The study identifies multiple IncQ-like plasmids from piggery manure that confer resistance to various antibiotics, including streptomycin, sulfonamide, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, tetracycline, and streptothricin.

The study characterizes the integrons In4 and In2 found in transposons Tn1696 and Tn21, identifying specific genes such as aadA2, aacC1, and cmlA1 that confer resistance to streptomycin, spectinomycin, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol.

The study identifies class 1 integrons in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) isolates, including the aadA, aadA1, aadA2, and dfrXII genes, which confer resistance to streptomycin, spectinomycin, and trimethoprim.

The study characterizes the multidrug resistance region of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104, identifying genes such as aadA2, floR, qacE delta1, sulI delta1, and tet(G) that confer resistance to various antibiotics.

The study identifies the antibiotic resistance genes in Vibrio cholerae O139 and O1 SXT constins, including floR, strA, strB, sulII, and dfr18, which confer resistance to chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole, and trimethoprim, respectively.

The study identified two integrons in Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 strains, one containing aadA2 which confers resistance to streptomycin and another containing blaPSE-1 which confers resistance to ampicillin. Non-DT104 strains showed varying levels of resistance but lacked the specific integron patterns seen in DT104.

The study identified the dfrA16 gene in the integron of plasmid pRAS1, which confers resistance to trimethoprim, and the aadA2 gene in the integron of plasmid pAr-32, which confers resistance to streptomycin and kanamycin.

The study identifies a novel plasmid-borne antibiotic resistance gene cluster in Pasteurella multocida, including sul2 for sulfonamide resistance, strA and strB for streptomycin resistance, and tet(H) for tetracycline resistance.

The study reports the first isolation of a multidrug-resistant STEC O118:H16 strain from cattle in Latin America, highlighting the presence of various AMR genes such as blaTEM1-like, aphA1, strA/B, sul2, and tet[A].

The study identifies various multidrug resistance gene clusters in Salmonella enterica serovar Agona, including SGI1-A, SGI1-G, and several deletion variants. Key genes include floR, aadA2, pse-1, dfrA10, and orf513, which confer resistance to multiple antibiotics.

The study describes the complete sequence of the IncU plasmid pFBAOT6, identifying the tetracycline resistance gene tetA(A) and the streptomycin resistance gene aadA2.

The study identifies several AMR genes in multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Muenchen isolates from pigs and humans, including blaOXA-30, aadA2, aphA1-Iab, tetA(B), blaTEM, strA, cmlA, and tetA(A). These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, streptomycin, kanamycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and gentamicin.

The study identifies several AMR genes in multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Muenchen isolates from pigs and humans, including blaOXA-30, aadA2, aphA1-Iab, tetA(B), blaTEM, strA, cmlA, and tetA(A). These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, streptomycin, kanamycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and gentamicin.

The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes on plasmids pSC138 and pSCV50 in Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis SC-B67, including blaTEM-1, blaCMY-2, tetRA, strA, aadA2, sulI, sulII, catI, cmlA, aph, sat, mef, mer, ebr, qac, and blaTEM-67. Additionally, mutations in the chromosomal genes gyrA and parC, along with the inactivation of acrR, contribute to ciprofloxacin resistance.

The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes on plasmids pSC138 and pSCV50 in Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis SC-B67, including blaTEM-1, blaCMY-2, tetRA, strA, aadA2, sulI, sulII, catI, cmlA, aph, sat, mef, mer, ebr, qac, and blaTEM-67. Additionally, mutations in the chromosomal genes gyrA and parC, along with the inactivation of acrR, contribute to ciprofloxacin resistance.

The study identifies high-level fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolates with mutations in gyrA (S83F, D87N/G) and parC (S80R), along with resistance genes blaOXA-30, aadA1, dhfr12, aadA2, aac3, catA, and tetRA.

The study identifies several tetracycline resistance genes (tet(A), tet(C), tet(33)) and gene cassettes (aadA1, aadA2, aadA9, aadA11, dfrA1, dfrB2a) associated with class 1 integrons in various bacterial species isolated from pigsties and manured soil.

The study identifies numerous resistance genes in the multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strain AYE, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, tetracycline resistance genes, and others, highlighting the complexity of its resistance mechanisms.

The study characterizes the multidrug resistance transposon Tn2610, identifying several resistance genes including ereB, pse-1, aadA2, and sul1, which confer resistance to erythromycin, ampicillin, streptomycin, and sulfonamide, respectively.

