrB, and pmrC associated with colistin resistance.
Molecular diagnostics and next-generation sequencing reveal real etiological characteristics of invasive Salmonella infection in febrile illness in Freetown, Sierra Leone.
The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes in a Salmonella Typhi isolate, including aac(6')-Iaa, catA1, dfrA15, and sul1, indicating resistance to aminoglycosides, phenicols, trimethoprim, and sulfonamides.
The Emergence of a Multidrug-Resistant and Pathogenic ST42 Lineage of Staphylococcus haemolyticus from a Hospital in China.
The study identifies the ST42 lineage of Staphylococcus haemolyticus as a multidrug-resistant and pathogenic clone with a high burden of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence determinants.
KPC-3-, GES-5-, and VIM-1-Producing Enterobacterales Isolated from Urban Ponds.
The study identified bla KPC-3, bla GES-5, and bla VIM genes in various Enterobacterales isolates from urban ponds, highlighting their role in carbapenem resistance.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility, and Molecular Characterization of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated From Different Raw Milk Samples in China.
The study identified several AMR genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from raw milk samples in China, including blaZ, aac(6')-aph(2"), tet(M), mecA, cfxA, ant(4')-Ia, and fexA. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as Penicillin G, Tetracycline, Gentamicin, Kanamycin, Cefoxitin, and Chloramphenicol.
RETRACTED: Isolation and molecular characterization of extended spectrum beta lactamase producing Escherichia coli from chicken meat in Pakistan.
The study identified several AMR genes including blaOXA-1, blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M15, QnrS, TetA, AAC, AAD, Sul1, and Sul2 in E. coli isolates from chicken meat in Pakistan. Mutations in blaOXA-1 (H81Q), blaTEM-1 (C108Y, T214A, K284E, P301S), QnrS (H95R), and Sul2 (E66A) were also detected.
mcr-1-Mediated Colistin Resistance and Genomic Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance in ESBL-Producing Salmonella Infantis Strains from a Broiler Meat Production Chain in Italy.
The study identified mcr-1.1 and mcr-1.2 variants on IncX4 plasmids in colistin-resistant Salmonella Infantis strains, along with other resistance genes such as blaCTX-M-1, aac(6')-Iaa, tet(A), dfrA1, sul1, and qacE.
Comparative Phenotypic and Genomic Features of Staphylococci from Sonication Fluid of Orthopedic Implant-Associated Infections with Poor Outcome.
The study identified various AMR genes in Staphylococcus isolates from orthopedic implant-associated infections, including mecA, blaZ, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, and erythromycin resistance genes, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug resistance among these isolates.
Comparative Phenotypic and Genomic Features of Staphylococci from Sonication Fluid of Orthopedic Implant-Associated Infections with Poor Outcome.
The study identified various AMR genes in Staphylococcus isolates from orthopedic implant-associated infections, including mecA, blaZ, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, and erythromycin resistance genes, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug resistance among these isolates.
Genome analysis and virulence gene expression profile of a multi drug resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium ms202.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in the multi-drug resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium ms202 strain, including fosA7, sul1, aadA7, aac(6')-laa, tet(A), and qacE, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as fosfomycin, sulfamethoxazole, spectinomycin, amikacin, tetracycline, and disinfectants.
Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats Genotyping of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Heidelberg Strains Isolated From the Poultry Production Chain Across Brazil.
The study identified several AMR genes and chromosomal mutations in multidrug-resistant Salmonella Heidelberg strains isolated from the poultry production chain in Brazil, highlighting the widespread distribution of antibiotic-resistant strains.
Prevalence and whole-genome sequencing analysis of Salmonella reveal its spread along the duck production chain.
The study identified aac(6')-Iaa as an aminoglycoside resistance gene in Salmonella typhimurium and found mutations in the gyrA gene contributing to nalidixic acid resistance.
Antimicrobial resistance and genomic analysis of staphylococi isolated from livestock and farm attendants in Northern Ghana.
The study identified several AMR genes in staphylococci from livestock and farm attendants in Northern Ghana, including mecA1, mecA, tet(K), tet(L), tet(M), cat(pC221), sal(A), aadD, dfrK, dfrG, erm(B), fosB, aac(6')-aph(2''), and blaZ, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, aminoglycosides, and macrolides.
Resistance and Pathogenicity of Salmonella Thompson Isolated from Incubation End of a Poultry Farm.
The study identified the aac(6')-Iaa and mcr-9 genes in Salmonella Thompson isolates, which conferred resistance to streptomycin and colistin, respectively. The mcr-9 gene was reported for the first time in S. Thompson.
Molecular Characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Sputum in a Tertiary Hospital in Xinxiang, China.
The study identified several AMR genes in K. pneumoniae isolates, including bla SHV, bla CTX-M, bla TEM, aac, qnr B, and oqx B, which contribute to resistance against beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, and quinolones. The presence of these genes highlights the severity of antibiotic resistance in the region.
Whole-Genome Sequence of Multidrug-Resistant Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis Carrying Biofilm-Associated Genes and a Unique Composite of SCCmec.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in multidrug-resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis isolates, including mecA, blaZ, fusB, fosB, aadD, aac(6')-aph(2"), tet(K), dfrG, msr(A), and qacA. These genes contribute to resistance against various antibiotics such as methicillin, penicillin, fusidic acid, fosfomycin, aminoglycosides, tetracycline, trimethoprim, macrolides, and chlorhexidine.
Antibiotic resistance genes are differentially mobilized according to resistance mechanism.
The study identifies and characterizes antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and their mobilization through mobile genetic elements (MGEs), revealing that efflux genes are rarely mobilized, while certain ARGs like those encoding β-lactamases and aminoglycoside nucleotidyltransferases are highly mobilized.
The impacts of viral infection and subsequent antimicrobials on the microbiome-resistome of growing pigs.
The study identified ermG as a gene that increased in abundance in the feces of treated pigs compared to those that did not receive post-PRRS antimicrobials, indicating its role in macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B resistance.
Molecular characterization of extended spectrum cephalosporin resistant Escherichia coli isolated from livestock and in-contact humans in Southeast Nigeria.
The study identified four variants of bla CTX-M (CTX-M-15, CTX-M-55, CTX-M-64, and CTX-M-65) in extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli from livestock and in-contact humans in Southeast Nigeria. Other AMR genes such as bla TEM-1b, aac 3-IId, qnr S1, and sul 2 were also characterized.
Molecular characterization of extended spectrum cephalosporin resistant Escherichia coli isolated from livestock and in-contact humans in Southeast Nigeria.
The study identified four variants of bla CTX-M (CTX-M-15, CTX-M-55, CTX-M-64, and CTX-M-65) in extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli from livestock and in-contact humans in Southeast Nigeria. Other AMR genes such as bla TEM-1b, aac 3-IId, qnr S1, and sul 2 were also characterized.
Characterization and Fitness Cost of Tn7100, a Novel Integrative and Conjugative Element Conferring Multidrug Resistance in Haemophilus influenzae.
The study identifies Tn7100, a novel integrative and conjugative element carrying six resistance genes: blaTEM-1B, catA2, aac(6')-Im, aph(2'')-Ib, mef(E), and mel, which confer resistance to multiple antibiotics in Haemophilus influenzae.
Emergence, Dissemination and Antimicrobial Resistance of the Main Poultry-Associated Salmonella Serovars in Brazil.
The study characterizes antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes and mutations in various Salmonella serovars associated with poultry in Brazil, emphasizing the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. Key findings include the identification of AMR genes such as blaCTX-M-2, blaTEM-1B, aac(3)-lla, aac(3)-lld, aadA1, aadA2, aph(6)-ld, dfrA1, floR, mrc-1, strA, strB, sul1, sul2, tet(A), tet(B), and others, which confer resistance to multiple antibiotics.
Microbiological and Molecular Features Associated with Persistent and Relapsing Staphylococcus aureus Prosthetic Joint Infection.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from persistent and relapsing prosthetic joint infections, including aac(6')-aph(2"), dfrB, blaZ, grlA, gyrA, and norA. These genes and mutations were experimentally validated and associated with resistance to various antibiotics.
Comparative Analysis of Clinical and Genomic Characteristics of Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae from Hospital and Community Settings: Experience from a Tertiary Healthcare Center in India.
The study identified multiple AMR genes, including bla CTX-M-15, bla SHV, bla OXA, and bla NDM, in hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from both hospital and community settings, highlighting the emergence of multidrug-resistant hvKp strains.
Nasal Staphylococcus aureus and S. pseudintermedius carriage in healthy dogs and cats: a systematic review of their antibiotic resistance, virulence and genetic lineages of zoonotic relevance.
The study identifies various AMR genes such as mecA, blaZ, tet(M), erm(B), aac(6')-aph(2"), aadD, ant(6)-Ia, and sat4 in Staphylococcus aureus and S. pseudintermedius isolates from healthy dogs and cats, indicating widespread antibiotic resistance.
Whole-Genome Analysis of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Ready-to-Eat Food in Russia.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from ready-to-eat food in Russia, including blaZ, mecA, inuA, cat, ermC, dfrG, dfrK, aaC, aaD, ant(9)-Ia, tet(K), tet(cluster), erm(A), erm(C), cat(pC194), and fexA. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as penicillins, lincosamides, phenicols, macrolides, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, and fluoroquinolones.
Withdrawal of antibiotic growth promoters in China and its impact on the foodborne pathogen Campylobacter coli of swine origin.
The study found that the withdrawal of antibiotic growth promoters in China led to an increase in antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter coli, particularly for gentamicin and florfenicol. Several resistance genes, including aadE-Cc, aac(6')-aph(2"), ant(6)-la, aph(3")-lll, aph(2")-lf, tet(O), tet(M), tet(O/32/O), cat, fexA, cfr(C), optrA, blaOXA-193, blaOXA-489, and blaOXA-61, were identified. Mutations in 23S rRNA and gyrA were also associated with resistance to erythromycin and ciprofloxacin, respectively.
Antimicrobial resistance and genomic investigation of non-typhoidal Salmonella isolated from outpatients in Shaoxing city, China.
Draft Genome Sequence of Two Salmonella enterica Subspecies enterica Serovar Minnesota Strains Harboring Mcr-1.1 Gene Isolated from Chicken Meat in Saudi Arabia.
Two Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Minnesota strains carrying the mcr-1.1 gene, which confers colistin resistance, were isolated from chicken meat in Saudi Arabia. Additional resistance genes including sul2, tetA, blaTEM-1B, qnrB19, aac(6')-Iaa, aac(3)-IV, and floR were also identified.
