The study identified aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes aac(6')-Ib and ant(2")-Ia as contributors to tobramycin resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from cystic fibrosis patients.

The study characterizes In53, a unique class 1 integron in Escherichia coli that carries multiple antibiotic resistance gene cassettes, including aadB, arr-2, cmlA5, qacI, aacA1b/orfG, oxa10, and aadA1, each contributing to resistance against various antibiotics.

The study identifies key residues in the aac(6')-Ib gene that are crucial for resistance to kanamycin and amikacin, highlighting the importance of motif B in substrate specificity and enzymatic activity.

The study characterizes the multiresistance plasmid pJHCMW1 from Klebsiella pneumoniae, identifying four antibiotic resistance genes: aac(6')-Ib, aadA1, blaOXA-9, and blaTEM-1.

The study identified the presence of Tn1546 (vanA) responsible for high-level vancomycin resistance and Tn5281 carrying aac(6')-Ib, conferring high-level aminoglycoside resistance in a vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolate from a canine urinary tract infection.

The study characterizes the aac(6′)-Ib gene, which encodes an aminoglycoside 6′-N-acetyltransferase that confers resistance to kanamycin, amikacin, and tobramycin. The gene is part of the Tn1331 transposon and is localized in the cytoplasm of E. coli.

The study identifies the aac(6')-Ib gene as a key mediator of amikacin resistance and demonstrates that antisense oligodeoxynucleotides can inhibit its expression, reducing resistance.

The study identified three clonally related CTX-M-15-producing Escherichia coli isolates with varying resistance to aminoglycosides and tetracycline. The isolates exhibited resistance to fluoroquinolones due to mutations in gyrA and parC genes, and resistance to aminoglycosides due to the aac(6')-1b gene. The CTX-M-15 β-lactamase conferred resistance to various β-lactam antibiotics.

The study reports the complete nucleotide sequence of a 92-kilobase plasmid, pC15-1a, which harbors the CTX-M-15 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, along with other resistance genes such as blaOXA-1, blaTEM-1, aac(6')-Ib, aac(3)-II, and tetA. These genes contribute to multidrug resistance in Escherichia coli strains associated with an outbreak in long-term-care facilities in Toronto, Canada.

The study identified metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) genes, including blaIMP-1, blaIMP-2, and blaVIM-2, in various gram-negative bacilli, highlighting the widespread distribution of MBL-producing organisms in the Kinki region of Japan.

The study identifies a novel metallo-beta-lactamase gene, blaIMP-16, and a fused form of aminoglycoside-resistant gene aac(6′)-30/aac(6′)-Ib′ in a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain. blaIMP-16 confers resistance to carbapenems and cephalosporins, while the fused aac(6′)-30/aac(6′)-Ib′ gene confers resistance to multiple aminoglycosides.

The study identified various gene cassettes within class 1 integrons in multiple antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria from the River Torsa in India, including dfrA1, dfrA5, dfrA7, dfrA12, dfrA17, aac(6')-Ib, aadA1, aadA6, and a novel ORF with homology to dfrA1.

The study identifies numerous resistance genes in the multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strain AYE, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, tetracycline resistance genes, and others, highlighting the complexity of its resistance mechanisms.

The study identifies the spread of Escherichia coli strains with high-level resistance to cefotaxime and ceftazidime, primarily due to the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) such as CTX-M-15, CTX-M-14, and CTX-M-32. Additionally, other resistance genes like tetA, dfrA14, dfrA17, sul1, sul2, aac(6')Ib, and aac(3)IIb were found to contribute to multidrug resistance.

The study characterizes the multiresistance plasmid pMET1 from Klebsiella pneumoniae, identifying several AMR genes including bla TEM-1, aac(6')-Ib, aadA1, and bla OXA-9, which confer resistance to beta-lactams and aminoglycosides.