The study identified several AMR genes in Salmonella Newport isolates, including bla CMY-2, flo st, strA, strB, sulII, tetA, and aphA-1, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as extended-spectrum cephalosporins, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfonamides, tetracycline, kanamycin, and neomycin.

The study identifies the plasmid pK245 carrying the qnrS quinolone resistance gene and the blaSHV-2 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase gene, along with other resistance genes such as aacC2, strA, strB, catA2, sul2, tetD, and dfrA14, which confer resistance to multiple antimicrobial classes in Klebsiella pneumoniae.

The study identified various acquired antibiotic resistance genes in commensal E. coli isolates from a remote community with minimal antibiotic exposure, including blaTEM, catI, cmlA6, tet(A), tet(B), dfrA1, dfrA7, dfrA8, dfrA17, sul1, sul2, aphA1, aadA1, aadA2, aadA5, aadB, and sat-1. These genes were found to be similar to those seen in antibiotic-exposed settings, indicating the dissemination of resistant bacteria and resistance genes from such environments.

The study characterizes the acquisition of resistance genes via different pathways in IncW plasmids, highlighting the role of integrons and transposons in the spread of antibiotic resistance.

The study characterizes the acquisition of resistance genes via different pathways in IncW plasmids, highlighting the role of integrons and transposons in the spread of antibiotic resistance.

The study identifies multiple antibiotic and mercury resistance genes carried by an IncA/C plasmid in Atlantic Canadian isolates of Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmonicida, including aadA7, floR, tetA, sulII, strA, strB, blaCMY-2, and a mercury resistance operon.

The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes in E. coli isolates from a commercial beef processing plant, including beta-lactamase genes (blaCMY, blaSHV, blaTEM), tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetB, tetC), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2), and aminoglycoside resistance genes (strA, strB).

The study identifies several AMR genes, including bla ROB-1, tet(B), tet(H), tet(O), strA, and sul2, which are responsible for multidrug resistance in Pasteurella multocida. These genes are located on small plasmids and contribute to resistance against beta-lactams, tetracyclines, streptomycin, and sulfamethoxazole.

The study identified various AMR genes in commensal E. coli from pigs, including blaTEM, catA1, aph(3')-Ia, aadA, strA/strB, tet(A), tet(B), sul1, sul2, and sul3. These genes conferred resistance to antibiotics such as ampicillin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, neomycin, streptomycin, spectinomycin, tetracycline, and sulfamethoxazole. However, the presence of these resistance genes did not provide a significant colonization advantage or disadvantage in the pig intestine.

The study identifies multiple AMR genes in Edwardsiella tarda EIB202, including tetA, tetR, strA, strB, sulII, and catA3, which confer resistance to tetracycline, streptomycin, sulfonamide, and chloramphenicol.

The study identified a high prevalence of multidrug-tolerant bacteria and various antimicrobial resistance genes in ornamental fish and their carriage water, highlighting the potential risk of resistance gene spread through the aquatic environment.

The study identifies bla CMY-2, dfrA12, orfF, aadA2, floR, and mer as resistance genes carried by IncA/C plasmids in Salmonella Typhimurium ST213, contributing to multidrug resistance.

The study identifies high levels of resistance genes, including sul2, strA, strB, and qnrD, in river sediments contaminated with antibiotics, highlighting the role of environmental microbial communities in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium isolates from piglets with diarrhea in Korea, including bla PSE, bla TEM, cat1, cat2, floR, strA, strB, aadA, sulI, sulII, tetA, tetC, and tetG.

The study identified QRDR mutations in gyrA and parC, as well as the aac(6')-Ib-cr gene, class 1 and class 2 integrons, and various resistance genes including blaTEM-1, catA1, dfrA1, dfrA17, aadA1, aadA5, strA, tet, and aphA1-Ia in ETEC strains, contributing to multidrug resistance.

The study identified various AMR genes in Salmonella enterica isolates from poultry meat in Tunisia, including blaTEM, aadA1, aadA2, dfrA1, sul1, sul2, sul3, strA-strB, cmlA, and tet(A). These genes contribute to resistance against multiple antibiotics such as ampicillin, sulfonamides, streptomycin, trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline.

The study identified resistance genes strA, strB, sul2, dfrA1, and floR in the Haiti V. cholerae O1 outbreak strain, along with mutations in gyrA (Ser83Ile) and parC (Ser85Leu) contributing to quinolone resistance.

