The study identifies numerous antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in migratory birds, highlighting the presence of mcr-1, beta-lactamases, tetracycline resistance genes, and other resistance mechanisms. These findings suggest that migratory birds could serve as reservoirs and potential vectors for spreading ARGs into the environment.

The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella isolates from Nigerian poultry, including aac(6')-Ia, aac(6')-Ib, aadA7, aph(3")-Ia, aph(3")-Ib, aph(6')-Id, aph(6')-Ic, aac(3)-Ia, aac(3)-IIa, aac(3)-IVa, aac(6')-IIa, aac(3)-Id, sul1, sul2, sul3, tet(A), tet(M), qnrS1, qnrB19, blaTEM, dfrA14, dfrA15, dfrA17, catA1, cmlA1, and floR. Mutations in gyrA (Ser83Phe, Asp87Tyr) and parC (Thr57Ser, Ser80Ile) were also associated with resistance to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin.

The study identifies a novel blaKPC-2 plasmid (pP33-2) and an integrative and conjugative element (ICEP33) carrying Tn6203 in multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. The plasmid pP33-2 is distinct from previously reported blaKPC-2 plasmids and is not transferable. ICEP33 contains resistance genes including aac(6')-IIa, ant(2")-Ia, blaCARB-2, and sul1, contributing to multidrug resistance.

The study identified several aminoglycoside-modifying enzyme-encoding genes, including AAC(6')-Ib, AAC(6')-IIa, APH(3')-IIb, ANT(3'')-Ia, and ANT(2'')-Ia, which are associated with resistance to aminoglycosides in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from the north of Iran.

The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from the Philippines, including bla VIM-2, bla VIM-6, bla NDM-1, bla IMP-26, aac(6')-Ib, aac(6')-Ib4, aac(6')-IIa, aac(6')-31, ant(2")-Ia, aadA1, acc(6')-Ib, qnrVC, gyrA, parC, oprD, nalC, and nalD. These genes and mutations were associated with resistance to carbapenems, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones.

The study identified Klebsiella variicola and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains carrying multiple resistance genes, including bla KPC-2, bla TEM-1A, bla LEN17, aadA16, arr-3, qnrB4, oqxA/B, dfrA27, sul1, tetD, fosA, qacEΔ1, bla CTX-M-3, bla TEM-1B, bla CTX-M-65, bla SHV-27, aac(6')-IIa, rmtB, aph(3')-Ia, aadA16, qnrS1, aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrB91, oqxA/B, mph(A), tet(A), fosA, dfrA27, and two copies of qacEΔ1-sul1.

The study identified various antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in river biofilms upstream and downstream of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), including qnrA, qnrS, mfsA, ermC, ermX, macB, mefA_10, cat, catB3, aadB, aph(3')-III, AAC(3)-Ib, bacA_1, blaPer-1, blaIMP, blaTEM, blaKPC, blaDHA, cblA, ermC, ermY, ermX, mdtL, cusF, copD, qacA, mecA, dfrF, arnA, sul1, sulA, vat(A), IS6100, ISS1N, Intl1, blaCTX-M, blaIMP, mefA_10, tolC, mdfF, acrA, dfrA27, aac(6')-IIa, vanA, intl3, and TTV. These genes were associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones, macrolides, chloramphenicol, aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, polymyxins, sulfonamides, and others. The study also found that the resistome composition varied between upstream and downstream sites, indicating the impact of WWTP effluents on the distribution of ARGs in river biofilms.

The study identifies numerous AMR genes in Mycobacteroides abscessus complex, highlighting the widespread presence of resistance to multiple antibiotic classes, including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, glycopeptides, and others. Key findings include the detection of beta-lactamases like blaLAP-1 and blaTLA-2, 23S rRNA methyltransferases such as erm(33), erm(43), and erm(44), and various aminoglycoside modifying enzymes. Additionally, vancomycin resistance genes like vanA, vanB, and vanC were identified, along with efflux pump genes contributing to multidrug resistance.

The study identified multiple AMR genes, including aac(6')-IIa, aac(6')-Ib4, aac(6')-Ib7, aac(6')-Ib9, aac(6')-Ib10, aac(3)-IId, aadA, aadA2, aadA3, aadA7, aadA13, bla OXA-50-Like, bla OXA-1-Like, bla OXA-10-Like, bla OXA-21-Like, bla VIM-2, bla IMP-9, bla IMP-45, bla KPC-2, bla CTX-M-13, bla CARB-1, bla CARB-3, qnrVC1, qnrVC6, bla PDC-3, and bla PDC-5, in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Guangdong, China, highlighting the high prevalence of multidrug-resistant and carbapenem-resistant strains.

The study identified a diverse array of antimicrobial resistance genes in drinking water stored in cisterns from two First Nations communities in Manitoba, Canada. Key findings include the presence of genes such as aac(3')-Ia, aac(6')-Iia, aac(6')-Iic, aph(3')-Ia, acrD, smeB, smeR, FEZ-1, rm3, SPG-1, OXA-21, OXA-119, OXA-205, dfrA14, dfrB6, acrB, acrF, adeF, ceoB, emrA, mexE, mexF, mexI, oprN, oqxB, BRP(MBL), vanSO, axyY, CRP, efrB, macB, mexB, mexC, mexD, mexK, mexQ, mexW, mexY, mtrA, muxB, muxC, oleB, oleC, ompB, oprM, smeD, smeE, golS, mdsB, PER-2, TEM-126, msbA, arnA, bacA, bcrA, MCR-5, rosA, rosB, rpoB2, ugd, mexN, taeA, efpA, rphA, rphB, otr(A), otrC, tetA(48 ), ompH, and triC, which confer resistance to various antibiotics including aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, cephalosporins, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, monobactams, nitroimidazoles, peptides, phenicols, pleuromutilins, rifamycins, tetracyclines, and triclosan.

The study characterizes the plasmid diversity in Klebsiella pneumoniae ST307 isolates co-producing KPC and NDM carbapenemases, identifying multiple resistance genes and plasmid types involved in carbapenem resistance.