The study shows that the AcrB multidrug efflux pump and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) contribute to intrinsic antibiotic resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Disruption of acrB or LPS biosynthesis genes increases susceptibility to multiple antibiotics, and AcrB overexpression partially restores resistance in LPS mutants.

The G616N substitution in the AcrB switch loop reduces resistance to macrolides and other drugs, affecting the transport of large molecules.

The study identifies the role of AcrAB-TolC and OqxAB efflux pumps in tigecycline resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae, highlighting the importance of their overexpression in resistance mechanisms.

The study identifies that overexpression of acrB and ramA contributes to tigecycline resistance in KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae through efflux pump activation, and mutations in ramR lead to increased tigecycline MICs.

The study identifies the acrRAB operon as a key mediator of resistance to erythromycin and doxycycline in E. coli, highlighting its role in multidrug efflux and the development of resistance under sublethal antibiotic dosages.

The study characterizes the role of RND-type efflux pumps in Enterobacter cloacae, highlighting the critical role of AcrB in antimicrobial resistance and virulence, and identifies other RND pumps that may contribute to multidrug resistance.

The study identifies multiple multi-drug efflux genes, including tolC, acrA, acrB, acrD, acrF, emrA, emrB, macA, and macB, which are significantly upregulated in persister cells, contributing to reduced antibiotic accumulation and increased drug tolerance.

The study shows that targeting the acrA gene with PPMOs increases antibiotic susceptibility in E. coli by inhibiting the AcrAB-TolC efflux system, thereby enhancing the efficacy of various antibiotics.

The study identified a truncated mgrB gene as a potential mechanism for polymyxin B resistance in a multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain.

The study identifies acrB overexpression as a key mechanism contributing to chloramphenicol resistance in E. coli, highlighting the role of metabolic adaptations in antibiotic resistance evolution.

The study identifies the overexpression of acrB and oqxB efflux pump genes as potential contributors to tigecycline resistance in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) isolates.

The study identified a β-lactam resistance gene, NPS β-lactamase, and several multidrug resistance efflux pump genes, including acrB, cmeB, macA, and macB, in Pannonibacter phragmitetus strain 31801, which contributes to its resistance to various antibiotics.

The study identifies several antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents and lake sediments, highlighting the influence of WWTPs on the dispersal of these genes in aquatic environments. Key ARGs include strA, acrB, adeJ, mexB, and smeE, which are associated with aminoglycoside and multidrug resistance.

The study identified the overexpression of gyrA, acrB, and MUS-1 genes in Myroides odoratimimus during the transition from planktonic to biofilm lifestyle, contributing to antibiotic resistance.

The study identifies specific mutations in the AcrB efflux transporter that enhance resistance to erythromycin, ethidium bromide, and berberine by altering the drug efflux pathways.

The study identifies nfsB and nfsA as key genes involved in the activation of nitrothiophene carboxamide (NTC) compounds, which are effective against multidrug-resistant E. coli and other Gram-negative bacteria. Mutants lacking these genes showed reduced susceptibility to the compounds, highlighting their role in the antibacterial mechanism.

The study characterizes the role of efflux pumps AcrAB and OqxAB in conferring resistance to various antibiotics, as well as the impact of mutations in porin genes ompK35 and ompK36 on antibiotic susceptibility in Klebsiella pneumoniae.

The study identifies sll0180 and slr2131 as genes involved in antibiotic resistance and free fatty acid efflux in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Their deletion leads to decreased antibiotic tolerance and altered FFA concentrations, which can be partially restored by complementation with E. coli acrA or acrB.

The study identifies various antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) associated with multidrug resistance, including macrolide, beta-lactam, tetracycline, and methicillin resistance genes, highlighting the presence of these genes in postmortem microbiome samples.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in Tetragenococcus halophilus strains isolated from Xuanwei ham, including acrB, blaTEM, AAda1, SulII, and GyrB, which confer resistance to aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, sulfonamides, and quinolones.

The study identified bla CTX-M-15 and bla NDM as prevalent β-lactamase genes in multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates. Additionally, several efflux pump genes including acrB, oqxA, kexD, kdeA, and kpnF were found to contribute to β-lactam resistance.

The study identifies a mutation in the AcrB efflux pump (R717Q and R717L) as the molecular basis of azithromycin resistance in Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi A strains in Bangladesh.

The study identified Salmonella Bredeney resistant to third-generation cephalosporins in Saudi Arabia, highlighting the presence of 13 cephalosporin resistance-associated genes, including a novel gene LEN-23.

The study demonstrates the capability of MinION sequencing combined with NanoOK RT software to rapidly identify pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance gene profiles in preterm infants, enabling real-time diagnostics and resistance profiling.