Evaluation of the effect of gentamicin in surgical perfusion solution on cataract postoperative endophthalmitis.
The study found that gentamicin in surgical perfusion solution reduced the incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis. However, aminoglycoside-inactivating enzyme resistance genes, specifically aac(6')-aph(2''), were detected in Enterococcus strains, indicating the emergence of gentamicin-resistant Enterococci.
Molecular Basis of Non-β-Lactam Antibiotics Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus.
The paper discusses the molecular mechanisms of resistance to non-beta-lactam antibiotics in Staphylococcus aureus, highlighting the roles of various genes and mutations in conferring resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, aminoglycosides, glycopeptides, oxazolidinones, lipopeptides, fluoroquinolones, and other antibiotics.
Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Genes in Staphylococci Isolated from Aviary Capercaillies and Free-living Birds in South-eastern Poland.
The study identified several AMR genes in Staphylococcus isolates from birds, including mecA, blaZ, msrA/B, ermC, mphC, tetK, tetM, cfr, norA, aac(6')-aph(2"), sea, and tst. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as methicillin, beta-lactams, macrolides, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, florfenicol, fluoroquinolones, and aminoglycosides.
How Streptococcus suis escapes antibiotic treatments.
The study characterizes various AMR genes and mutations in Streptococcus suis, highlighting resistance to beta-lactams, macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramins, amphenicols, pleuromutilins, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, trimethoprim, and fluoroquinolones.
Web-based prediction of antimicrobial resistance in enterococcal clinical isolates by whole-genome sequencing.
The study evaluated the accuracy of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) for predicting antimicrobial resistance in enterococcal clinical isolates. It identified several AMR genes and mutations, including aac(6')-aph(2"), erm(B), erm(T), tet(L), tet(M), vanA, vanB, vanD, optrA, poxtA, and mutations in gyrA and parC, which were validated through genomic sequencing and phenotypic AST.
Antimicrobial resistance and genomic characterization of Salmonella enterica serovar Senftenberg isolates in production animals from the United States.
The study characterized antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations in Salmonella enterica serovar Senftenberg isolates from production animals in the United States, identifying genes such as aac(6')-Iaa, aph(3")-Ib, aph(6)-Id, blaTEM-1B, blaCMY-2, blaSHV-12, floR, catA2, qnrB2, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aadA1, aadA2, sul1, sul2, tetA, and mcr-9.1, along with mutations in gyrA and parC genes contributing to resistance against various antibiotics.
Commensal bacteria contribute to the growth of multidrug-resistant Avibacterium paragallinarum in chickens.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes in multidrug-resistant Avibacterium paragallinarum, including tetB, bla CTX-M-14, bla OXA-1, bla ROB-1, mef(B), ant, aac, and aph, which confer resistance to tetracycline, ampicillin, erythromycin, tylosin, and gentamicin.
Concordance between Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotype and Genotype of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius from Healthy Dogs.
The study identified 17 antibiotic resistance genes in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from healthy dogs, including blaZ, mecA, ermB, tetM, aac(6')-aph(2''), ant(6)-Ia, aph(3')-IIIa, spw, str, and dfrG. It also found mutations in gyrA and parC genes associated with fluoroquinolone resistance, and mutations in rpoB and clpP linked to vancomycin resistance.
Distribution Patterns of Antibiotic Resistance Genes and Their Bacterial Hosts in a Manure Lagoon of a Large-Scale Swine Finishing Facility.
The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in manure samples from a swine finishing facility, highlighting the prevalence of resistance to tetracyclines, macrolides, aminoglycosides, and other antibiotics. Key genes included tet(M), lnuA, erm(35), aadS, mphB, dfrG, vga-type ABC-F, lsa-type ABC-F, msr-type ABC-F, optrA, and others, primarily found in Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidota. These genes were associated with resistance mechanisms such as target alteration, antibiotic inactivation, and efflux pumps.
Association of CRISPR-Cas System with the Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Genes in Nosocomial Isolates of Enterococcus.
The study found that the CRISPR-Cas system is associated with reduced antibiotic resistance and virulence in Enterococcus isolates. Specific resistance genes such as ermB, aadE, ant(6), aac(6')-aph(2"), tetM, and vanA were identified in the isolates.
Dispersion and persistence of antimicrobial resistance genes among Staphylococcus spp. and Mammaliicoccus spp. isolated along a swine manure treatment plant.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes, including fexA, ermC, cfr, aac(6')-aph(2''), dfrG, tetK, blaZ, mecA, norA, tetM, and ermA, in Staphylococcus and Mammaliicoccus species isolated from a swine manure treatment plant, indicating widespread resistance to various antibiotics.
The pan-genome of the emerging multidrug-resistant pathogen Corynebacterium striatum.
The study identifies 15 antimicrobial resistance genes in Corynebacterium striatum, including genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramins, sulfonamides, and cationic antiseptics. These genes are often located in genomic islands and mobile genetic elements, highlighting the role of horizontal gene transfer in the spread of multidrug resistance.
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus from Diabetic Foot Infections in a Tunisian Hospital with the First Detection of MSSA CC398-t571.
The study identified several AMR genes in S. aureus isolates from diabetic foot infections, including blaZ, erm(B), erm(A), msrA, tet(M), tet(K), tet(L), aac(6')-aph(2"), ant(4')-Ia, and fexA. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as penicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, tobramycin, and chloramphenicol.
Comparative Genomic Analysis of a Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus hominis ShoR14 Clinical Isolate from Terengganu, Malaysia, Led to the Discovery of Novel Mobile Genetic Elements.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in the multidrug-resistant S. hominis ShoR14 isolate, including tetK, norA, aac(6')-aph(2"), aadD, blaZ, mecA, mupA, fusC, ermC, sul4, dfrC, and catA7, which contribute to resistance against various antibiotics.
Resistome and virulome diversity of foodborne pathogens isolated from artisanal food production chain of animal origin in the Mediterranean region.
The study identified various AMR genes in L. monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica, and S. aureus isolates from artisanal food production chains in the Mediterranean region, highlighting the presence of fosfomycin, aminoglycoside, beta-lactam, trimethoprim, sulfonamide, tetracycline, and streptomycin resistance mechanisms.
Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of Pathogenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Campylobacter spp., in Free-Living Birds in Mainland Portugal.
The study identified various AMR genes in pathogenic E. coli, Salmonella, and Campylobacter isolates from free-living birds in Portugal, including ESBL genes like bla CTX-M-15, bla SHV-12, bla SHV-55, and bla CTX-M-1, as well as tetracycline resistance gene tetO and aac(6')-Iaa. Additionally, a mutation in gyrA (gyrA_T86I) was found to confer fluoroquinolone resistance.
Phylogenetic analysis and virulence characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST764-SCCmec II: an emerging hypervirulent clone ST764-t1084 in China.
The study identified several AMR genes in ST764-MRSA isolates, including ant(4')-Ib, aac(6')-aph(2"), aadD, mupA, qacB, and fosD, which conferred resistance to aminoglycosides, mupirocin, antiseptics, and fosfomycin. These findings highlight the diversity of resistance mechanisms in ST764-MRSA isolates.
Salmonella Heidelberg and Salmonella Minnesota in Brazilian broilers: Genomic characterization of third-generation cephalosporin and fluoroquinolone-resistant strains.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella Heidelberg and Salmonella Minnesota isolates from Brazilian broilers, including bla CMY-2, qnrB19, aac(6')-Iaa, sul2, tet(A), fosA7, qacE, and formA, along with gyrA(S83F) and parC(T57S) mutations conferring resistance to various antibiotics.
Hybrid Genomic Analysis of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis SE3 Isolated from Polluted Soil in Brazil.
The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis SE3, including aac(6')-Iaa, mdfA, golS, and msbA, which confer resistance to aminoglycosides, tetracycline, monobactam, and nitroimidazole, respectively.
Antimicrobial Resistance and Genetic Diversity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains Isolated from Equine and Other Veterinary Samples.
The study identified several AMR genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from equine and other veterinary samples, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, quinolone resistance genes, sulfonamide resistance genes, phenicol resistance genes, tetracycline resistance genes, and efflux pumps. Additionally, genes conferring resistance to quaternary ammonium compounds were detected.
Characterization of Antibiotic-Resistant Stenotrophomonas Isolates from Painted Turtles Living in the Wild.
Two Stenotrophomonas isolates, Stenotrophomonas sp. 9A and S. maltophilia 15A, were found to exhibit multidrug resistance. Key resistance mechanisms included chromosomal beta-lactamases (blaL1 and blaL2), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac(6')-lz and aph(3')-llc), and efflux pumps (smeABC and smeDEF).
Virulence gene detection and antimicrobial resistance analysis of Enterococcus faecium in captive giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in China.
The study identified several AMR genes in E. faecium isolates from captive giant pandas, including aac(6')-aph(2''), aph(2'')-Id, vanA, cfr, and optrA, which confer resistance to aminoglycosides, vancomycin, and linezolid.
Systematic In Silico Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance Dissemination across the Global Plasmidome.
The study identifies various antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and their dissemination patterns across the global plasmidome using %GC content analysis. Key findings include the identification of genes such as sul, dfrA, qnr, CTX-M, OXA, APH(3'), ANT(3''), AAC(6'), mcr, erm, tet, and qac, which are associated with resistance to sulfonamides, trimethoprim, quinolones, beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, polymyxins, macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramins, tetracyclines, and quaternary ammonium compounds.
Genomic characterization of two carbapenem-resistant Serratia marcescens isolates causing bacteremia: Emergence of KPC-2-encoding IncR plasmids.
Two carbapenem-resistant Serratia marcescens isolates were found to carry blaKPC-2 on IncR plasmids, along with additional resistance genes such as qnrS1, aac6'-Ic, and blaCTX-M-14.
Phylogenetic Analysis and Virulence Characteristics of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST45 in China: a Hyper-Virulent Clone Associated with Bloodstream Infections.
The study identifies the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes blaZ, tetK, aac6 aph2, and ermC in MRSA ST45 isolates, highlighting their resistance to beta-lactam, tetracycline, aminoglycoside, and macrolide-lincosamide-streptomycin antibiotics. Additionally, the research emphasizes the high virulence potential of ST45-MRSA isolates in causing bloodstream infections.
Antimicrobial resistance profiles of Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella spp. isolated from enteritis patients in Japan.