The study identifies and characterizes several AMR genes within the Salmonella genomic island 1 (SGI1), including aadA2, blaPSE-1, floR, qacEΔ1sulΔ1, qacEΔ1sul1, and tet(G). These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics such as streptomycin, spectinomycin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, florfenicol, sulfonamides, and tetracycline.

The study characterizes an IncFII plasmid carrying the blaNDM-1 gene, along with other resistance genes such as aacA4, aadA2, aacC2, and blaOXA-1, which contribute to multidrug resistance in E. coli ST131.

The study presents ResFinder, a web-based tool for identifying acquired antimicrobial resistance genes in whole-genome data. It successfully identifies resistance genes with high accuracy and agrees with phenotypic testing. The tool detects various resistance genes across different bacterial species, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, tetracycline resistance genes, and others.

The study identified various plasmid-borne antimicrobial resistance genes in multi-drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from a newly opened hospital in Iraq, including aminoglycoside, beta-lactam, sulfamethoxazole/trime-thoprim, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol resistance genes.

The study demonstrates that natural transformation facilitates the transfer of transposons, integrons, and gene cassettes between bacterial species, leading to the acquisition of antibiotic resistance traits. Specific resistance genes such as aadB, blaIMP-5, blaOXA-30, dfrA12, aadA2, and aacA4 were identified and characterized.

The study identified various antibiotic resistance genes in Salmonella plasmids, including beta-lactamases (bla CTX, bla CMY, bla TEM), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aadA1, aadA2, strA, strB), tetracycline resistance gene (tetA), chloramphenicol resistance gene (cmlA), sulfonamide resistance gene (sul2), and genes conferring resistance to heavy metals and disinfectants (sugE, arsR, cusR, silE, qacH).

The study identified various antibiotic resistance genes in Salmonella plasmids, including beta-lactamases (bla CTX, bla CMY, bla TEM), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aadA1, aadA2, strA, strB), tetracycline resistance gene (tetA), chloramphenicol resistance gene (cmlA), sulfonamide resistance gene (sul2), and genes conferring resistance to heavy metals and disinfectants (sugE, arsR, cusR, silE, qacH).

The study presents a microarray-based serogenotyping assay for Salmonella, demonstrating high correlation between genotypic and phenotypic characteristics. Several AMR genes were identified and validated, showing strong association with AMR phenotypes.

The study presents a microarray-based serogenotyping assay for Salmonella, demonstrating high correlation between genotypic and phenotypic characteristics. Several AMR genes were identified and validated, showing strong association with AMR phenotypes.

The study found that agricultural use of streptomycin leads to increased multidrug resistance in nasal and faecal bacteria, including streptomycin resistance genes strA, strB, aadA, and class 1 integron intI1.

The study identified multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli strains in urban rats, including an ESBL-producing strain (IMT20717) carrying bla CTX-M-9, bla TEM-1-like, sul2, strA, strB, aac(6′)-Ib-cr, and aadA. These strains exhibited resistance to multiple antimicrobial classes, including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in plasmids from multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Heidelberg isolates, including bla CMY, aadA, aadB, aphA, strA, strB, sul1, sul2, tetA, floR, cmlA, dfrA1, dfrA12, and aacC.

The study identifies multiple AMR genes and mutations in the EDR A. baumannii 53264 strain, including aac(6')-Iaf, aac(3)-Ia, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3')-Ic, strA/aph(3'')-Ib, blaOXA-23, blaTEM-1, sul1, sul3, and tet(B). Additionally, mutations in ampC, gyrB, parC, and qseC contribute to resistance against various antibiotics.

Class 1 integrons containing gene cassettes encoding resistance to streptomycin, spectinomycin, and trimethoprim were detected in captive brush-tailed rock wallabies, suggesting acquisition from human or domestic animal sources.

The study identifies multiple AMR genes and resistance islands in three multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, highlighting the role of genomic plasticity in the dissemination of resistance mechanisms.

The study developed a DNA microarray for genotyping antibiotic resistance determinants in Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates, identifying numerous resistance genes and mutations associated with carbapenem, aminoglycoside, fluoroquinolone, and other antibiotic resistances.

The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes in Pseudomonas putida HB3267, including aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, beta-lactamases, and sulfonamide resistance genes, contributing to its multidrug resistance profile.

The study identifies multidrug-resistant Providencia rettgeri clinical isolates in Nepal carrying bla NDM-1, bla OXA-72, and armA genes, which confer resistance to carbapenems and aminoglycosides.