The study characterizes the aminoglycoside N-acetyltransferase AAC(6')-Ib and its bifunctional variant AAC(6')-Ib-cr, which confers resistance to aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones. The structural and kinetic analyses reveal the mechanism of action and the impact of specific mutations on substrate specificity.

The study demonstrates that synonymous gene modifications can lead to distinct evolutionary paths and the identification of novel resistance mutations in the aac(6')-Ib gene, enhancing the understanding of protein evolvability and resistance mechanisms.

The paper describes a DNA microarray for genotyping antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, identifying several resistance genes and mutations associated with various antibiotics.

The study identifies aac(6')-Ib as a gene responsible for amikacin resistance and demonstrates that nuclease-resistant external guide sequences can inhibit its expression, thereby reducing resistance.

The study identified a high prevalence of multidrug-tolerant bacteria and various antimicrobial resistance genes in ornamental fish and their carriage water, highlighting the potential risk of resistance gene spread through the aquatic environment.

The study reports the cloning and sequencing of a gene encoding an aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase capable of modifying amikacin, providing insights into aminoglycoside resistance mechanisms.

The paper discusses various aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, particularly focusing on AAC(6')-Ib, AAC(6')-Ib-cr, and AAC(6')-Ib 11, which confer resistance to aminoglycosides like amikacin and gentamicin, and in some cases, quinolones.

The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes including blaOXA-51-like, blaOXA-23, blaIMP-1, blaVIM-2, aac(6')-Ib, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3')-VI, and armA in imipenem-nonsusceptible Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex isolates. Additionally, mutations in gyrA and parC were found to confer fluoroquinolone resistance.

This paper characterizes several beta-lactamases, including TEM-1, SHV-1, CTX-M-15, and NDM-1, which confer resistance to various beta-lactam antibiotics. It also identifies erm(B) and mef(A) as mechanisms of macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B resistance. Additionally, aadA1 and aac(6')-Ib are noted for aminoglycoside resistance, while catA1 and floR contribute to chloramphenicol resistance. The vanA gene is associated with glycopeptide resistance, and mcr-1 is linked to polymyxin resistance.

The study identifies the presence of the multidrug-resistance transposon Tn1331 in an Enterobacter plasmid, pR23, which carries the aac(6')-Ib, ant(3'')-Ia, and blaOXA-9 genes, conferring resistance to aminoglycosides, streptomycin, and beta-lactams, respectively.

The paper discusses the mechanisms of resistance to β-lactams, glycopeptides, and fluoroquinolones, highlighting the role of β-lactamases such as TEM, SHV, CTX-M, KPC, VIM, and NDM, glycopeptide resistance operons like vanA and vanB, and other resistance genes such as ermB, mecA, qnrA, and aac(6')-Ib.

The paper discusses various virulence factors and mechanisms contributing to the pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii, including biofilm formation, surface polysaccharides, and outer membrane proteins.

Plazomicin retained activity against all MDR isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, and Enterobacter spp., including those with ESBL, KPC, and VIM-MBL resistance mechanisms. Aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes such as aac(6')-Ib, aac(3')-Ia, and aac(3')-IIa were detected in some isolates but did not correlate with plazomicin resistance.

A new class 3 integron, In3-5, carrying the blaOXA-256 gene and an aac(6')-Ib variant was identified in an Enterobacter cloacae isolate from a hospital effluent sample. Both genes confer resistance to beta-lactams and aminoglycosides, respectively.

The study developed a high-throughput GeXP assay for the simultaneous detection of seven aminoglycoside-resistance genes, including five aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes and two 16S rRNA methyltransferases, demonstrating high sensitivity and specificity.

The study identified bla CTX-M-15 and bla SHV-12 as the predominant ESBL genes in multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates in Antananarivo, along with other resistance genes such as aac(6')-Ib, tetA, sul1, sul2, qnrA, qnrB, and catB-3.