The study identified several AMR genes including blaCMY-2, aac(6')-Iaa, ant(3")-Ib, aph(6)-Id, floR, qnrB19, sul2, and tet(A) in cefotaxime-resistant Salmonella isolates. Additionally, mutations in the gyrA gene, specifically Thr86Ile, were found in ciprofloxacin-resistant C. jejuni isolates.
Genomic analyses of drug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Heidelberg strains isolated from meat and related sources between 2013 and 2017 in the south region of Brazil.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations in Salmonella enterica serovar Heidelberg strains, including fosA7, aac(6')-Iaa, sul2, tet(A), bla CMY-2, mdsA, mdsB, and point mutations in gyrA and parC, indicating a multidrug-resistant profile.
Intra-host variation of genetic lineages or AMR genotypes of CoPS
The study identifies various AMR genes including blaZ, dfrA, dfrG, ermB, catA, aac6′-aph2″, tet(M), dfrK, and ant4′ in Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates. Additionally, a mutation in grlA (S80F) was found to confer fluoroquinolone resistance.
Phenotypic and genotypic survey of antibiotic resistance in Salmonella enterica isolates from dairy farms in Uruguay.
The study identified 21 AMR genes in Salmonella enterica isolates from dairy farms in Uruguay, including genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, beta-lactams, and quinolones. Two chromosomal mutations, parC_T57S and acrB_R717Q, were also detected, contributing to resistance against quinolones and azithromycin, respectively.
Whole-Genome Analysis of Antimicrobial-Resistant Salmonella enterica Isolated from Duck Carcasses in Hanoi, Vietnam.
The study identified 43 antibiotic resistance genes in Salmonella enterica isolates from duck carcasses in Hanoi, Vietnam, including genes conferring resistance to multiple antibiotic classes such as aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, quinolones, and tetracyclines.
Whole-Genome Analysis of Antimicrobial-Resistant Salmonella enterica Isolated from Duck Carcasses in Hanoi, Vietnam.
The study identified 43 antibiotic resistance genes in Salmonella enterica isolates from duck carcasses in Hanoi, Vietnam, including genes conferring resistance to multiple antibiotic classes such as aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, quinolones, and tetracyclines.
Enterococcal Linear Plasmids Adapt to Enterococcus faecium and Spread within Multidrug-Resistant Clades.
The study identifies pELF1-like plasmids in Enterococcus faecium that carry multiple antimicrobial resistance genes, including vancomycin resistance determinants, aminoglycoside resistance genes, macrolide resistance genes, tetracycline resistance genes, and oxazolidinone resistance genes. These plasmids are associated with multidrug-resistant clades and demonstrate high stability and self-transmissibility.
Antimicrobial resistance and genomic characterization of Salmonella enterica isolates from chicken meat.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella enterica isolates from chicken meat, including aminoglycoside, beta-lactam, quinolone, tetracycline, sulfonamide, and phenicol resistance genes. These genes were detected using whole genome sequencing and correlated with phenotypic resistance profiles.
High Genetic Diversity of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Isolates Recovered in Nigerian Hospitals in 2016 to 2020.
The study identified blaOXA-23 and blaNDM-1 as the most common carbapenem resistance genes in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from Nigerian hospitals, along with several other AMR genes and mutations contributing to multidrug resistance.
Epidemiological and Genetic Characteristics of Clinical Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains in Guangdong Province, China.
The study identified blaIMP-45 as a major determinant of meropenem resistance in P. aeruginosa, and mutations in oprD, mexR, nalD, and armR were associated with meropenem resistance.
Genomic Characterization and Genetic Profiles of Salmonella Gallinarum Strains Isolated from Layers with Fowl Typhoid in Colombia.
The study identified 26 chromosomal resistance genes in Salmonella Gallinarum strains, primarily encoding efflux pumps, and point mutations in gyrase genes (gyrA and gyrB) associated with quinolone resistance. The gyrB mutation S464T was frequently found in Colombian strains.
Whole-genome sequencing reveals high-risk clones of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Guangdong, China.
The study identified multiple AMR genes, including aac(6')-IIa, aac(6')-Ib4, aac(6')-Ib7, aac(6')-Ib9, aac(6')-Ib10, aac(3)-IId, aadA, aadA2, aadA3, aadA7, aadA13, bla OXA-50-Like, bla OXA-1-Like, bla OXA-10-Like, bla OXA-21-Like, bla VIM-2, bla IMP-9, bla IMP-45, bla KPC-2, bla CTX-M-13, bla CARB-1, bla CARB-3, qnrVC1, qnrVC6, bla PDC-3, and bla PDC-5, in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Guangdong, China, highlighting the high prevalence of multidrug-resistant and carbapenem-resistant strains.
Whole-genome sequencing reveals high-risk clones of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Guangdong, China.
The study identified multiple AMR genes, including aac(6')-IIa, aac(6')-Ib4, aac(6')-Ib7, aac(6')-Ib9, aac(6')-Ib10, aac(3)-IId, aadA, aadA2, aadA3, aadA7, aadA13, bla OXA-50-Like, bla OXA-1-Like, bla OXA-10-Like, bla OXA-21-Like, bla VIM-2, bla IMP-9, bla IMP-45, bla KPC-2, bla CTX-M-13, bla CARB-1, bla CARB-3, qnrVC1, qnrVC6, bla PDC-3, and bla PDC-5, in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Guangdong, China, highlighting the high prevalence of multidrug-resistant and carbapenem-resistant strains.
Whole-genome sequencing reveals high-risk clones of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Guangdong, China.
The study identified multiple AMR genes, including aac(6')-IIa, aac(6')-Ib4, aac(6')-Ib7, aac(6')-Ib9, aac(6')-Ib10, aac(3)-IId, aadA, aadA2, aadA3, aadA7, aadA13, bla OXA-50-Like, bla OXA-1-Like, bla OXA-10-Like, bla OXA-21-Like, bla VIM-2, bla IMP-9, bla IMP-45, bla KPC-2, bla CTX-M-13, bla CARB-1, bla CARB-3, qnrVC1, qnrVC6, bla PDC-3, and bla PDC-5, in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Guangdong, China, highlighting the high prevalence of multidrug-resistant and carbapenem-resistant strains.
Species Delineation and Comparative Genomics within the Campylobacter ureolyticus Complex.
The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes in Campylobacter ureolyticus, including ermA, tetM, blaOXA-85, and aac(6')-aph(2''). These genes confer resistance to macrolides, tetracyclines, beta-lactams, and aminoglycosides, respectively.
Sub-inhibitory gentamicin pollution induces gentamicin resistance gene integration in class 1 integrons in the environment.
Sub-inhibitory concentrations of gentamicin induced the integration of gentamicin resistance genes (GmRG) in class 1 integrons in environmental river water microcosms. The study identified the aac(6')-Ib7 gene, which confers resistance to gentamicin, and the qacG2 gene, which provides resistance to quaternary ammonium compounds. Additionally, the beta-lactamase gene OXA-256 was found in class 1 integron cassettes.
Whole genome sequencing of Salmonella enterica serovars isolated from humans, animals, and the environment in Lagos, Nigeria.
The study identified several AMR genes in Salmonella enterica isolates, including aac(6')-Iaa, mdf(A), qnrB, qnrB19, sinH, mdsB, mdsA, golT, and golS, which contribute to resistance against various antibiotics.
Antibiotic Susceptibility Profiling of Human Pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus Strains Using Whole Genome Sequencing and Genome-Scale Annotation Approaches.
The study identified several AMR genes in multidrug-resistant S. aureus strains, including blaZ, mecA, mecC, norA, norC, MgrA, tet(45), APH(3′)-IIIa, ermC, AAC(6′)-APH(2″), and fusC. These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramin B, and fusidic acid.
Prevalence, genomic characterization and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter spp. isolates in pets in Shenzhen, China.
The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in Campylobacter spp. isolates from pets in Shenzhen, China, highlighting the high prevalence of multidrug resistance, particularly in C. upsaliensis. Key findings include the detection of gyrA mutations, aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac(6')-aph(2"), aph(2")-Ifl), tetracycline resistance genes (tet(O)), and beta-lactam resistance genes (OXA-193, OXA-595).
Evaluation of Enterotoxins and Antimicrobial Resistance in Microorganisms Isolated from Raw Sheep Milk and Cheese: Ensuring the Microbiological Safety of These Products in Southern Brazil.
The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes, including tetM, ermB, strA, tetL, sul1, sul2, and AAC(6)', in Staphylococcus spp. isolated from raw sheep milk and cheese in southern Brazil. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics, highlighting the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in these microorganisms.
Antibacterial and Biofilm Production Inhibition Activity of Thymus vulgaris L. Essential Oil against Salmonella spp. Isolates from Reptiles.
The study identified several AMR genes in Salmonella spp. isolates from reptiles, including genes encoding multidrug efflux pumps, aminoglycoside resistance, bacitracin resistance, and fosfomycin resistance. Despite the presence of these genes, all isolates were susceptible to tested antibiotics.
Genome characteristics of the optrA-positive Clostridium perfringens strain QHY-2 carrying a novel plasmid type.
The study identifies the optrA gene, which confers resistance to oxazolidinones and phenicols, along with other resistance genes such as fexA, erm(A), erm(B), erm(Q), aac(6')-aph(2''), and lnu(P) in the optrA-positive Clostridium perfringens strain QHY-2. These genes are located on a novel plasmid type, highlighting the potential for horizontal transmission of antibiotic resistance among C. perfringens strains.
Acinetobacter baumannii Global Clone-Specific Resistomes Explored in Clinical Isolates Recovered from Egypt.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from Egypt, including blaOXA-23, ISAb1-amplified_blaADC, blaNDM-1, blaGES-11, armA, aac(6')-Ib9, aph(3')-VI, and sul1, along with mutations in adeS, baeS, and carO contributing to tigecycline and carbapenem resistance.
Genomic Features of Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Isolated from Dogs with Pyoderma in Argentina and the United States: A Comparative Study.
The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from dogs in Argentina and the United States, highlighting differences in resistance profiles between the two regions.
Extensive screening reveals previously undiscovered aminoglycoside resistance genes in human pathogens.
Genetic characterization of MDR genomic elements carrying two aac(6')-aph(2") genes in feline-derived clinical Enterococcus faecalis isolate.
The study identified a multidrug-resistant E. faecalis isolate (ESC1) carrying a novel composite transposon with two aac(6')-aph(2") genes, along with several other resistance genes on plasmids, contributing to resistance against multiple antibiotics.
Elucidation of the Bovine Intramammary Bacteriome and Resistome from healthy cows of Swiss dairy farms in the Canton Tessin.