The study identifies various AMR genes in Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium monophasic variant 4,[5],12:i:- strains, including aac(3)-IV, bla TEM-1, cmlA1, aadA1, aadA2, strA, sul1, sul2, sul3, tet(A), tet(B), and dfrA12, which confer resistance to multiple antibiotics.

The study identifies various AMR genes in Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium monophasic variant 4,[5],12:i:- strains, including aac(3)-IV, bla TEM-1, cmlA1, aadA1, aadA2, strA, sul1, sul2, sul3, tet(A), tet(B), and dfrA12, which confer resistance to multiple antibiotics.

The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella enterica serotype Heidelberg isolates, including bla, aac(6')-Ib, tet(M), qnrS1, and erm(B). Mutations in genes such as SEEHRA37_03221, SEEHRA37_24108, and others were associated with resistance traits.

The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella enterica serotype Heidelberg isolates, including bla, aac(6')-Ib, tet(M), qnrS1, and erm(B). Mutations in genes such as SEEHRA37_03221, SEEHRA37_24108, and others were associated with resistance traits.

The study identified multiple AMR genes including blaTEM, floR, tetA, strA, and aac(6')-Ib-cr in multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovars Indiana and Enteritidis from chickens in Eastern China.

The study identified multiple AMR genes in E. coli isolates from beef cattle in Japan, highlighting the diversity of resistance mechanisms and the potential for horizontal gene transfer.

The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes in the NDM-1-encoding Klebsiella pneumoniae strain, including eight beta-lactamase genes and various other resistance determinants, highlighting the complexity of its resistance profile.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes including sul1, tet(A), strA, aadA, cat, tet(G), and sul2 in the microbiota of ornamental fish carriage water. These genes were found to be prevalent and associated with various bacterial families.

The study identifies the aac(6')-Ib-cr4, strA, and sul2 genes as responsible for aminoglycoside, fluoroquinolone, and sulfonamide resistance in the quinolone-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium DT104B clinical strain Se20.

The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolates from Zambia, including strA, strB, blaTEM-1, sul1, sul2, dfrA7, and catA1. Mutations in the gyrA gene were also associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.

The study identifies the presence of class 1 integrons and bla CTX-M-15 genes in commensal E. coli isolates from healthy individuals in Chandigarh, India. It also detects several gene cassettes conferring resistance to trimethoprim, streptomycin, spectinomycin, streptothricin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and sulfonamides.

The study identified various AMR genes, including bla TEM, dfr, strB, tet(A), and tet(B), in Gram-negative fecal bacteria from volunteers treated with amoxicillin, minocycline, or placebo. The prevalence of these genes increased significantly in the amoxicillin-treated group.

The study identified various AMR genes, including bla TEM, dfr, strB, tet(A), and tet(B), in Gram-negative fecal bacteria from volunteers treated with amoxicillin, minocycline, or placebo. The prevalence of these genes increased significantly in the amoxicillin-treated group.

The study identifies a multidrug-resistant Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strain WJ66 with resistance genes aadA2, qepA, and QnrB, along with mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE contributing to fluoroquinolone resistance.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Choleraesuis strains, including blaTEM, strA, strB, aadA1, aadA2, aphA1, aacC2, tetB, sul1, sul2, dhfrXII, and dhfrXIII. Additionally, mutations in the QRDRs of gyrA and parC were associated with quinolone resistance.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Choleraesuis strains, including blaTEM, strA, strB, aadA1, aadA2, aphA1, aacC2, tetB, sul1, sul2, dhfrXII, and dhfrXIII. Additionally, mutations in the QRDRs of gyrA and parC were associated with quinolone resistance.

The study characterizes the resistance genetic determinants of the hypervirulent Acinetobacter baumannii strain LAC-4, identifying multiple beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, and RND-type efflux pumps contributing to its multidrug resistance.

The study identified bla CTX-M-15, aac (3)-IIa, aadA1, aadA2, aadA5, qnrB4, qnrS1, aac (6')-Ib-cr, bla OXA-1, bla TEM-1B, bla SHV-12, bla CMY-42, bla DHA-1, mphA, ermB, catA1, catB3, sul1, sul2, dfrA12, dfrA17, dfrA1, dfrA5, tetA, tetB, and tetD as key AMR genes in ESBL-producing E. coli isolates in Nepal, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug resistance.

The study describes an outbreak of colistin-resistant KPC-producing K. pneumoniae ST258 in the Netherlands, highlighting the presence of multiple resistance genes including blaKPC-2, blaSHV-12, and various other AMR genes.