The study identifies the blaNDM-1 gene on plasmid pKPX-1 as a key factor in carbapenem resistance in a multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate. It also characterizes additional resistance genes such as aac(6')-Ib, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aph(3')-I, strB, qnrB, tetA, catA1, and catB4, which contribute to resistance against aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol.

The study focuses on the aac(6′)-Ib gene, which encodes an aminoglycoside 6′-N-acetyltransferase, and its variant aac(6′)-Ib-cr, which expands the resistance spectrum to include quinolones. Both genes were experimentally validated for their roles in aminoglycoside resistance.

The study identifies various AMR genes in Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus spp. isolated from U.S. food animals, including aac(3'), aac(6'), aadA, aadA1, aadA2, aadA12, aphAI, aph(3')-Ii-iv, strA, strB, bla CMY-2, bla TEM-1, bla PSE-1, floR, cmlA, cat1, cat2, sul1, sul2, dfr1, dfrA10, tet(A), tet(B), tet(C), tet(D), tet(G), and tetR.

The study reports the first case of a nosocomial infection in a neonatal ICU in Korea caused by ST357 multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strains. The isolates exhibited resistance to several antibiotics, including amikacin, gentamicin, ceftazidime, cefepime, and ciprofloxacin, due to the presence of aac(6')-Ib, aph(3')-Ia, armA, and mutations in gyrA and parC.

The study reports the first identification of NDM-1-producing Acinetobacter baumannii in East Africa, highlighting the presence of various resistance genes including bla(NDM-1), bla(OXA-23), bla(OXA-51-like), bla(ADC), armA, aadB, aac(6')-Ib, and aph(3')-VI.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from military treatment facilities, including bla OXA-51-like, bla OXA-23, bla GES-11, aac(6')-Ib, aacC1, aadB, aphA6, and others, highlighting the complex resistome of these isolates.

The study identified numerous aminoglycoside and β-lactam resistance gene homologues in the gut microbiota of healthy adults, indicating that the human gut microbiota serves as a reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes even in the absence of recent antibiotic exposure.

The study evaluated a new NGS assay for typing and detecting resistance genes in ESBL-producing E. coli isolates during an outbreak. The assay detected ESBL genes in 98% of isolates but couldn't differentiate between ESBL and non-ESBL TEM and SHV beta-lactamases or specify CTX-M groups. The aac(6')-Ib gene was prevalent among ST131 isolates and correlated with resistance to tobramycin.

The study identified a diversity of aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (AMEs) in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, including aac(6')-Ib, aph(3')-Ia, and aac(3)-IV, which contributed to varying levels of resistance to aminoglycosides such as gentamicin, tobramycin, and plazomicin.

The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes in the NDM-1-encoding Klebsiella pneumoniae strain, including eight beta-lactamase genes and various other resistance determinants, highlighting the complexity of its resistance profile.

The study identifies multiple AMR genes and mutations in the multi-resistant P. aeruginosa isolate PA49, including aac(6')-Ib, aadB, blaVIM-2, ampC, and mutations in gyrA, parC, and oprD, which confer resistance to various antibiotics.

The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including beta-lactamases (blaVIM-2, blaOXA-2, blaPSE-1), aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (aac(6')-Ib, aacA7), and efflux pumps (mexAB-oprM, mexXY-oprM). Mutations in gyrA (T83I) and parC (S87L) were associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.

The study identified blaCMY-4 and blaDHA-1 as the primary plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase genes responsible for cefoxitin resistance in Enterobacteriaceae isolates in Algeria. Additionally, blaTEM-1, qnrB4, and aac(6')-Ib were found to coexist with these genes, contributing to multidrug resistance.

The study identified eight unique resistance genes from ancient permafrost bacteria and ten from the active layer, showing resistance to aminoglycosides, β-lactams, and tetracyclines. Some genes conferred resistance to semi-synthetic antibiotics like amikacin.

The study identified aac(3)-Ia, aac(3)-IIa, and aac(6')-Ib genes as significant contributors to aminoglycoside resistance in Enterococcus isolates, whereas no aminoglycoside resistance genes were found in Salmonella isolates.