The study identified the presence of the tetracycline resistance gene tetK in Mammaliicoccus sciuri isolates, which was associated with tetracycline resistance. The gene was found on small plasmids, suggesting a potential mechanism for horizontal gene transfer.
Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Causing Nosocomial Meningitis in the Neurological Intensive Care Unit.
The study identified various AMR genes in 37 A. baumannii strains causing nosocomial meningitis, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, tetracycline resistance genes, macrolide resistance genes, phenicol resistance genes, sulfonamide resistance genes, rifamycin resistance genes, and antiseptic resistance genes.
Outbreak of OXA-232-producing carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST15 in a Chinese teaching hospital: a molecular epidemiological study.
The study identified the presence of multiple AMR genes, including blaOXA-232, blaCTX-M-15, blaSHV-28, fosA, oqxA, oqxB, tet(E), AAC(6')-Ib, APH(3'')-Ib, APH(6)-Id, TEM-1, sul2, QnrB17, QnrB1, dfrA14, arr-2, AAC(6')-Ib9, and rmtF, in OXA-232-producing CRKP isolates from a hospital outbreak in China.
First Isolation and Identification of Aeromonas veronii in a Captive Giant Panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca).
The study identifies 31 antibiotic resistance genes in Aeromonas veronii strain VGP, including aac, tetA-02, tnpA-05, aacC, and aadA2-02, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as aminoglycosides, tetracycline, and others. The strain was found to be resistant to six antibiotics: penicillin, ampicillin, oxacillin, amoxicillin, imipenem, and vancomycin.
Genetic characteristics, antimicrobial susceptibility, and virulence genes distribution of Campylobacter isolated from local dual-purpose chickens in central China.
The study identified the gyrA T86I mutation and tet(O) as the most prevalent resistance mechanisms in Campylobacter isolates from local dual-purpose chickens in central China, with high resistance rates to ciprofloxacin and tetracycline.
Characterization of a Tigecycline-, Linezolid- and Vancomycin-Resistant Clinical Enteroccoccus faecium Isolate, Carrying vanA and vanB Genes.
The study identifies the presence of vanA and vanB genes, along with poxtA, fexB, tet(M), and tet(L) in a multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolate, highlighting the coexistence of multiple resistance mechanisms.
Domestically Acquired NDM-1-Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Southern California, USA, 2023
The study reports a case of domestically acquired NDM-1-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a transplant patient in southern California, highlighting the presence of multiple resistance genes including blaNDM-1, blaOXA-10, blaOXA-488, blaPDC-35, blaPME-1, aac(6')-Ib9, ant(3”)-IIa, aph(3′)-IIb, aph(3′)-VIa, catB3, catB7, cmlA9, fosA, tet(D), and sul1.
Genomic Insights into Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococci and Mammaliicocci from Bulk Tank Milk of Dairy Farms in Serbia.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in methicillin-resistant staphylococci and mammaliicocci from bulk tank milk, highlighting their role as potential reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes.
Phenotypic and genomic characterization of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates recovered from catheter-associated urinary tract infections in an Egyptian hospital.
The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from catheter-associated urinary tract infections in Egypt, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, quinolone resistance proteins, and efflux pump systems. Additionally, a pBT2436-like megaplasmid was detected, which contributes to multidrug resistance.
Identification and characterization of a novel 6'-N-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase AAC(6')-Va from a clinical isolate of Aeromonas hydrophila.
The study identifies and characterizes a novel aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase, AAC(6')-Va, from a clinical isolate of Aeromonas hydrophila, which confers resistance to several aminoglycosides, particularly ribostamycin.
Significant increase in the prevalence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, particularly the USA300 variant ΨUSA300, in the Japanese community.
The study found a significant increase in the prevalence of PVL-positive MRSA, particularly the USA300 variant ΨUSA300, in the Japanese community. ΨUSA300 was associated with deep-seated SSTIs and showed distinct antimicrobial resistance profiles compared to USA300.
Gentamicin at sub-inhibitory concentrations selects for antibiotic resistance in the environment.
The study identifies a gentamicin resistance gene, aac(6')-Ib8, in a partial genome reconstruction of Limnohabitans, demonstrating that sub-inhibitory concentrations of gentamicin can select for antibiotic resistance in environmental bacterial communities.
Development of a portable on-site applicable metagenomic data generation workflow for enhanced pathogen and antimicrobial resistance surveillance.
The study characterizes several antimicrobial resistance genes, including tet(W), tet(Q), mdf(A), erm(B), lsa(A), and aac(6')-Iaa, through the use of a spiked-in mock community and long-read sequencing.
Characterization of Salmonella enterica serovar Isangi from South Africa, 2020-2021.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in Salmonella Isangi isolates, including ESBL genes like bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-22, bla CTX-M-3, and others, as well as plasmid-mediated AmpC genes like bla DHA-1 and bla NDM-1. Resistance to multiple antibiotics was observed, highlighting the need for continued monitoring of AMR in this serovar.
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Staphylococcus Species Isolated from Diabetic Foot Ulcers and Healthy Skin
The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes in Staphylococcus species isolated from diabetic foot ulcers and healthy skin, highlighting the prevalence of resistance to beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, macrolides, tetracyclines, fusidic acid, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, fosfomycin, kanamycin, neomycin, and quaternary ammonium compounds.
Investigation of antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic diversity among Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolated from dogs in Rio de Janeiro.
The study identified 21 resistance determinants in MRSP and MSSP strains of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, including genes such as blaZ, sdrM, norA, fosB, ykkcd, sepA, aac(6')-aph(2''), dfrG, aph(3')-III, ant(6)-Ia, sat4, erm(B), aad(6), tet(M), cat(pC221), qacG, tet(K), and qacJ, which confer resistance to various antimicrobials.
Genotype diversity and antibiotic resistance risk in Aeromonas hydrophila in Sichuan, China.
The study identified 63 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in Aeromonas hydrophila isolates from Sichuan, China, highlighting the presence of genes encoding beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, efflux pumps, and mobile genetic elements, indicating a high level of antibiotic resistance.
Serratia marcescens enzyme SME-2 isolated from sputum in New Zealand.
The study reports the first isolation of SME-2-producing S. marcescens in New Zealand, highlighting its resistance to carbapenems and the presence of additional resistance mechanisms such as aac(6')-Ic.
Genomic and proteomic analysis of Salmonella Enteritidis isolated from a patient with foodborne diarrhea.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in the Salmonella Enteritidis strain 31A, including blaTEM-194, aac(6')-Iaa, aph(3")-Ib, and sul2, which confer resistance to beta-lactam, aminoglycoside, and sulfonamide antibiotics.
The fate of antibiotic resistance genes during anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge with ultrasonic pretreatment.
The study investigated the effect of ultrasonic pretreatment on the fate of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) during anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge. It found that ultrasonic pretreatment significantly reduced the relative abundance of ARGs and MGEs, with 60 minutes of pretreatment achieving the highest removal rate of 41.70% for total ARGs.
Serovars, Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Genes of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Strains from Dairy Systems in Mexico.
High Diversity but Monodominance of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Immunocompromised Pediatric Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Developing GVHD Are Not Associated with Changes in Gut Mycobiome.
The study identifies multiple multidrug-resistant bacteria, including Enterococcus faecium and Klebsiella pneumoniae, carrying various resistance genes such as msr(C), erm(T), aac(6')-li, dfrG, ant(6)-la, aph(3")-Ib, sul2, and aph(6)-ld, which confer resistance to multiple antibiotics.
Genomic characterization of Salmonella isolated from retail chicken and humans with diarrhea in Qingdao, China.
The study identified 79 antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in Salmonella isolates from retail chicken and humans with diarrhea in Qingdao, China, including aac(6')-Iaa, bla TEM-1B, tet(A), aph(6)-Id, aph(3")-Ib, sul2, floR, qnrS1, bla NDM-1, mcr-1.1, and mcr-9.1. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, chloramphenicol, fluoroquinolones, carbapenems, and colistin.
Mechanism for transmission and pathogenesis of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales harboring the carbapenemase IMP and clinical countermeasures.
The study identifies blaIMP-4 and blaIMP-26 as carbapenemase genes responsible for carbapenem resistance in Enterobacterales. Additionally, various other AMR genes such as aac(6')-lb3, armAC, aph(3'')-lb, aph(6)-ld, aadA5, aac(6')-llc, aac(3)-IId, dfrA19, dfrA1, sul1, tet(D), tet(A), qnrS1, qnrB4, msr(E), mph(E), ere(A), mph(A), mcr-9, and ARR-3 were characterized for their roles in resistance to different antibiotics.
Mechanism for transmission and pathogenesis of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales harboring the carbapenemase IMP and clinical countermeasures.
The study identifies blaIMP-4 and blaIMP-26 as carbapenemase genes responsible for carbapenem resistance in Enterobacterales. Additionally, various other AMR genes such as aac(6')-lb3, armAC, aph(3'')-lb, aph(6)-ld, aadA5, aac(6')-llc, aac(3)-IId, dfrA19, dfrA1, sul1, tet(D), tet(A), qnrS1, qnrB4, msr(E), mph(E), ere(A), mph(A), mcr-9, and ARR-3 were characterized for their roles in resistance to different antibiotics.
Prevalence of Salmonella in Eggs from Conventional and Cage-Free Egg Production Systems and the Role of Consumers in Reducing Household Contamination.
Two Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis isolates from cage-free egg production systems were found to carry the aac(6')-Iaa gene and a mutation in the gyrA gene, conferring resistance to tobramycin, amikacin, and nalidixic acid.
Pathogenic Potential and Antibiotic Susceptibility: A Comprehensive Study of Enterococci from Different Ecological Settings.
The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in Enterococcus isolates, including ermB (macrolide resistance), vanA (glycopeptide resistance), aphA3 (aminoglycoside resistance), aac6′-aph2″ (aminoglycoside resistance), and cat pIP501 (chloramphenicol resistance).
Rare serovars of non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica isolated from humans, beef cattle and abattoir environments in Nigeria.
Short-duration selective decontamination of the digestive tract infection control does not contribute to increased antimicrobial resistance burden in a pilot cluster randomised trial (the ARCTIC Study).
The study found no significant increase in clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance gene burden in critically ill children treated with SDD-enhanced infection control compared to standard care.
Characterization of the resistome and predominant genetic lineages of Gram-positive bacteria causing keratitis.