The study characterizes various antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) in Aeromonas strains, highlighting the presence of beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, tetracycline resistance genes, and others. These genes are often located on plasmids and contribute to multidrug resistance.

The study identified vancomycin resistance genes (vanB, vanC1, vanC2/3), erythromycin resistance gene (ermB), and streptomycin resistance gene (strA) in Enterococcus spp. isolated from pig fecal samples. High levels of multidrug resistance were observed, with resistance to vancomycin, erythromycin, and streptomycin being particularly prevalent.

The study identifies the CTX-M-15 beta-lactamase gene and other resistance genes such as strA, strB, and aac(3)-IIC in the H30-Rx subclone of E. coli ST131, highlighting its multidrug-resistant nature.

The study identified various resistance gene cassettes within class 1 and 2 integrons in Staphylococcus aureus isolates, including aadB, aadA2, dhfrA1, dhfrA11, aacA4, blaoxa2, sat2, catB3, and cmlA6, which confer resistance to aminoglycosides, trimethoprim, beta-lactams, and chloramphenicol.

The study identified several AMR genes in Bordetella bronchiseptica isolates, including blaBOR-1, blaOXA, strA, strB, sul1, sul2, dfrA7, and tet(A). These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, streptomycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline.

The study identified antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in bacteriophage and bacterial fractions of agricultural soil, demonstrating that soilborne bacteriophage represents a reservoir of antibiotic resistance and that bacteriophage could play a significant role in the horizontal transfer of resistance genes in agricultural soil microbiomes.

The study reports the draft genome sequence of an E. coli strain carrying 12 acquired antibiotic resistance genes, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, sulfonamide resistance, trimethoprim resistance, tetracycline resistance, and streptothricin resistance.

The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes in Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 isolates from dairy cattle farms in South Africa, including blaampC, blacmy, blactxm, blatem, tetA, and strA.

The study identified two types of plasmids harboring qnr genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from municipal wastewater biosolids. One plasmid, pKPSH-11XL, was a large multidrug-resistant IncF plasmid containing qnrB, beta-lactamase genes, tetracycline resistance genes, aminoglycoside resistance genes, and chloramphenicol resistance genes. Another group of smaller plasmids contained qnrS and other resistance genes.

The study identified several AMR genes, including aac(3)-Id, aadA2, aadA4, aadA7, dfrA15, lnuF, sat, and estX, in multidrug-resistant Salmonella strains isolated from poultry meat and diarrheic patients in Egypt.

The study identifies multiple AMR genes in the multidrug-resistant E. coli strain 912, including aac(3)-IV, blaTEM-1, sul2, aph(4), tet(X), and strA/B, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as gentamicin, apramycin, sulfonamides, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, and streptomycin.

The study identified several AMR genes in E. coli isolates from wastewater effluents, including strA, aadA, catI, cmlA1, blaTEM, and various tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetB, tetC, tetD, tetK, tetM). These genes conferred resistance to multiple antibiotics such as streptomycin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and tetracycline.

The study identified blaOXA-23 and blaAmpC genes contributing to carbapenem and extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance, and mutations in pmrA, pmrB, lpxD, lpxC, and lpsB genes linked to polymyxin resistance in A. baumannii AC30.

The study identified a bla ROB-1 gene in an integrative conjugative element (ICE) of M. haemolytica, which had a single nucleotide substitution leading to a non-functional gene and sensitivity to ampicillin.

The study found that ESBL-plasmid carriage does not reduce fitness but enhances virulence in some strains of pandemic E. coli lineages. It identified several AMR genes on the ESBL-plasmids, including beta-lactamases (blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-27, blaCTX-M-14), tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetR), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aadA, aac(6')-Ib-cr), chloramphenicol resistance gene (catB4), sulfonamide resistance gene (sul2), streptomycin resistance genes (strA, strB), dihydrofolate reductase genes (dhfrVII, dfrA17), and aminoglycoside phosphotransferase gene (aph(3')-Ia). Non-antibiotic resistance genes such as finO, traT, icc, yfaX, yihA, and hha were also identified.

The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes in IncHI1 plasmids of Salmonella Typhimurium, including tet(B), tet(A), blaTEM, strA, strB, sul2, aadA, dfrA, catA1, aphA1a, and aad(3)IId, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as tetracycline, beta-lactam, streptomycin, sulfonamide, aminoglycoside, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim.