The paper discusses the various mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Enterobacter aerogenes and Enterobacter cloacae, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, efflux pumps, and porin mutations. It highlights the role of specific genes such as bla TEM-24, bla CMY-10, ampC, aac (6')-Ib, aac (6')-Ib-cr, qnrA, qnrS, oqxAB, acrAB-TolC, mcr, bla OXA-1, bla OXA-30, bla CTX-M-15, bla NDM-1, bla VIM, bla KPC, and bla OXA-48 in conferring resistance to various antibiotics.

The study describes an outbreak of colistin-resistant KPC-producing K. pneumoniae ST258 in the Netherlands, highlighting the presence of multiple resistance genes including blaKPC-2, blaSHV-12, and various other AMR genes.

The study demonstrates that antisense oligomers targeting the aac(6')-Ib gene can inhibit the translation of the AAC(6')-Ib enzyme, thereby reducing amikacin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii.

The study identifies several AMR genes including blaGES-1, blaKPC-2, blaSPM-1, aac(6')-Ib, ant(2')-Ia, aph(3')-VIa, rmtD, catB3, arr-4, qacED1, sul1, and intI1, as well as mutations in the oprD gene contributing to carbapenem resistance in multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates from Recife, Brazil.

The study identifies compound 1 as an inhibitor of the aminoglycoside 6'-N-acetyltransferase type Ib (AAC(6')-Ib), which confers resistance to aminoglycosides. Compound 1 inhibits the acetylation of aminoglycosides in vitro and suppresses the growth of an amikacin-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii clinical strain when combined with amikacin.

The study identified aac(6')-Ib, aphA1, and aadB as the most frequently detected aminoglycoside resistance genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from HUAPA, Cumana, Venezuela. These genes were associated with resistance to tobramycin and amikacin.

The paper discusses various mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, including beta-lactamases like blaKPC, blaNDM, blaIMP, and blaVIM, which confer resistance to carbapenems. It also covers aminoglycoside modifying enzymes such as aac(6')-Ib and aac(6')-I, quinolone resistance proteins like qnr, tetracycline resistance genes such as tet(M) and tet(O), macrolide resistance genes like erm, mefA, and mefE, and efflux pump systems like mexAB-oprM and acrAB-tolC.

The study identifies NDM-5-producing Escherichia coli ST167 in a neonatal patient in China, highlighting the spread of carbapenem resistance through the bla NDM-5 gene and other resistance mechanisms.

The study presents KlebSeq, a diagnostic tool for detecting and monitoring Klebsiella pneumoniae, including its AMR and virulence profiles. It identified various AMR genes such as aac(6')-Ib, aac(6')-Ib-cr, gyrA, npmA, blaCTX-M, and blaKPC, demonstrating the effectiveness of amplicon sequencing for AMR detection.

The study identifies NDM-1 as a major carbapenem resistance determinant in Acinetobacter spp. causing neonatal sepsis, along with other beta-lactamases like OXA-23-like, OXA-58-like, PER-1, VEB-2, and aminoglycoside modifying enzymes such as aac(6')-Ib, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and armA.

The study identifies the blaKPC gene and aac(6')-Ib as key contributors to carbapenem and aminoglycoside resistance in Enterobacteriaceae, highlighting the role of plasmid rearrangements and transposable elements in the evolution of resistance.

The study identifies multiple carbapenemase genes (bla KPC-2, bla KPC-3, bla KPC-4, and bla NDM-1) and other resistance genes (such as qnrB19, qnrB2, qnrS1, bla TEM-1A, bla TEM-1B, bla OXA-9, bla SHV-12, aadA2, aac(6')-Ib, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3')-Ic, strA, strB, sul1, sul2, dfrA14, dfrA18, mph(A), catB3, arr-3, and tet(D)) in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter spp. These genes are primarily located on plasmids and contribute to multidrug resistance.