The study characterizes the resistome of Gram-positive bacteria causing keratitis, identifying several AMR genes and mutations associated with resistance to antibiotics such as macrolides, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, and fluoroquinolones. Key findings include the prevalence of ermA, ermB, ermC, mphC, msrA, msrD, mecA, ant(9)-Ia, ant(4′)-Ib, aac(6′)-aph(2″), aph(3′)-III, fosB, tetK, tetM, dfrG, dfrC, and dfrE genes, along with mutations in gyrA and parC contributing to fluoroquinolone resistance.
Phenotypic and genetic characterization of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis isolates from humans and animals in Spain from 2006 to 2021.
The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations in Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis isolates from humans and animals in Spain, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains and the role of plasmids in the dissemination of resistance mechanisms.
Polymyxin Resistance in Salmonella: Exploring Mutations and Genetic Determinants of Non-Human Isolates.
The study identified mutations in pmrA, pmrB, phoP, and phoQ associated with polymyxin resistance in Salmonella isolates, as well as other resistance genes such as aac(6')-Iaa, blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M-2, blaCMY-2, qnrB19, qnrS1, oqxA, and oqxB.
Genetic Diversity of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica Serovar Enteritidis from Human and Non-Human Sources in Portugal.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis isolates from human and non-human sources in Portugal, including blaTEM-1A, blaTEM-1B, blaCMY-2, aac(6')-Iaa, sul1, and aaDA1, as well as mutations in gyrA associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Genomic Features and Phylogenetic Analysis of Antimicrobial-Resistant Salmonella Mbandaka ST413 Strains.
The study identified nine resistance genes, including aac(6')-Iaa, sul1, qacE, blaOXA-129, tet(B), and aadA1, as well as a point mutation in ParC (T57S) associated with quinolone resistance in Salmonella Mbandaka ST413 strains.
Genomic epidemiology of the primary methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clones causing invasive infections in Paraguayan children.
The study identified several AMR genes in MRSA isolates causing invasive infections in Paraguayan children, including mecA, blaZ, ermC, aac(6')-aph(2"), tet(38), cat(pC221), fos-B-Saur, and rphC, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as methicillin, penicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin, gentamicin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and rifampin.
Isolation, Identification, Antimicrobial Resistance, Genotyping, and Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis of Salmonella Enteritidis Isolated from a Food-Poisoning Incident.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella Enteritidis strain 21A, including aac(6')-Iaa, blaTEM-1, qnrB, floR, tetA, sul1, and sul2, which conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, quinolones, tetracyclines, and sulfonamides.
Gut diversity and the resistome as biomarkers of febrile neutropenia outcome in paediatric oncology patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
The study identifies several antibiotic-resistance genes associated with febrile neutropenia in pediatric oncology patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, including msr(C), dfrG, erm(T), VanHAX, aac(6')-Ib, aph(3')-III, ant(6)-Ia, and aac(6')-Ii.
Gut diversity and the resistome as biomarkers of febrile neutropenia outcome in paediatric oncology patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
The study identifies several antibiotic-resistance genes associated with febrile neutropenia in pediatric oncology patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, including msr(C), dfrG, erm(T), VanHAX, aac(6')-Ib, aph(3')-III, ant(6)-Ia, and aac(6')-Ii.
Genomic analysis of clinical Aeromonas isolates reveals genetic diversity but little evidence of genetic determinants for diarrhoeal disease.
The study identifies a high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in Aeromonas isolates from children with moderate-to-severe diarrhea (MSD) in Karachi, Pakistan. Key AMR genes include beta-lactamases (blaCMY-1, oxa-12, cphA2, mox), sulfonamide resistance (sul1), aminoglycoside resistance (aac(6')-lld), and tetracycline resistance (tetE).
Genetic Diversification and Resistome of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci from Nostrils of Healthy Dogs and Dog-Owners in La Rioja, Spain.
The study identified various AMR genes including blaZ, mecA, erm(A), erm(C), erm(T), mph(C), msr(A), vga(A), lsaB, ant4′, aac6′-aph2″, tet(K), tet(M), dfrA, dfrG, catPC221, and mupA in CoNS isolates from healthy dogs and dog-owners. Additionally, a linezolid-resistant S. epidermidis isolate was found to have multiple amino acid substitutions in 50S ribosomal proteins L3 and L4.
Genetic Characteristics of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Salmonella Isolated from Retail Meats in South Korea.
The study identified blaCTX-M-15, tet(A), and aac(6')-Iaa as the primary AMR genes in ESBL-Sal strains isolated from retail meats in South Korea, contributing to resistance against beta-lactams, tetracycline, and aminoglycosides.
Genomic analysis of Salmonella isolated from canal water in Bangkok, Thailand.
The study identified 35 AMR genes and 30 chromosomal-mediated gene mutations in Salmonella strains from Bangkok canal water, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains with resistance to various antimicrobial classes.
Persistent Colonization of Ciprofloxacin-Resistant and Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Salmonella enterica Serovar Kentucky ST198 in a Patient with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
The study characterizes three ciprofloxacin-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky ST198 strains from a single patient with inflammatory bowel disease, highlighting their multidrug-resistant profile and potential epidemiological links to strains from chicken meat.
Multidrug-resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in residential aged care facilities: An emerging threat.
The study identifies blaL1 and blaL2 beta-lactamase genes, eptA1 and eptA2 phosphoethanolamine transferases, and other resistance mechanisms in multidrug-resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates from residential aged care facilities.
Multidrug-resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in residential aged care facilities: An emerging threat.
The study identifies blaL1 and blaL2 beta-lactamase genes, eptA1 and eptA2 phosphoethanolamine transferases, and other resistance mechanisms in multidrug-resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia isolates from residential aged care facilities.
Antimicrobial susceptibility and resistome of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in Taiwan: a next-generation sequencing analysis.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolates from Taiwan, including aminoglycoside, tetracycline, beta-lactam, macrolide, and phenicol resistance genes, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug resistance.
Streptococcus suis serotype 4: a population with the potential pathogenicity in humans and pigs.
The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes in Streptococcus suis serotype 4, including genes conferring resistance to tetracyclines, macrolides, lincosamides, aminoglycosides, oxazolidinones, and chloramphenicol. Prophages were identified as the primary vehicle for the dissemination of these resistance genes.
Genomic characterization of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients admitted to intensive care units of a tertiary care hospital: epidemiological risk of nasal carriage of virulent clone during admission.
The study identified several AMR genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from ICU patients, including aac(6')-aph(2''), ant(9)-Ia, erm(A), tet(M), qacB, and fosD, which confer resistance to various antibiotics.
Genomic insights into the diversity, virulence, and antimicrobial resistance of group B Streptococcus clinical isolates from Saudi Arabia.
The study identified several AMR genes including erm(B), erm(A), lsa(C), mef(A), tet(M), tet(O), aac(6')-aph(2''), ant(6)-Ia, aph(3')-III, and aadE in GBS isolates from Saudi Arabia, highlighting the prevalence of resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, tetracycline, and aminoglycosides.
Molecular detection of multidrug and methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from wild pigeons (Columba livia) in South Africa.
The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes, including mecA, tetM, aac(6')-aph(2"), ermC, and blaZ, in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from wild pigeons in South Africa, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant and methicillin-resistant S. aureus in the environment.
Proteomic assay for rapid characterisation of Staphylococcus aureus antimicrobial resistance mechanisms directly from blood cultures.
The study presents a rapid proteomic method using LC-MS/MS to detect and quantify key antimicrobial resistance effectors in Staphylococcus aureus directly from blood cultures, achieving high agreement rates for PBP2a, PBP2c, APH(3')-III, ANT(4')-I, and AAC(6')-APH(2'').
Evaluation of Antimicrobial Resistancein Clinical Isolates of Enterococcus spp. Obtained from Hospital Patients in Latvia.
The study identifies several AMR genes and mutations in Enterococcus isolates, including vanB for vancomycin resistance, lsaA, lsaE, lnuB for lincosamide resistance, tetM and tetL for tetracycline resistance, aac6'-Ii, aac6'-aph2'', aph3'-III, and ant6-Ia for aminoglycoside resistance, msrC, ermB, and ermT for macrolide resistance, and mutations in gyrA, parC, pbp5, and 23S rRNA for fluoroquinolone, penicillin, and linezolid resistance.
Displacement of Hospital-Acquired, Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clones by Heterogeneous Community Strains in Kenya over a 13-Year Period.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in MRSA strains from Kenya, including aac(6')-aph(2''), dfrG, tetK, gyrA (S84L), and grlA (S80Y), indicating resistance to aminoglycosides, trimethoprim, tetracycline, and fluoroquinolones.
Emergence of Carbapenem-resistant Clinical Isolates of Providencia Species.
The study identifies blaIMP-70, blaIMP-1, and blaIMP-11 as carbapenem resistance genes in Providencia species isolates, along with aac(6')-Ib4 and aac(6')-Iae for aminoglycoside resistance. Mutations in gyrA and parC contribute to quinolone resistance.
Genomic characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients attending regional referral hospitals in Tanzania.
The study identifies the presence of various AMR genes in MRSA isolates from Tanzanian regional hospitals, including blaZ, erm(C), aac(6')-aph(2''), and tet(K). These genes contribute to resistance against beta-lactams, macrolides, aminoglycosides, and tetracyclines, highlighting the complexity of resistance profiles in MRSA.
Nitrogen-Containing Flavonoids-Preparation and Biological Activity.
The study identified that quercetin and luteolin derivatives can modulate bacterial resistance to antibiotics, particularly by targeting the ermA gene encoding a ribosomal methyltransferase in Staphylococcus aureus, thereby reducing erythromycin resistance.
Effective biofilm eradication in MRSA isolates with aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme genes using high-concentration and prolonged gentamicin treatment.
The study identifies the aac(6′)-aph(2″) and ant(4′)-IA genes as key contributors to gentamicin resistance in MRSA isolates, highlighting their impact on MIC and MBEC values. High-concentration gentamicin treatment was found to be effective in eradicating MRSA biofilms, even in strains with high MBEC values.
Genomic profiling of pan-drug resistant proteus mirabilis Isolates reveals antimicrobial resistance and virulence gene landscape.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in pan-drug resistant Proteus mirabilis isolates, including genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, and others. These genes were found on the chromosome and contributed to the isolates' resistance to various antibiotic classes.
Evaluation of an expanded antibiotic resistance gene panel on prediction of antimicrobial susceptibility results for Gram-negative bacteria in blood cultures.
The study evaluated the QIAstat-Dx BCID panel for detecting antibiotic resistance genes in Gram-negative bacteria from blood cultures. It found that the panel effectively identified several resistance genes, including bla CTX-M, bla KPC, bla NDM, and others, which are crucial for predicting antimicrobial susceptibility. The panel showed high sensitivity and specificity for identifying resistance genes and predicting susceptibility, especially for beta-lactam antibiotics.