The study presents SSTAR, a software tool for identifying antimicrobial resistance (AR) genes from whole-genome sequencing data. It detects known AR genes and potential new variants, including truncated forms. The tool was applied to analyze resistance genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae ST437 and Escherichia coli ST44, revealing various beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside resistance genes, and porin mutations contributing to resistance.

The study presents SSTAR, a software tool for identifying antimicrobial resistance (AR) genes from whole-genome sequencing data. It detects known AR genes and potential new variants, including truncated forms. The tool was applied to analyze resistance genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae ST437 and Escherichia coli ST44, revealing various beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside resistance genes, and porin mutations contributing to resistance.

The study identified 65 unique resistance genes in nontyphoidal Salmonella, including bla CTX-M1 and bla SHV2a, which were first reported in retail meat isolates in the United States. The research highlights the effectiveness of whole-genome sequencing in detecting antimicrobial resistance genes and correlating them with phenotypic resistance.

The study identified 65 unique resistance genes in nontyphoidal Salmonella, including bla CTX-M1 and bla SHV2a, which were first reported in retail meat isolates in the United States. The research highlights the effectiveness of whole-genome sequencing in detecting antimicrobial resistance genes and correlating them with phenotypic resistance.

The study reports the first occurrence of OXA-72-producing Acinetobacter baumannii in Serbia, highlighting the presence of multiple AMR genes including blaOXA-72, aadA2, strA, strB, aphA6, armA, blaADC-25, and blaOXA-66, along with fluoroquinolone resistance mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE.

The study presents a real-time analysis framework for MinION sequencing data, demonstrating the ability to identify pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes within a few hours of sequencing. Key resistance genes identified include blaSHV, mphA, strA, strB, blaTEM, sul2, blaOXA, aac3, aac6, blaCMY, blaCFE, blaLAT, blaBIL, QnrB, aadA, oqxA, tetA, oqxB, rmtC, sul1, sul3, fosA, blaNDM, oqxA, blaSHV, oqxB, aadB, sul1, sul3, blaOXA, blaOKP, fosA, blaSHV, blaOKP, blaLEN, oqxA, and oqxB.

The study reports the identification of several AMR genes in a multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Bardo strain, including strA, strB, cmy-94, floR, sulII, tet(A), and aac6-Iy.

The study identifies the bla NDM-1 gene as a major cause of carbapenem resistance in Vibrio fluvialis isolates from Kolkata, India. Several additional resistance genes, including aadA1, aadB, aac(6')-Ib-cr, sul1, sul3, floR, bla OXA-1, bla OXA-7, bla OXA-9, bla TEM-9, bla CTX-M-3, strA, and tetB, were also characterized.

The study identified several AMR genes in Gram-negative bacteria from fresh produce, including mcr-1, qnrA1, blaGES-11, mphA, and oqxAB, highlighting the presence of mobile genetic elements and clinically relevant resistance genes.

The study identifies the blaIMP-4 gene in Salmonella enterica Typhimurium from cats, which confers resistance to carbapenems. The gene is part of a multidrug-resistant IncHI2 plasmid carrying various resistance genes.

The study identified several AMR genes in environmental isolates of Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 in Haiti, including strA, strB, sul1, sul2, ermA, ermB, and mefA, which confer resistance to streptomycin, sulfonamide, and erythromycin.

The study identified multiple AMR genes, including blaCTX-M-15, blaOXA-1, aac(6')-Ib-cr, tet(A), mphA, strA, strB, aadA5, sul1, sul2, dfrA12, dfrA17, catA1, and catB3, in ESBL-producing E. coli ST131 isolates from Nepal and Japan. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics, including β-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, macrolides, sulfonamides, and chloramphenicol.

The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes in Mannheimia haemolytica, particularly in genotype 2, subtype 2b isolates, which are associated with the lungs of cattle with respiratory disease and contain various combinations of resistance genes.

The study identifies multiple carbapenemase genes (bla KPC-2, bla KPC-3, bla KPC-4, and bla NDM-1) and other resistance genes (such as qnrB19, qnrB2, qnrS1, bla TEM-1A, bla TEM-1B, bla OXA-9, bla SHV-12, aadA2, aac(6')-Ib, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3')-Ic, strA, strB, sul1, sul2, dfrA14, dfrA18, mph(A), catB3, arr-3, and tet(D)) in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter spp. These genes are primarily located on plasmids and contribute to multidrug resistance.