The study identified ESBL-producing E. coli isolates carrying bla CTX-M1, bla CTX-M15, bla OXA1, and bla TEM genes, along with aminoglycoside resistance genes such as aac6, aac6Ib, aadA4, and strB.

The study identified various AMR genes and mutations in Enterococcus faecalis isolates from macaque cephalic implants, highlighting the presence of high-level aminoglycoside resistance, tetracycline resistance, and bacitracin resistance. These findings emphasize the complexity of AMR in clinical settings and the need for targeted antimicrobial strategies.

The study identified qepA and aac-(6')-Ib as dominant plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes in aquatic environments in China, highlighting their significant contribution to quinolone resistance and their potential co-occurrence with β-lactam resistance genes.

The study characterizes various AMR genes and mutations in K. pneumoniae panel strains, including beta-lactamases (bla SHV-11, bla TEM-1, bla CTX-M15, bla OXA-1, bla SHV-12, bla SHV-187, bla SHV-158, bla DHA-1, bla CMY-2), aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (aac(6')-Ib, strA, strB, aadA1, aadA2), quinolone resistance genes (qnrB66, qnrB4, oqxA, oqxB), tetracycline resistance (tet(A)), trimethoprim resistance (dfrA14), sulfonamide resistance (sul1, sul2), and porin genes (OmpK35, OmpK36).

The study identified several AMR genes including TEM, SHV, CTX-M, aac(6')-Ib, and qnrA in MDR isolates from bacterial meningitis patients in Egypt.

The study identifies several AMR genes and mutations associated with multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the UK and Ireland, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, tetracycline efflux pumps, and mutations in gyrB contributing to fluoroquinolone resistance.

The study identified 46 AMR genes or gene families in 90 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from Kenya, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug resistance and the diversity of resistance mechanisms.

The study identified the high prevalence of blaNDM-1 and blaKPC-2 genes in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, along with various quinolone and aminoglycoside resistance genes such as qnrB, aac(6')-Ib, rmtB, qnrS, and acc(6')-Ib-cr.

The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in XDR K. pneumoniae isolates, including bla KPC−2, rmtB, aac(6′)-Ib, APH(3′)-Ia, AAC(3)-IV, qnrS, qnrB, aac(6′)-Ib-cr, bla CTX−M−14, bla CTX−M−65, bla SHV−11, bla TEM, bla CMY, bla DHA−1, gyrA, and parC, which contribute to resistance against various antibiotics.

The study identified various antibiotic resistance genes, including bla CTX-M-15, aac(6')-Ib, bla OXA-1, bla TEM-1, dfrA, mphA, sul1, and tetA, in E. coli isolates, highlighting the multidrug-resistant nature of ST131 and the presence of distinct plasmid profiles contributing to resistance.

The study identified multiple AMR genes, including aac(6')-Ib and ermA, which confer resistance to aminoglycosides and macrolides/lincosamides/streptogramin B, respectively, in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Latin America.

The study shows that zinc complexed with clioquinol can reduce amikacin resistance mediated by the aac(6')-Ib gene in Acinetobacter baumannii and Escherichia coli.

The study identified various AMR genes and mutations in extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Spain, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, and mutations in genes such as ampC, oprD, gyrA, parC, mexZ, and glpT, which contribute to resistance against multiple antibiotics.

The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes, including sul1, sul2, floR, aadA1, aac(6')-Ib, blaTEM, blaCTX-M, blaPSE, blaNDM-1, qacEΔ1, pcoA/copA, chrB, and pcoR, in bacterial isolates from seafood. These genes conferred resistance to sulfonamides, phenicols, aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, and heavy metals.

The study demonstrates the feasibility of rapid nanopore sequencing for detecting plasmid-borne antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in clinical isolates. It identifies several AMR genes, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, sulfonamide resistance genes, tetracycline resistance genes, macrolide resistance genes, and phenicol resistance genes, in both Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates.