Genome-Based Analysis of Genetic Diversity, Antimicrobial Susceptibility, and Virulence Gene Distribution in Salmonella Pullorum Isolates from Poultry in China.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella Pullorum isolates from China, including aac(6')-Iaa, aadA5, blaTEM1β, sul2, tet(A), and qacE, as well as gyrA mutations (S83F, S84F, D87N), which are associated with resistance to streptomycin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, and disinfectants.
Evaluation of the QIAstat-Dx BCID GN and GPF kits for direct identification and antimicrobial resistance prediction from blood culture bottles.
The QIAstat-Dx BCID GN and GPF kits showed high accuracy in detecting AMR genes such as blaZ, mecA, ermC, aac(6')-lb, ctx-m, ampC, shv, tem, tetM, and aac(6')/aph(2") in various bacteria, correlating well with phenotypic resistance results.
Evaluation of the QIAstat-Dx BCID GN and GPF kits for direct identification and antimicrobial resistance prediction from blood culture bottles.
The QIAstat-Dx BCID GN and GPF kits showed high accuracy in detecting AMR genes such as blaZ, mecA, ermC, aac(6')-lb, ctx-m, ampC, shv, tem, tetM, and aac(6')/aph(2") in various bacteria, correlating well with phenotypic resistance results.
Microplastic diversity increases the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes in soil.
The study shows that increasing microplastic diversity in soil leads to a significant increase in the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), including those conferring resistance to aminoglycosides, macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin, florfenicol, and tetracycline.
Microplastic diversity increases the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes in soil.
The study shows that increasing microplastic diversity in soil leads to a significant increase in the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), including those conferring resistance to aminoglycosides, macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin, florfenicol, and tetracycline.
Detection and genetic characterization of multidrug-resistant staphylococci isolated from public areas in an international airport.
The study identified multiple multidrug-resistant staphylococci, including methicillin-resistant S. haemolyticus, S. epidermidis, and a livestock-associated MRSA (LA-MRSA) strain, carrying various resistance genes such as mecA, blaZ, erm(C), aac(6')-aph(2''), and others, highlighting the presence of AMR in public environments.
Microbiology and management of Staphylococcus aureus lacrimal system infections: A 10-year retrospective study.
The study identified mecA as the gene conferring methicillin resistance and aac(6')-aph(2") as the gene responsible for gentamicin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from lacrimal system infections.
Comparative genomics analysis of Salmonella Enteritidis isolated from clinical cases associated with chicken.
Five Salmonella Enteritidis isolates were analyzed, revealing multiple antimicrobial resistance genes and chromosomal mutations. Key resistance genes included bla CTX−M−55, bla TEM−141, bla TEM−1B, aac(6')-Iaa, aph(3’)-IIa, aph(3’’)-Ib, aph(6)-Id, tet(A), floR, fosA3, and sul2. Chromosomal mutations in gyrA (D87G/D87Y) and acrB (F28L/L40P) were also identified, contributing to fluoroquinolone and multidrug resistance.
The association between the genetic structures of commonly incompatible plasmids in Gram-negative bacteria, their distribution and the resistance genes.
The study characterizes various resistance genes carried by incompatible plasmids in Gram-negative bacteria, highlighting their role in the spread of antibiotic resistance. Key genes include beta-lactamases like bla VIM-1, bla SHV-12, bla TEM-1B, and bla CTX-M-15, as well as sulfonamide resistance genes sul1 and sul2, tetracycline resistance gene tetA, and polymyxin resistance gene mcr-1.
Prevalence, detection of virulence genes and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolated from arbor acres broilers feeding cycle in China.
The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in E. coli isolates from broiler chickens, including floR, qnrS, mcr-1, aadE-Sat4-aphA-3, blaNDM, and aac(6')-lb. These genes were associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as florfenicol, ciprofloxacin, colistin, kanamycin, gentamicin, ampicillin, ceftiofur, and meropenem.
The healthy human gut can take it all: vancomycin-variable, linezolid-resistant strains and specific bacteriocin-species interplay in Enterococcus spp.
The study identifies linezolid resistance genes optrA and poxtA in Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus thailandicus isolates, along with a vancomycin-variable E. faecium strain. It also reveals the increasing prevalence of E. lactis in the healthy human gut and the complex interplay of bacteriocin gene profiles among Enterococcus species.
Screening and Genomic Profiling of Antimicrobial Bacteria Sourced from Poultry Slaughterhouse Effluents: Bacteriocin Production and Safety Evaluation.
The study identified several bacteriocin gene clusters, including a novel class IId bacteriocin, lactococcin P1A (LcnP1A), in L. lactis SWD9. Additionally, various bacteriocins such as enterocin A, enterocin B, and garvieacin Q were characterized in different bacterial isolates.
Antibiotic Resistance in Mammalian Wild Game: A Meta-Analysis
The study presents a comprehensive meta-analysis of antibiotic resistance in bacteria isolated from mammalian wild game, highlighting the prevalence of various AMR genes and mutations across different bacterial species.
Antibiotic Resistance in Mammalian Wild Game: A Meta-Analysis
The study presents a comprehensive meta-analysis of antibiotic resistance in bacteria isolated from mammalian wild game, highlighting the prevalence of various AMR genes and mutations across different bacterial species.
Whole-genome sequencing-based characterization of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis and Kentucky isolated from laying hens in northwest of Iran, 2022-2023.
The study identified the presence of a multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky ST198 clone with high-level ciprofloxacin resistance due to double mutations in gyrA (S83F, D87N) and parC (T57S, S80I) genes. The aminoglycoside resistance gene aac(6′)-Iaa was the most frequently detected gene, but it did not confer resistance to aminoglycosides. Other resistance genes included tetA, floR, sul1, dfrA1, and aph(3′)-Ia.
Dynamics of Salmonella Dublin infection and antimicrobial resistance in a dairy herd endemic to salmonellosis.
The study identified the presence of florR and cmlA1 genes responsible for phenicol resistance, and blaTEM-1A associated with beta-lactam resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Dublin isolates from cattle in California.
Bayesian phylogeographic analysis infers cross-border transmission dynamics of drug-resistant Salmonella Enteritidis.
The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella Enteritidis isolates from various regions, highlighting the cross-border transmission of drug-resistant strains and the significance of international food trade in spreading antimicrobial resistance.
Prophages are infrequently associated with antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates.
The study identifies aadA and AAC(6')-Ib9 as genes associated with increased tobramycin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates, although prophages themselves do not directly encode AMR genes.
Genetic characterization and in silico serotyping of 62 Salmonella enterica isolated from Korean poultry operations.
Phenotypic and in silico characterization of carbapenem-resistant Serratia marcescens clinical strains.
The study identified carbapenem-resistant Serratia marcescens clinical strains with resistance genes bla STR-2, aac(6')-Ic, and fos, contributing to multidrug resistance.
Circulation of a Unique Klebsiella pneumoniae Clone, ST147 NDM-1/OXA-48, in Two Diverse Hospitals in Calabria (Italy).
The study identifies multiple AMR genes, including bla OXA-48, bla NDM-1, bla CTX-M-15, and bla SHV, in K. pneumoniae strains from two hospitals in Calabria, Italy, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant clones.
Genotypic and phenotypic analyses of two distinct sets of Pseudomonas aeruginosa urinary tract isolates.
The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in P. aeruginosa UTI isolates from the UK and Kuwait, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains, especially in Kuwaiti isolates. Key AMR genes included aac(3)-IV, aph(3')-Ib, aph(3')-IIb, aph(4)-Ia, aph(6)-Id, crpP, dfrB1, aac(6')-Ib7, aac(6')-ii, aaA61, blaPDC, and blaVIM-28. Mutations in gyrA were also found to contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance.
Genotypic and phenotypic analyses of two distinct sets of Pseudomonas aeruginosa urinary tract isolates.
The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in P. aeruginosa UTI isolates from the UK and Kuwait, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains, especially in Kuwaiti isolates. Key AMR genes included aac(3)-IV, aph(3')-Ib, aph(3')-IIb, aph(4)-Ia, aph(6)-Id, crpP, dfrB1, aac(6')-Ib7, aac(6')-ii, aaA61, blaPDC, and blaVIM-28. Mutations in gyrA were also found to contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance.
Epidemic trend of Salmonella from swines and broilers in China from 2014 to 2023 and genetic evolution analysis of ESBLs-producing strains.
The study identified several AMR genes in ESBL-producing Salmonella strains from swines and broilers in China, including blaCTX-M-14, blaTEM-1B, blaCTX-M-65, aac(6')-Iaa, floR, sul2, tet(B), arr-2, fosA3, dfrA12, mph(A), lnu(F), blaCTX-M-55, blaOXA-1, sul1, tet(A), catB3, qnrS1, and mcr-1.1. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, rifampicin, fosfomycin, trimethoprim, macrolides, lincomycin, quinolones, and colistin.
aac(6')-Iaq, a novel aminoglycoside acetyltransferase gene identified from an animal isolate Brucella intermedia DW0551.
A novel aminoglycoside resistance gene, aac(6')-Iaq, was identified in Brucella intermedia DW0551, which confers resistance to multiple aminoglycosides including netilmicin, sisomicin, amikacin, kanamycin, gentamicin, tobramycin, and ribostamycin.
Phenotypic and Genomic Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Factors Determinants in Salmonella Heidelberg Isolated from Broiler Chickens.
The study identified high levels of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella Heidelberg strains from broiler chickens in Brazil, with resistance genes tet(A), sul2, fosA7, and aac(6')-Iaa, and mutations in gyrA and parC associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Providencia pseudovermicola sp. nov.: redefining Providencia vermicola and unveiling multidrug-resistant strains from diabetic foot ulcers in Egypt.
The study identifies multiple multidrug-resistant genes in Providencia pseudovermicola sp. nov., including bla CTX-M-14, bla CMY-6, bla NDM-1, qnrD1, aadA, armA, msrE, mphE, lnuF, rmtC, aac(6')-Ib10, sul1, aph(3')-Ia, qacEΔ1, and dfrA1, highlighting the significance of these genes in conferring resistance to various antibiotics.
Wild Birds as Drivers of Salmonella Braenderup and Multidrug Resistant Bacteria in Wetlands of Northern Italy.