The study identifies multiple carbapenemase genes (bla KPC-2, bla KPC-3, bla KPC-4, and bla NDM-1) and other resistance genes (such as qnrB19, qnrB2, qnrS1, bla TEM-1A, bla TEM-1B, bla OXA-9, bla SHV-12, aadA2, aac(6')-Ib, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3')-Ic, strA, strB, sul1, sul2, dfrA14, dfrA18, mph(A), catB3, arr-3, and tet(D)) in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter spp. These genes are primarily located on plasmids and contribute to multidrug resistance.

The study identified numerous antimicrobial resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolates from river water, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant and extraintestinal pathogenic strains. Key resistance genes included blaTEM-1, aac(3)-IId, qnrB7, and others.

The study identified numerous antimicrobial resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolates from river water, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant and extraintestinal pathogenic strains. Key resistance genes included blaTEM-1, aac(3)-IId, qnrB7, and others.

The study reports the draft genome sequences of two pandrug-resistant Serratia marcescens clinical isolates carrying multiple antibiotic resistance genes, including blaNDM-1, blaSHV-12, blaTEM-1B, blaCMY-6, sul1, sul2, rmtC, aacA4, aac(6')Ib-c, strA, strB, dfrA18, qnrA1, catA2, aac(6')-Ic, tet(41), and ampC.

The study characterizes various AMR genes and mutations in K. pneumoniae panel strains, including beta-lactamases (bla SHV-11, bla TEM-1, bla CTX-M15, bla OXA-1, bla SHV-12, bla SHV-187, bla SHV-158, bla DHA-1, bla CMY-2), aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (aac(6')-Ib, strA, strB, aadA1, aadA2), quinolone resistance genes (qnrB66, qnrB4, oqxA, oqxB), tetracycline resistance (tet(A)), trimethoprim resistance (dfrA14), sulfonamide resistance (sul1, sul2), and porin genes (OmpK35, OmpK36).

The study identified various AMR genes in Salmonella enterica serovars isolated from chicken farms in Egypt, including blaTEM, aadA2, floR, cat1, sul1, sul3, tetC, tetA, and intI, which confer resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, and multiple antibiotics.

The study identifies carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter indicus-like isolates from cattle carrying the blaOXA-23 gene, along with various other AMR genes such as aac(3)-IIa, strA/B, aph(3')-Ic, sul2, floR, tet(A), tet(Y), aadA1, aadB, sul1, and tet(X).

The study identifies several AMR genes and mutations associated with multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the UK and Ireland, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, tetracycline efflux pumps, and mutations in gyrB contributing to fluoroquinolone resistance.

The study identifies a novel sequence type of Escherichia coli (ST-458) responsible for pyelonephritis and bloodstream infection, carrying multiple antibiotic resistance genes and mutations associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, and beta-lactams.

The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella enterica isolates from dairy cattle and humans in New York and Washington States, highlighting the role of geographic and source-specific factors in AMR dissemination.

The study identifies several AMR genes in ST95 E. coli strains, including blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M14, aadA1, aadA2, aadA5, aac3, strA, strB, tetA, tetB, tetD, sul1, sul2, dfrA5, dfrA12, dfrA17, mphA, and catA1, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, cephalothin, streptomycin, tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, azithromycin, and chloramphenicol.

The study identifies several AMR genes in ST95 E. coli strains, including blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M14, aadA1, aadA2, aadA5, aac3, strA, strB, tetA, tetB, tetD, sul1, sul2, dfrA5, dfrA12, dfrA17, mphA, and catA1, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, cephalothin, streptomycin, tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, azithromycin, and chloramphenicol.

The study identified various AMR genes including dfrA1, dfrA7, dfrA12, aadA1, aadA2, sul1, tetA, aacC1, TEM, SHV, CTX-M, OXA, NDM-1, IMP, VIM, ACT, DHA, and CMY in E. coli isolates from children in Delhi, India. These genes were associated with resistance to multiple antibiotics such as trimethoprim, streptomycin, sulfonamides, tetracycline, gentamicin, and various beta-lactams.

The study identifies the presence of multiple antibiotic resistance genes in the Shigella flexneri strain SP1, including blaCTX-M-14, blaOXA-1, aadA24, strA, strB, catA1, tetD, sul2, and dfrA1, which contribute to its multidrug-resistant phenotype.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in the multidrug-resistant, heat-resistant E. coli strain FAM21845, including beta-lactamase blaTEM-1, aminoglycoside resistance genes strA, strB, aadA1, aph(3')-Ic, aph(4)-Ia, aac(3)-IVa, sulfonamide resistance gene sul1, trimethoprim resistance gene dfrA1, tetracycline resistance gene tet(B), disinfectant resistance gene qacEΔ1, and biofilm-related genes mrkABCDF. Additionally, the strain carried genes for resistance to arsenic, silver, and copper.