The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella Typhi isolates, including beta-lactamases (blaTEM-1B, blaTEM-116), chloramphenicol resistance gene (catA1), trimethoprim resistance genes (dfrA7, dfrA15), sulfamethoxazole resistance genes (sul1, sul2), and fluoroquinolone resistance mutations in gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE genes.

The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes in Klebsiella isolates from preterm infants, highlighting the presence of multidrug resistance mechanisms.

Chlorpromazine and amitriptyline were identified as efflux inhibitors of the AcrAB-TolC multidrug efflux pump. Mutations in ramR and marR were found to confer resistance to chlorpromazine by overexpressing AcrAB-TolC.

The study identified several genes involved in fluoroquinolone susceptibility in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, including efflux pumps (acrA, acrB, tolC), regulatory genes (marA, phoP), and DNA repair genes (uvrD, xseA).

The study reports the first experimentally-derived structure of the AcrB transporter from Salmonella Typhimurium, highlighting the G288D mutation's role in enhancing fluoroquinolone resistance through structural and dynamic changes.

The study identifies the role of the AcrAB efflux pump and its transcriptional activator MarA in tigecycline resistance in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. Mutations in acrR, ramR, oqxR, and tet(A) are associated with increased tigecycline resistance.

The study identified a Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strain isolated from a red panda that exhibited resistance to multiple antibiotics, including aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, and macrolides. The strain possessed 20 resistance genes, such as acra, acrb, mdte, mdtf, mdtn, mdto, mdtp, tolc, arna, baca, bcr, bl1_ec, emre, ksga, macb, mdfa, mdtg, mdth, mdtk, and mdtl, which contribute to multidrug resistance.

The study identifies 18 genes involved in E. coli persistence to tosufloxacin, including surA and lpcA, which show significant defects in persistence. These genes are periplasmic proteins and enzymes, and their mutants exhibit increased susceptibility to tosufloxacin and other stresses.

Two Colombian clinical Providencia rettgeri isolates co-harboring NDM-1, VIM-2, and other β-lactamases were characterized. The isolates exhibited resistance to multiple antibiotics, including carbapenems, cephalosporins, and aminoglycosides.

The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in Pseudomonas spp. isolated from chicken meat in Norway, including beta-lactamases, efflux pumps, and genes involved in resistance to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and colistin.

The study identified several AMR genes and mutations contributing to carbapenem resistance in K. pneumoniae isolates from urine, including bla TEM, bla SHV, bla CTX-M, bla DHA, bla KPC, bla VIM, and mutations in ompK35 and ompK36.

The study identified OXA-48 and NDM-1 as the most prevalent carbapenemase genes, and highlighted the role of AcrA/B and OqxAB efflux pumps in carbapenem resistance among Enterobacteriaceae in Iran.

The study presents Pathogenwatch, a web application for genomic surveillance of Salmonella Typhi, demonstrating its utility in predicting antimicrobial resistance and monitoring the spread of high-risk clones. It identifies specific mutations in gyrA and parC genes associated with ciprofloxacin resistance and a non-synonymous mutation in acrB linked to azithromycin resistance.

The study characterizes the multidrug efflux pump AcrB, highlighting its role in transporting various antibiotics including beta-lactams, phenicols, macrolides, oxacillin, novobiocin, and fusidic acid through distinct pathways and binding sites.

The study identified a non-synonymous mutation in the acrB gene (R717L) as the mechanism of azithromycin resistance in Salmonella Typhi isolates from Nepal.

The study identified several AMR genes in E. coli isolates from bovine mastitis, including beta-lactamases (blaTEM-1, blaCARB-3, blaCMY-59), tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetB, tetC), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aph(3')-Ia, aph(3'')-Ib, aph(6)-Id, aadA2), and multidrug efflux pump genes (acrA, acrB, acrD, tolC, baeR, emrA, emrB).

The study identified several AMR genes and mutations contributing to ciprofloxacin and tigecycline resistance in XDR Salmonella enterica isolates, including qepA, qnrS, qnrA, tet(A), and gyrA mutations. Overexpression of ramA was also linked to resistance.

The study identified the carbapenemase gene blaKPC-2 and blaKPC-24, along with fosfomycin resistance gene fosA6, and various extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes such as blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-65, and blaCTX-M-27 in KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains. Additionally, genes associated with fluoroquinolone, macrolide, aminoglycoside, and sulfonamide resistance were also characterized.