The study identifies several AMR genes in bacterial isolates from wild aquatic birds in Northern Italy, including beta-lactamases (blaTEM, blaCMY-1, blaCMY-2, blaNDM, blaKPC), colistin resistance genes (mcr-2, mcr-3, mcr-4), tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetB, tetC, tetL, tetM, tetK), macrolide resistance genes (ermB, vatD, vgA, msrC), vancomycin resistance genes (vanC1, vanC2, vanM, vanG), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2, sul3), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac(3), aac(6')-Ib, aph(3')-Ia, armA, rmtB, rmtC, rmtF), and nitrofurantoin resistance genes (nfsA, nfsB).
Simultaneous detection of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes with the open source, cloud-based, CZ ID platform.
The study highlights the integration of pathogen detection and AMR profiling using the CZ ID platform, demonstrating the ability to detect various AMR genes such as bla, aac(6')-Ic, mecA, mcr, blaCTX-M, blaNDM, blaKPC, and ampC in clinical and environmental samples.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Nigeria: A Comprehensive Review of Environmental, Food, and Clinical Impacts
The study identifies several AMR genes, including bla CTX-M-15, floR, and various tetracycline and sulfonamide resistance genes, highlighting the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria in Nigeria's environment, food supply chain, and clinical settings.
MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION AND DETECTION OF MULTIDRUGRESISTANT GENE IN BACTERIAL ISOLATES CAUSING LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS (LRTI) AMONG HIV/AIDS PATIENTS ON HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY (HAART) IN UYO, SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA.
The study identified CTX-M, KPC, aac, and MecA resistance genes in bacterial isolates causing LRTIs in HIV/AIDS patients, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug-resistant pathogens.
Antimicrobial resistance and molecular characteristics of bovine mastitis-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: potential for cross-species transmission of ST59-MRSA.
The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from bovine mastitis, including erm(B), erm(C), tet(L), tet(K), mecA, fexA, aac(6')-aph(2''), ant(4')-Ia, ant(6)-Ia, and aph(2'')-Ia. These genes were associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as erythromycin, tetracycline, penicillin, oxacillin, cefoxitin, florfenicol, and gentamicin.
Unravelling the Persistence of the Rare Serovar Salmonella Mikawasima in a Hospital Setting: A Whole-Genome Sequencing Study.
The study identifies aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac(6')-Iaa, aac(6')-Im, aph(2")-Ib), beta-lactamase genes (bla TEM-1B, bla SHV-2), and the tetracycline resistance gene tet(D) in Salmonella Mikawasima isolates, highlighting multidrug resistance in hospital settings.
First characterization of the resistome, virulome and genomic diversity of Salmonella enterica serovar Inganda: a rare, clinically-related and drug susceptible serovar.
The characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus co-infection in COVID-19 pneumonia.
The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes in MRSA isolates from patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and MRSA pneumonia without COVID-19, including aac(6')-aph(2''), aph(2'')-Ia, aph(3')-III, aadD, ermA, ermB, ermC, tetM, tetK, mupA, and tst. No significant differences in antimicrobial resistance genes were observed between the two groups.
The transfer of antibiotic resistance genes between evolutionarily distant bacteria.
The study identifies numerous inter-phylum transfers of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) across various bacterial phyla, highlighting the widespread nature of these transfers and their potential implications for the spread of multidrug resistance.
Rapid identification of a Serratia marcescens outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit by third-generation long-read nanopore sequencing.
The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes in Serratia marcescens isolates, including aac(6'), sdeY, sdeB, smfY, blaSRT, tet(41), blaSHV, and tet(D). These genes contribute to resistance against various antibiotics, highlighting the complexity of the outbreak's genetic profile.
High-throughput clinical antimicrobial susceptibility testing and drug-resistant subpopulation detection in Gram-negative bacteria.
The study introduces the EZMTT method for enhanced detection of drug-resistant subpopulations in Gram-negative bacteria, showing superior sensitivity compared to conventional methods like BMD and VITEK. It identifies specific resistance genes such as bla in clinical isolates.
Genomic insights into antibiotic-resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from outpatients in Minhang District in Shanghai.
The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes and mutations in non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from Minhang District, Shanghai, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains and the role of specific genetic elements in resistance mechanisms.
Comprehensive analysis of Enterococcus spp. from two European healthy infant cohorts shows stable genomic traits including antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
The study identified a range of antimicrobial resistance genes in Enterococcus spp. from two European infant cohorts, including aac(6')-aph(2"), vanC, and tet(M). These genes were associated with resistance to gentamicin, vancomycin, and tetracycline, respectively.
Characterization of the Diversity in Host Range of an Extensively Drug-Resistant (XDR) Type IV Secretion System-Encoding Plasmid in Acinetobacter.
The study characterizes the XDR plasmid p1AB5075, which harbors multiple antibiotic resistance genes, including blaGES-11, aac(6')-Ib10, ant(2")-Ia, aadA2, aph(3")-Ib, aph(6)-Id, cmlA1, dfrA7, sul1, and qacEΔ1, conferring resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim, and sulfonamides. The plasmid was successfully transferred to genetically diverse Acinetobacter strains, highlighting its potential for spreading resistance.
Establishing Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M45 antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods and breakpoints for Pseudomonas other than Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
The study established tentative CLSI M45 antimicrobial susceptibility testing breakpoints for Pseudomonas other than Pseudomonas aeruginosa (POPA). It identified various beta-lactamase genes, including metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs) such as bla POM-1, bla POM-2, bla PAM-1, bla PST-1, bla VIM-2, bla CARB-2, bla DHA-1, and bla IMP-13, which confer resistance to carbapenems. Additionally, multidrug-resistant efflux pumps like ttgABC and tmexCD-toprJ were found to contribute to carbapenem resistance. Other resistance genes for aminoglycosides, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, quaternary ammonium compounds, chloramphenicol, and fluoroquinolones were also detected.
Genomic analysis of contaminant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, from placental swab culture, carrying antibiotic resistance: a potential hospital laboratory contaminant.
The study identified six antibiotic resistance genes in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia RAOG732, including aac(6')-Iz, aac(6')-Ib7, aph(3')-IIc, oqxB, sul1, and blaL1, which conferred resistance to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, folate synthesis inhibitors, and beta-lactams.
Genomic insights into multidrug - resistant Salmonella enterica isolates from pet dogs and cats.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica isolates from pet dogs and cats, including aac(6')-Iaa, aadA1, aadA2, blaTEM-1B, qacL, sul3, tet(A), qnrS1, fosA7, dfrA12, cmlA1, aph(3')-Ib, aph(6)-Id, blaCTX-M-55, blaTEM-215, and floR, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and chloramphenicol.
Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica isolated from cattle farms in Inner Mongolia.
The study identified several AMR genes in Salmonella enterica isolates from Inner Mongolia, including bla TEM-1, cmlA, tetA, tetB, tetM, aadA2, aph(3')-IIa, aacC4, aac(3)-IIa, sul1, sul3, oqxA, and oqxB, which confer resistance to beta-lactams, chloramphenicol, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, and quinolones.
Study of lug Operon, SCCmec Elements, Antimicrobial Resistance, MGEs, and STs of Staphylococcus lugdunensis Clinical Isolates Through Whole-Genome Sequencing.
The study identified several AMR genes, including mecA, blaZ, erm(A), aac(6')-aph(2"), aph(3')-III, ant(9)-Ia, and dfrG, in S. lugdunensis isolates, which conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as penicillins, oxacillin, erythromycin, clindamycin, aminoglycosides, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
Genomic insights into bacteriophages: a new frontier in AMR detection and phage therapy.
The paper discusses the identification of various AMR genes in Acinetobacter baumannii and other pathogens, highlighting their role in resistance to multiple antibiotics and the potential of phage therapy as an alternative treatment.
Unveiling the Genetic Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Salmonella Population From 2016 to 2020 in Thai Canal Water.
The study identified 50 acquired resistance genes and seven chromosomal-mediated gene mutations in Salmonella populations from Thai canal water, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains and the diversity of resistance mechanisms.
Genomic and clinical characterization of linezolid resistance in Enterococcus species from cancer patients in China.
The study identified the optrA gene as the primary mechanism of linezolid resistance in Enterococcus species from cancer patients in China, along with other resistance genes such as tet(M), erm(A), and erm(B).
Plasmid-driven clonal expansion of multidrug-resistant monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium in a Global Food Trade Hub.
The study identifies several AMR genes and mutations in multidrug-resistant Salmonella 1,4,[5],12:i:-, including aac(6')-Iaa, tet(B), blaTEM-1B, blaOXA-1, qnrS1, mcr-1.1, blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-55, blaNDM-5, and sul2, which contribute to resistance against various antibiotics.
Impact of early life antibiotic and probiotic treatment on gut microbiome and resistome of very-low-birth-weight preterm infants.
Probiotic supplementation reduced the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens in the gut of very-low-birth-weight preterm infants. The study also identified the colistin resistance gene mcr-9.1 and the aminoglycoside resistance gene aac6-aph2, demonstrating the potential for horizontal gene transfer of ARGs within the infant gut.
Integrated Whole-Genome Sequencing and In Silico Characterization of Salmonella Cerro and Schwarzengrund from Brazil.
The study identified the aac(6')-Iaa_1 gene associated with aminoglycoside resistance and the qnrB19_1 gene associated with quinolone resistance in Salmonella Cerro and Schwarzengrund isolates from food sources in Mato Grosso, Brazil.
Emergence of carbapenem-resistant Serratia marcescns co-harboring bla(NDM-1), bla(KPC-2), and bla(SRT-2) in bloodstream infection.
The study identifies the first case of a carbapenem-resistant Serratia marcescens strain co-harboring bla(NDM-1), bla(KPC-2), and bla(SRT-2) in China, highlighting the potential for horizontal gene transfer and the challenge of managing multidrug-resistant infections.
Antimicrobial resistance and plasmid-associated virulence genes in Salmonella isolated from pigs, pork, and humans in border provinces of Thailand and neighboring countries.
The study identified plasmid-associated virulence genes (spvBCD, pefABCD, rck, mig-5) and the beta-lactamase gene blaTEM-135 in Salmonella isolates from Thailand and neighboring countries. Additionally, a gyrA mutation (G259T) was found to confer resistance to nalidixic acid.
An NGS-assisted diagnostic workflow for culture-independent detection of bloodstream pathogens and prediction of antimicrobial resistances in sepsis.
The study evaluated the diagnostic performance of PISTE™ technology, an NGS-based workflow for detecting bloodstream pathogens and predicting antimicrobial resistance. It showed high accuracy in identifying pathogens and predicting resistance genes, including beta-lactamases, carbapenemases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, tetracycline efflux pumps, and quinolone resistance proteins.