The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates from North Carolina community hospitals, including bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-14, aac(6′)-Ib-cr, qnrS1, and mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE that confer resistance to various antibiotics.

The study characterizes a blaNDM-1-harboring plasmid from a Salmonella enterica clinical isolate in China, identifying multiple resistance genes including blaNDM-1, blaCMY-6, dfrA12, aadA2, rmtC, qacEΔ1, sul1, and bleMBL.

The study characterized IncA/C2 plasmids carrying In809-like integrons from Enterobacteriaceae isolates of wildlife origin, identifying several AMR genes including blaIMP-4, blaIMP-26, blaIMP-38, sul2, floR, aac(3)-IId, qnrA1, arr-3, dfrA12, aphA1, aadA16, aadA2, blaOXA-1, blaTEM-1, and blaDHA-1.

The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes in bacterial isolates associated with bovine respiratory disease, including ermF, dfrA14, tetH, sul2, floR, aph3-Ia, ROB-1, and cat2. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as macrolides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, phenicols, aminoglycosides, and beta-lactams.

The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes, including bla_CMY-2, bla_TEM, aadA2, tet(A), tet(B), sul1, and sul2, in multiple Salmonella serotypes isolated from swine farm environments. These genes were found on plasmids and contributed to resistance against beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, and sulfonamides.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes on IncA/C plasmids from various Salmonella serovars, including bla_cmy-2, bla_tem-1, strA, strB, aadB, aph(3')-Ia, tetA, floR, cmlA, sul1, sul2, dfra12, quacE, sugE, merA, merB, merC, merD, and merE, which contribute to multidrug resistance.

The study demonstrates the feasibility of rapid nanopore sequencing for detecting plasmid-borne antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in clinical isolates. It identifies several AMR genes, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, sulfonamide resistance genes, tetracycline resistance genes, macrolide resistance genes, and phenicol resistance genes, in both Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates.

The study demonstrates the feasibility of rapid nanopore sequencing for detecting plasmid-borne antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in clinical isolates. It identifies several AMR genes, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, sulfonamide resistance genes, tetracycline resistance genes, macrolide resistance genes, and phenicol resistance genes, in both Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates.

Four multidrug resistance plasmids were captured from the sediments of an urban coastal wetland. These plasmids carried various resistance genes, including beta-lactamases, tetracycline resistance genes, sulfonamide resistance genes, and others, conferring resistance to multiple antibiotics.

The study identifies several AMR genes in an extensively drug-resistant E. coli ST1642 isolate, including blaKPC-2, blaSHV-11, blaTEM-1, aadA5, strA, strB, aac(3)-IId, mph(A), sul1, sul2, tet(B), dfrA17, and qnrS1, which contribute to resistance against multiple antibiotics.

The paper presents ARIBA, a tool for identifying antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations from sequencing data. It evaluates the performance of ARIBA on three datasets, demonstrating its accuracy and efficiency in detecting resistance genes and mutations in Enterococcus faecium, Shigella sonnei, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

The study identifies 13 antibiotic resistance genes in a multidrug-resistant Aeromonas salmonicida strain, including the ESBL CTX-M-3, TEM-1, and the unusual β-lactamase SCO-1, along with other resistance mechanisms such as aminoglycoside modification, sulfonamide resistance, tetracycline efflux, and chloramphenicol acetylation.

The study identifies several antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents and lake sediments, highlighting the influence of WWTPs on the dispersal of these genes in aquatic environments. Key ARGs include strA, acrB, adeJ, mexB, and smeE, which are associated with aminoglycoside and multidrug resistance.

The study identified 17 antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in 103 class 1 integron-positive Escherichia coli strains from porcine feces, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug-resistant commensal E. coli in pigs and their potential role in the dissemination of resistance genes.

The study identified a high prevalence of CTX-M-15-type ESBL-producing E. coli in migratory avian species in Pakistan, highlighting the role of wild birds as reservoirs of multidrug-resistant bacteria and the potential for horizontal gene transfer of resistance determinants.

The study identified a high prevalence of CTX-M-15-type ESBL-producing E. coli in migratory avian species in Pakistan, highlighting the role of wild birds as reservoirs of multidrug-resistant bacteria and the potential for horizontal gene transfer of resistance determinants.