The study identified several antibiotic and metal(loid) resistance genes in gut microbiota from chronic kidney disease (CKD) subjects, including genes encoding beta-lactamases, quinolone resistance proteins, macrolide phosphotransferases, and efflux pumps. Additionally, genes conferring resistance to arsenicals and heavy metals were detected.

The study characterizes the roles of mlaA, acrB, ompCF, and aceI in chlorhexidine resistance in E. coli through gene deletion mutants and plasmid transformants, demonstrating that these genes contribute to increased MIC values and altered membrane permeability.

The study reports the draft genome sequences of seven multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from river water, identifying various antibiotic resistance genes and mutations associated with resistance to multiple antibiotics.

The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella isolates from waterfowl in Sichuan, China, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, tetracycline efflux pumps, and quinolone resistance genes. Mutations in gyrA and gyrB were associated with nalidixic acid resistance.

The study identified mutations in envZ, acrB, ramR, and ftsI as major contributors to cefotaxime resistance in Salmonella Typhimurium, highlighting the impact of genetic background on resistance evolution beyond collateral sensitivity.

The paper discusses the presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in bivalve molluscs, highlighting the spread of resistance to various antibiotics such as colistin, beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines. It emphasizes the role of bivalve aquacultures in the dissemination of ARGs and the potential risks to human health through the food chain.

The study identified several AMR genes in avian strains of Escherichia fergusonii, including beta-lactamases (CTX-M, OXA, TEM), tetracycline resistance genes (Tet(X4)), and colistin resistance gene (MCR-1.1). Avian strains were found to have higher AMR dissemination potential compared to other sources.

The study identifies specific antibacterial resistance (ABR) genes that may contribute to exponential cell division in the presence of antibiotics for various pathogens, including Klebsiella pneumoniae, Citrobacter freundii, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Veillonella parvula, and Clostridium perfringens.

The study characterizes Brevundimonas brasiliensis sp. nov., a novel species isolated from a neonatal intensive care unit, and identifies several antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations associated with resistance to β-lactams, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and colistin.

The study identifies several genes involved in Salmonella biofilm-associated antibiotic resistance, including efflux pumps, porins, and stress response proteins, highlighting their role in multidrug resistance and biofilm formation.

The study identifies several AMR genes in a multidrug-resistant Klebsiella aerogenes strain, including genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, and others. The strain was found to be susceptible to carbapenems and polymyxins.

The study identified 42 antimicrobial resistance genes (ARG) in Helicobacter pylori, including 16 related to single antibiotic class resistance and 26 related to multidrug resistance. Key genes include hp1181, copA, msbA, vanT, vanTr, mepA, and several RND efflux pumps. These genes were validated through multiple detection tools and curation processes.

The study identifies specific genetic mutations in E. coli that confer antibiotic cross-resistance following exposure to antiviral drugs, including mutations in acrB, crp, yhdY, and tdk.

The study identifies the emergence of azithromycin resistance in Salmonella Typhi due to mutations in the acrB gene, particularly the R717Q mutation. It also notes the widespread presence of ciprofloxacin non-susceptibility and extensive drug resistance (XDR) in certain regions, primarily linked to specific genotypes and mutations in gyrase and topoisomerase genes.

The study identifies the AcrB efflux pump as a key mediator of induced and intrinsic resistance to sanguinarine in E. coli. Mutations in acrR and marR contribute to increased resistance to sanguinarine and other antimicrobials.

The study identified mutations in the acrB gene leading to upregulation of the efflux pump and mutations in the tetR gene causing loss of TetR function, both contributing to tetracycline resistance in E. coli under different drug administration regimens.

The study identifies acrB as a target for pyridylpiperazine efflux pump inhibitors, demonstrating that BDM91288 can reverse levofloxacin resistance in K. pneumoniae, including in ramR null mutants.

The study identifies acrB as a target for pyridylpiperazine efflux pump inhibitors, demonstrating that BDM91288 can reverse levofloxacin resistance in K. pneumoniae, including in ramR null mutants.

The study identified specific mutations in the ftsI, acrA, acrB, and acrR genes associated with imipenem heteroresistance in Haemophilus influenzae strains isolated from COPD patients.