Comprehensive genomic analysis of antibiotic resistance plasmids in animal-associated Staphylococcus aureus in France.
The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from animals, including blaZ, str, cat(pC221), tet(M), aac(6')-aph(2'), and dfrK, which were associated with plasmids and contributed to multidrug resistance.
Molecular epidemiology and antibiotic resistance of group B Streptococcus in pregnant women and neonates from Haikou, China: implications for vaccine development and antimicrobial stewardship.
The study identified high rates of tetracycline (89.1%) and clindamycin (55.1%) resistance in GBS strains from Haikou, China. Key resistance genes included mreA, ermB, tetM, catQ, cat(pC194), ant(6)-Ia, aph(3')-III, and aac(6')-aph(2'').
Dissemination dynamics of colistin resistance genes mcr-9 and mcr-10 across diverse Inc plasmid backbones.
The study characterizes the dissemination of colistin resistance genes mcr-9 and mcr-10 across diverse Inc plasmid backbones in Enterobacter species, highlighting their co-occurrence with other resistance genes and their global distribution.
Evaluating selection at intermediate scales within genes provides robust identification of genes under positive selection in M. tuberculosis clinical isolates.
The study identifies genes under positive selection in M. tuberculosis clinical isolates, including several known drug-resistance genes such as rpoB, gyrA, gidB, pncA, embB, and ubiA. It highlights the importance of analyzing selection at intermediate scales within genes for accurate identification of resistance-associated genes.
Surface water as a source of rare Salmonella enterica serovars in semiarid northeastern Brazil.
The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes in rare Salmonella enterica serovars isolated from surface water in semiarid northeastern Brazil, including mdsA, mdsB, aac(6')-Iaa, parC:p.T57S, qnrB19, and fosA7, which conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and fosfomycin.
Azithromycin resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella in an urban informal settlement in Nairobi, Kenya.
The study identified several AMR genes in nontyphoidal Salmonella isolates, including aac(6')-Iaa, aph(3")-Ib, aph(6)-Id, ant(3")-Ia, sul1, sul2, dfrA1, dfrA8, tetA, mph(A), bla CTX-M-3, bla TEM-135, bla TEM-1B, and bla TEM-1C. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, tetracycline, macrolides, and beta-lactams.
Unveiling meropenem resistance and co-resistance patterns in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii: a global genome analysis using ML/DL and association mining.
The study identified key AMR genes and mutations associated with meropenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii, including bla KPC−2, bla KPC−3, ble MBL, aac(6')-Ib9, bla OXA−23, and aac(6')-Ib7, as well as mutations in oqxA, kpnE, kpnG, tet(A), adeR, Abau_OprD_IPM, and Abau_gyrA_FLO.
Unveiling meropenem resistance and co-resistance patterns in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii: a global genome analysis using ML/DL and association mining.
The study identified key AMR genes and mutations associated with meropenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii, including bla KPC−2, bla KPC−3, ble MBL, aac(6')-Ib9, bla OXA−23, and aac(6')-Ib7, as well as mutations in oqxA, kpnE, kpnG, tet(A), adeR, Abau_OprD_IPM, and Abau_gyrA_FLO.
First nationwide survey on Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Bolivia: susceptibility profiles, resistome, and genomic epidemiology.
The study identified multiple carbapenemases, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, and 16S rRNA methyltransferases in multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Bolivia, highlighting the prevalence of high-risk clones and resistance mechanisms.
Emergence of Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 in Wild Birds, Brazil.
The study reports the first detection of livestock-associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 in wild birds in Brazil, highlighting the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant S. aureus in a protected Atlantic Forest fragment. The MRSA isolates exhibited a broad resistome, including genes for resistance to multiple antimicrobial classes.
Antimicrobial resistance and virulence profiling of waterfowl-derived Salmonella in Sichuan from 2021 to 2023.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in waterfowl-derived Salmonella isolates, including aac(6')-Iaa, bla_OXA-1, bla_CTX-M-65, catB3, sul2, fosA3, lnu(F), dfrA17, and cfr. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics, highlighting the multidrug resistance profile of the isolates.
Genomic insights into ST85 and ST158 belonging to recently emerged global clones of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from Egypt: in vitro assessment of repurposed drug-antibiotic combinations.
The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes, including blaOXA-23, aadA1, armA, aph(3')-VIa, aph(3')-Ia, and ant(3'')-IIa, in multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from Egypt.
Antimicrobial resistance and virulence gene patterns of Staphylococcus aureus in infectious mastitis: implications for inflammatory myopathies of the lactating breast.
The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from lactating patients with infectious mastitis, including aac(6')/aph(2"), blaZ, mecA, aph(3')-III, and qacA/B. These genes were associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as penicillin G, erythromycin, clindamycin, gentamicin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline.
Comparative assessment of annotation tools reveals critical antimicrobial resistance knowledge gaps in Klebsiella pneumoniae.
The study identifies various AMR genes and mutations in Klebsiella pneumoniae, highlighting knowledge gaps in existing annotation tools and databases for accurate resistance prediction.
Molecular epidemiology and geographical variation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: a multicentre study across Xinjiang, China.
The study identified several AMR genes in MRSA isolates from Xinjiang, China, including blaZ, ermB, aph(3')-III, aac(6')-aph(2''), ermC, tetM, and tetK, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as penicillin, oxacillin, erythromycin, clindamycin, kanamycin, tetracycline, and gentamicin.
Nanopore targeted sequencing in lower respiratory infections: a retrospective study on diagnostic applications, clinical characterization, and antimicrobial guidance.
The study identified 16 distinct AMR genes in 15 patients using NTS, highlighting the effectiveness of NTS in detecting resistance genes in ESKAPE pathogens.
Characterization of Enterobacter cloacae complex clinical isolates: comparative genomics and the role of the efflux pump AcrAB-TolC over-expression and NDM-1 production.
The study characterizes carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex isolates, highlighting the roles of the AcrAB-TolC efflux pump over-expression and the bla NDM-1 carbapenemase in conferring resistance. Multiple resistance genes, including bla NDM-1, acrAB-tolC, and various beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, and sulfonamide resistance genes, were identified and validated.
Global geographic and genomic epidemiology analysis of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli carrying bla(NDM-9).
The study characterizes bla NDM-9 -carrying carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CREC) and identifies various antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) contributing to multidrug resistance. It highlights the role of mobile genetic elements in the dissemination of bla NDM-9 and emphasizes the importance of surveillance for these high-risk clones.
Genetic insights into antimicrobial resistance and virulence characteristics of Salmonella enterica isolated from Nile tilapia sourced from retail markets in Thailand.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in Salmonella enterica isolates from Nile tilapia, including beta-lactamases (bla TEM−1B, bla CTX−M−55, bla CTX−M−14, bla LAP−2), quinolone resistance genes (qnrS1, qnrS13), tetracycline resistance genes (tet(A), tet(B), tet(M)), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aadA2, aph(3’’)-Ib, aph(6)-Id, aac(6’)-Ia), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2, sul3), florfenicol resistance gene (floR), and efflux pump systems (mdsABC, mdtK).
The prevalence and molecular epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile in hospital-based pediatric populations in China.
The study identified ermB as a major determinant of clindamycin resistance, gyrA T82I mutations as a key factor in moxifloxacin resistance, and tet(M) as a contributor to tetracycline resistance in C. difficile isolates from pediatric populations in China.
Distribution of Staphylococcus aureus drug resistance genes, biofilm formation and cell wall characteristics in dairy cattle from dairy farms in Northeast China.
The study identified various antibiotic resistance genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from dairy cattle in Northeast China, including tetM, aph(3')-III, ermC, aac(6')/aph(2'), grlB, gyrB, blaZ, and mecA, which confer resistance to tetracycline, aminoglycosides, erythromycin, fluoroquinolones, and beta-lactams.
Effect of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis duration for colic surgery on complications and resistome.
The study found that extending surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis beyond 24 hours did not increase postoperative complications but led to a higher abundance of beta-lactam resistance genes, including TEM, BlaZ, SHV, CfxA, and PBP2, as well as aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes like AAC(6'), ANT(3"), ANT(6), APH(2"), APH(3'), APH(3"), and APH(6) in the fecal resistome of horses.
PanARGMiner (Pan-Genomic Antimicrobial Resistance Gene Miner): An advanced feature selection framework for extracting key resistance genes from pan-genomic datasets.
PanARGMiner effectively identifies key resistance genes from pan-genomic datasets, including both known and novel AMR genes, across multiple bacterial species.
Gut microbiome profiling of a migratory Anser serrirostris population reveals two groups with distinct pathogen and ARG contents.
The study identified two distinct gut microbiome groups (E1 and E2) in a migratory Anser serrirostris population, with E1 showing higher abundances of opportunistic pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Key ARGs included beta-lactamase-encoding genes such as blaCTX-M, blaZ, blaCARB-1, blaADC, blaPDC, and blaOXA-213, which were more prevalent in E1.
Gentamicin resistance gene transfer from Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium to Staphylococcus aureus, S. intermedius and S. hyicus.
The study demonstrates the transfer of the gentamicin resistance gene aac(6')-aph(2") from Enterococcus faecalis and E. faecium to Staphylococcus aureus, S. intermedius, and S. hyicus via plasmid or chromosomal transfer, highlighting the role of transposons in mediating resistance.
Cloning and characterization of an aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase gene from Citrobacter freundii which confers an altered resistance profile.
The study identified and characterized a novel aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase gene, aac(6')-In, from Citrobacter freundii, which confers resistance to several aminoglycoside antibiotics.
Diversity of structures carrying the high-level gentamicin resistance gene (aac6-aph2) in Enterococcus faecalis strains isolated in France.
The study identifies the aac6-aph2 gene as responsible for high-level gentamicin resistance in Enterococcus faecalis strains, highlighting the diversity of genetic structures carrying this gene.
Novel OXA-10-derived extended-spectrum beta-lactamases selected in vivo or in vitro.
The study identifies OXA-19, a novel extended-spectrum beta-lactamase derived from OXA-10, and AAC(6')-Ib 9, an aminoglycoside acetyltransferase variant, both contributing to antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Aminoglycoside antibiotic phosphotransferases are also serine protein kinases.
The study demonstrates that aminoglycoside phosphotransferases (APHs) can phosphorylate serine residues on protein kinase substrates, indicating a functional relationship between APHs and eukaryotic protein kinases.
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