The study identified several AMR genes, including bla TEM-1, bla CTX-M-15, aac(6')-Ib, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qnrA, in multidrug-resistant Proteus mirabilis isolates from SouthWest Nigeria.

Four multidrug resistance plasmids were captured from the sediments of an urban coastal wetland. These plasmids carried various resistance genes, including beta-lactamases, tetracycline resistance genes, sulfonamide resistance genes, and others, conferring resistance to multiple antibiotics.

The study focuses on the aac(6′)-Ib gene, which encodes the AAC(6′)-Ib enzyme, a major contributor to amikacin resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. The gene is found in integrons, transposons, plasmids, and chromosomes and is associated with resistance to amikacin, tobramycin, and kanamycin.

The study identified aac(6')-Ib, aac(3)-IV, ant(2" )-Ia, and aph(3')-Ia as the most common aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates, which conferred resistance to various aminoglycosides.

Two transposon-associated genes, mph and mel, were experimentally validated to confer amikacin resistance in E. coli. Additionally, the beta-lactamase gene blaOXA-23 was identified as transposon-associated and previously reported to confer carbapenem resistance.

The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes in ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae isolates from pigs and abattoir workers in Cameroon, including bla CTX-M-15, bla TEM-1B, bla SHV-28, and others, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains and their potential for zoonotic transmission.

The study identified aac(6')-Ib, aac(3)-IIa, and aph(3')-Ia as the most prevalent aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended spectrum β-lactamases in Spain. These genes were associated with resistance to various aminoglycosides.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in E. coli isolates, including blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-9, aac(3)-II, aac(6')-Ib, aadA1, dfrA1, sul1, sul2, mphA, and mrxA, which contribute to resistance against various antibiotics such as third-generation cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, trimethoprim, sulfonamides, and macrolides.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in E. coli isolates, including blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-9, aac(3)-II, aac(6')-Ib, aadA1, dfrA1, sul1, sul2, mphA, and mrxA, which contribute to resistance against various antibiotics such as third-generation cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, trimethoprim, sulfonamides, and macrolides.

The paper discusses the antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas spp., focusing on the identification of resistance genes such as blaOXA-23, blaOXA-51, aac(6')-Ib, aac(3')-I, aph(3')-VI, ANT(2'')-I, ArmA, and efflux pumps like MexAB-OprM and MexXY-OprM. It also highlights mutations in gyrA and parC contributing to fluoroquinolone resistance.

The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in Riemerella anatipestifer, including aac(6')-Ib, aadA1, aadA2, aadA5, aac(3')-IIc, aac(3')-IV, aph(3')-VII, aph(2')-Ib, bla TEM, bla OXA, tet(A), tet(B), sul1, sul2, sul3, cat2, cmlA, floR, emrF, qnrS, and qnrD. Additionally, mutations in gyrA and parC were found to confer fluoroquinolone resistance.

The study identifies several antibiotic resistance genes in Klebsiella variicola, including blaLEN, oqxAB, blaKPC-2, blaNDM-1, blaNDM-9, blaOXA-48, aac(6')-Ib, aadA16, sul1, sul2, qnrB6, arr-3, and floR. These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, meropenem, gentamicin, kanamycin, sulfamethoxazole, rifampin, and chloramphenicol.

The study identifies the NDM-1-producing E. coli strain EC2189 carrying the plasmid p2189-NDM, which contains multiple AMR genes including blaNDM-1, aadA1, aac(6')-Ib, sul3, dfrA12, cmlA1, blaCTX-M-15, blaTEM-1A, and blaOXA-9. The plasmid p2189-NDM exhibits a unique genetic structure and is phylogenetically distinct from previously identified blaNDM-1-positive plasmids.

The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in a multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Senftenberg isolate, including blaNDM-1, blaTEM-1, blaOXA-9, blaCMY-2, aac(6')-Ia, aac(6')-Ib, aph(3')-Ib, aph(6')-Ib, ant(3'')-Ia, sul-1, sul-2, and florR. Additionally, mutations in gyrA (S83Y, D87G) and parC (S80I) were associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.