The study identified a diverse array of antimicrobial resistance genes in drinking water stored in cisterns from two First Nations communities in Manitoba, Canada. Key findings include the presence of genes such as aac(3')-Ia, aac(6')-Iia, aac(6')-Iic, aph(3')-Ia, acrD, smeB, smeR, FEZ-1, rm3, SPG-1, OXA-21, OXA-119, OXA-205, dfrA14, dfrB6, acrB, acrF, adeF, ceoB, emrA, mexE, mexF, mexI, oprN, oqxB, BRP(MBL), vanSO, axyY, CRP, efrB, macB, mexB, mexC, mexD, mexK, mexQ, mexW, mexY, mtrA, muxB, muxC, oleB, oleC, ompB, oprM, smeD, smeE, golS, mdsB, PER-2, TEM-126, msbA, arnA, bacA, bcrA, MCR-5, rosA, rosB, rpoB2, ugd, mexN, taeA, efpA, rphA, rphB, otr(A), otrC, tetA(48 ), ompH, and triC, which confer resistance to various antibiotics including aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, cephalosporins, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, monobactams, nitroimidazoles, peptides, phenicols, pleuromutilins, rifamycins, tetracyclines, and triclosan.

The study identified several carbapenemase and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes, including bla NDM-1, bla NDM-4, bla NDM-5, bla NDM-7, bla OXA-181, bla OXA-232, bla KPC-3, bla CTX-M-15, bla SFO-1, bla ACT, and bla CMH-3, in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex isolates from Kolkata, India. Novel integrons (In180, In4874, In4887, and In4888) were also discovered.

The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes in E. coli WG5D, including multidrug efflux pumps and genes conferring resistance to various antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins, and glycopeptides.

The study identifies two mutations in the AcrB efflux pump, R717L and Q176K, which contribute to multidrug resistance in Salmonella by altering substrate recognition and efflux efficiency.

The study identifies a novel pathogenic species, Stenotrophomonas pigmentata sp. nov., which exhibits resistance to multiple antibiotics, including β-lactams, carbapenems, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Several multidrug resistance efflux pump and antibiotic resistance genes were found in its genome.

The study identified several genes involved in intrinsic macrolide resistance in E. coli, including surA, waaG, acrA, acrB, tolC, lptC, bamB, lpp, tolA, tolB, tolR, waaQ, gmhB, galU, waaP, lapC, prc, nlpI, hrpA, and pgm. These genes are associated with outer membrane integrity, efflux pumps, LPS biosynthesis, and peptidoglycan metabolism.

The study identified qnrS as a plasmid-encoded quinolone resistance gene and acrB Arg717Gln as an azithromycin resistance mutation in Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A in Bangladesh, Nepal, and Malawi.

The study found that indole produced by Escherichia coli downregulated the expression of RND efflux pump genes (acrA, acrB, oqxA, and oqxB) in Klebsiella pneumoniae, leading to reduced antibiotic resistance.

The study identifies multiple efflux pump-encoding genes in the E. coli strain EC092, which contribute to its resistance against several antibiotics including tetracycline, trimethoprim, streptomycin, and sulfamethoxazole.

The study identified multiple AMR genes, including NDM-5, CTX-M-15, TEM-1, and others, in carbapenem-resistant and ESBL-producing multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates from urinary tract infections.

The study shows that disrupting zinc homeostasis using PBT2 and zinc ions can reverse tigecycline resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae by inhibiting efflux pump mechanisms.

The study identified several genes and mutations involved in colistin heteroresistance in Enterobacter cloacae complex, including mgrB, phoP, phoQ, arnA, acrB, ramA, and soxS. Mutations in phoQ and mgrB were also found to contribute to colistin heteroresistance.

Exposure to domestic laundry detergents induced antibiotic cross-resistance in S. aureus and K. pneumoniae, with mutations in mgrA and acrB genes playing a role in resistance mechanisms.

The study identified mutations in the acrB gene that enhance tetracycline efflux and loss-of-function mutations in tetR that result in constitutive expression of the TetA efflux pump, both contributing to increased tetracycline resistance in E. coli.

The study reports the first isolation of Escherichia marmotae from Berylmys bowersi and identifies antibiotic resistance mechanisms, including resistance to fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, penicillins, erythromycin, and co-trimoxazole.

The study identified aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS, and the AcrAB efflux system as key contributors to fluoroquinolone resistance in E. coli isolates from Thai UTI patients, alongside specific mutations in gyrA and parC genes.

The study identifies ampC and acrB mutations as key contributors to β-lactam resistance in E. coli lacking RecA, highlighting a novel SOS-independent resistance mechanism.

The study identified the AcrAB-TolC efflux pump genes as a significant contributor to ciprofloxacin resistance in E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates in Nepal.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations in E. coli under potentiated sulphonamide pressure, highlighting the role of efflux pumps and folate pathway modifications in resistance development.

Deletion of acrB in K. pneumoniae Ecl8 and ATCC 43816 resulted in increased susceptibility to several antibiotics, while deletion of ramR led to overexpression of acrAB-TolC and reduced susceptibility. The AcrAB-TolC efflux pump contributes to antimicrobial resistance and virulence in a strain-dependent manner.