The study characterizes multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from South-Kivu Province, Democratic Republic of Congo, identifying several AMR genes including blaCTX-M-15, blaTEM-1, blaOXA-1, aac(6')-Ib, qnrS1, cat, sulI, sulII, tet(A), and dhfr. It also identifies chromosomal mutations in gyrA and parC contributing to quinolone resistance.

The study characterizes the role of efflux pumps in multidrug resistance of clinical E. coli and P. aeruginosa strains, showing that deletion of tolC and oprM significantly affects antibiotic susceptibility, but other resistance mechanisms persist.

The study identifies multiple AMR genes, including aac(6')-Ib, blaOXA-30, catB3, arr-3, qacE, sul1, intI1, armA, msrE, mphE, and blaCTX-M-3, in multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Indiana strains in China, highlighting the role of class I integrons in the dissemination of resistance.

The study identified aminoglycoside resistance genes aac(6')-Ib, aph(3')-II, and aph(3')-III in a small percentage of the isolates, indicating that resistance mechanisms in the sludge samples are not predominantly due to these enzymes.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes, including aac(6')-Ib, ermB, tetM, and catD, in Clostridium difficile isolates from clade 4, highlighting the role of mobile genetic elements in the evolution of multidrug resistance.

The study identifies aac(6')-Ib as a gene responsible for amikacin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii and demonstrates that Zn2+ complexed with certain 8-hydroxyquinoline analogs can restore susceptibility by inhibiting the enzymatic acetylation of amikacin.

The study evaluated the synergy of ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) in combination with other antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Several AMR genes, including blaKPC-2, blaKPC-3, blaCTX-M-15, and others, were identified as conferring resistance to CZA and other antibiotics.

The study identified several AMR genes in Salmonella enterica isolates from Brazil, including qnrE1, qnrB19, qnrS1, blaCTX-M-2, blaCTX-M-8, blaCMY-2, aadA1, aadA2, aac(3)-IVa, aac(3)-IIa, aac(6')-Ib, floR, sul1, sul2, tet(A), tet(B), strA, strB, drfA1, inu(F), qacEdelta1, and fosA7. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones, beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim, macrolides, quaternary ammonium compounds, and fosfomycin.

The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in water samples from the Bogotá River and hospital wastewaters, indicating the spread of resistance due to anthropogenic contamination.

The study identifies discriminatory antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) using an extremely randomized tree (ERT) algorithm, highlighting genes like sul1, tet(W), and ermB as significant markers for differentiating resistomes across various aquatic environments.

The study identifies the coexistence of multiple AMR genes, including blaNDM-1, blaVIM-1, qnrB, rmtC, aac(6')-Ib, and blaCMY-4, in carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae and E. cloacae isolates from Saudi Arabia.

The paper discusses various antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in antibiotic-producing bacteria and pathogens, focusing on genes and mutations that confer resistance to different classes of antibiotics, including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, macrolides, and others.

The study identified carbapenem-resistant and hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates carrying bla KPC−2, aac(3')-Ia, aac(6')-Ib, ANT(3')-Ia, rmtB, rmtC, qnrB, qnrS, oqxA, bla SHV−11, bla CTX−M−2 group, bla CTX−M−9 group, bla TEM−1, bla CMY−2, and bla DHA genes, contributing to multidrug resistance.

This study identified the first report of linezolid resistance in coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) isolated from healthy turkeys in Egypt. The study found that 79.5% of the isolates were resistant to linezolid, and the resistance was associated with the presence of the cfr, optrA, and valS genes. The study also found high levels of resistance to other antibiotics, including erythromycin, chloramphenicol, oxacillin, daptomycin, and tigecycline.

The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella isolates from pickled ready-to-eat meat, including qnrB, oqxAB, aac(6')-Ib, and qnrA, as well as mutations in gyrA and parC contributing to quinolone resistance.

The study identifies a new lineage of KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ST2502) associated with hyperendemicity in a long-term acute-care rehabilitation facility. Key AMR genes include armA, blaKPC-3, blaKPC-2, and aac6-Ib, with pmrA mutations contributing to colistin resistance.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in E. coli isolates from urinary tract infections in Port-Harcourt, Nigeria, including blaTEM, blaCTX-M-15, blaSHV, blaOXA-1, blaCMY-2, qnrD, qnrS, aac(6')-Ib, and aacC2. These genes were associated with resistance to various antibiotics, highlighting the complexity of multidrug resistance in these isolates.

The study identified various multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (MDR-Ent) in Chicago waterways, including genes encoding beta-lactamases (CTX-M-1, CTX-M-9, SHV-ESBL, CMY-II-AmpC), aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (aac-6'-Ib), quinolone resistance proteins (qnrB), efflux pump components (oqxA/B), and colistin resistance (mcr-1). These genes were found in E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and E. cloacae isolates and conferred resistance to multiple antibiotics.

The study identified multiple AMR genes in extensively drug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, including beta-lactamases (blaSHV-11, blaTEM-1B, blaVEB-1, blaOXA-10, blaKPC-2, blaOXA-9, blaVIM-27, blaCTX-M-15, blaOXA-1, blaOXA-48), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aadA1, ant(2'')-Ia, aph(6)-Id, arr-2, aadA24, aph(3')-Ia, aph(6)-Id, aac(3)-IIa, aac(6')Ib-cr, aac(6')-Ib, aac(6')-Ib-cr), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2), tetracycline resistance genes (tet(A), tet(G)), trimethoprim resistance genes (dfrA1, dfrA14, dfrA23), chloramphenicol resistance genes (cmlA1, catB4), and others.

The study identified antibiotic resistance genes such as aac(6')-Ib, bla CTX-M-2, bla PER-2, pAmp CDHA, and pAmp CFOX in bacterial isolates from freshwater samples in Antarctica, highlighting the impact of human activity on the local microbiota and the presence of resistance genes in areas under different levels of human and animal influence.

The study identifies known and novel antimicrobial resistance genes using a machine learning approach on pan-genomes of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. Key findings include the detection of resistance genes such as gyrA, parC, ermC, lmrS, aac(6')-aph(2"), dfrG, tetK, and various beta-lactamases.

The study identified several AMR genes in Enterococcus spp., including erm(B), tet(M), optrA, dfrE, lsa(A), aac(6')-Ib, eat(A), ant(6)-Ia, aph(3')-IIIa, sat4, tet(L), bcrB, bcrC, dfrF, and dfrG, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as macrolides, tetracyclines, oxazolidinones, trimethoprim, and aminoglycosides.

The study identified several AMR genes in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from LTCF residents, including bla CTX-M-27, bla CTX-M-14, bla TEM-1B, bla IMP-1, and others, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as β-lactams, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones.

The study characterizes the presence of antibiotic resistance genes such as bla CTX-M-15, bla OXA-1, dfrA7, and aadA4 in plasmids and chromosomes of bloodstream isolates of Escherichia coli, highlighting their distribution and potential for horizontal gene transfer.

The study identifies various AMR genes in GC1 Group 1 and Outgroup Group 3 genomes, including aac(6')-Ib, aph(3')-Ia, aac(3)-IIa, sul1, sul2, tet(A), tet(G), catA1, intI1, intI2, and efflux pumps adeABC, adeIJK, and adeFGH. These genes contribute to multidrug resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii.

The study developed a multiplex PCR method for the detection of four aminoglycoside modifying enzyme resistance genes (Aac(6′)-Ib, Aac(3)-II, Ant(3″)-Ia, and Aph(3′)-Ia) in clinical strains of Escherichia coli.