Browse AMR Genes
Explore antimicrobial resistance genes from the literature
Explore antimicrobial resistance genes from the literature
multidrug efflux RND transporter permease subunit AcrF
Overview
| Protein Change | Nucleotide Change | Mechanism | Organism | Resistance To | Database | Validation Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V629I | - | - | Escherichia coli | norfloxacin | Reslit | Candidate |
| Allele | Database | Papers | Drug Classes | Organisms | Countries | Years | Sequence Accession | Protein Accession |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AcrF | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogReslit | 16 | EFFLUX, tetracycline +29 | Escherichia coli str. K-12 substr. MG1655 +5 | Ireland|United States|various, India, Norway|China, Brazil, Lebanon, Manitoba, Canada, South Africa, Finland, Peru | 2005, 2013, 2016, 2018, 2019, 2021, 2022, 2024, 2025 | U00096.3 | AAC76298.1 |
| acrF/envD | Reslit | 1 | benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine | Klebsiella pneumoniae +1 | Brazil | 2024 | - | - |
Cell division defects in Escherichia coli deficient in the multidrug efflux transporter AcrEF-TolC.
Cell division defects in Escherichia coli deficient in the multidrug efflux transporter AcrEF-TolC.
Complete genome sequence and phenotype microarray analysis of Cronobacter sakazakii SP291: a persistent isolate cultured from a powdered infant formula production facility.
The study identified several AMR genes in Cronobacter sakazakii SP291, including tellurite resistance genes (terX, terW, terA, terB, terC, terD), heavy metal efflux genes (cusS, cusR, cusC, cusF, czcB, czcA, cusA, copG, pcoS, pcoB, pcoA), and oxidative stress resistance genes (yebA, yibP, hmp, grxB, grxC).
Enhanced Efflux Activity Facilitates Drug Tolerance in Dormant Bacterial Cells.
The study identifies multiple multi-drug efflux genes, including tolC, acrA, acrB, acrD, acrF, emrA, emrB, macA, and macB, which are significantly upregulated in persister cells, contributing to reduced antibiotic accumulation and increased drug tolerance.
Transcriptional Response of AcrEF-TolC against Fluoroquinolone and Carbapenem in Escherichia coli of Clinical Origin
The study highlights that AcrEF-TolC plays a significant role in fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, alongside qnr genes and gyr region mutations.
Metagenomic identification of severe pneumonia pathogens in mechanically-ventilated patients: a feasibility and clinical validity study.
The study identified several AMR genes using Nanopore sequencing, including mecA, blaTEM-4, blaTEM-112, blaTEM-157, blaACT-5, oqxB, tetC, ermA, erm (33), tet38, ant(4′)-lb, tetK, tetQ, sul1, dfrA, acrF, parE, mfd, mphA, aadA5, vgaC, blaACT-5, blaACT-14, mefA, mel, tetX, tetM, isaC, and aadA5, which conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as methicillin, ticarcillin, ceftazidime, erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin.
Antibiotic Resistance and Phylogeny of Pseudomonas spp. Isolated over Three Decades from Chicken Meat in the Norwegian Food Chain.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in Pseudomonas spp. isolated from chicken meat in Norway, including beta-lactamases, efflux pumps, and genes involved in resistance to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and colistin.
Endophytic Lifestyle of Global Clones of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Priority Pathogens in Fresh Vegetables: a Trojan Horse Strategy Favoring Human Colonization?
The study identifies multiple AMR genes in endophytic ESBL-producing Enterobacterales isolated from fresh vegetables, highlighting their potential role in the spread of antibiotic resistance.
Draft Genome Sequences of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from River Water.
The study reports the draft genome sequences of seven multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from river water, identifying various antibiotic resistance genes and mutations associated with resistance to multiple antibiotics.
Bacterial diversity and resistome analysis of drinking water stored in cisterns from two First Nations communities in Manitoba, Canada.
The study identified a diverse array of antimicrobial resistance genes in drinking water stored in cisterns from two First Nations communities in Manitoba, Canada. Key findings include the presence of genes such as aac(3')-Ia, aac(6')-Iia, aac(6')-Iic, aph(3')-Ia, acrD, smeB, smeR, FEZ-1, rm3, SPG-1, OXA-21, OXA-119, OXA-205, dfrA14, dfrB6, acrB, acrF, adeF, ceoB, emrA, mexE, mexF, mexI, oprN, oqxB, BRP(MBL), vanSO, axyY, CRP, efrB, macB, mexB, mexC, mexD, mexK, mexQ, mexW, mexY, mtrA, muxB, muxC, oleB, oleC, ompB, oprM, smeD, smeE, golS, mdsB, PER-2, TEM-126, msbA, arnA, bacA, bcrA, MCR-5, rosA, rosB, rpoB2, ugd, mexN, taeA, efpA, rphA, rphB, otr(A), otrC, tetA(48 ), ompH, and triC, which confer resistance to various antibiotics including aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, cephalosporins, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, monobactams, nitroimidazoles, peptides, phenicols, pleuromutilins, rifamycins, tetracyclines, and triclosan.
Genome mining of Escherichia coli WG5D from drinking water source: unraveling antibiotic resistance genes, virulence factors, and pathogenicity.
The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes in E. coli WG5D, including multidrug efflux pumps and genes conferring resistance to various antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins, and glycopeptides.
The mobilome landscape of biocide-resistance in Brazilian ESKAPE isolates.
The study identified multiple biocide resistance genes in Brazilian ESKAPE isolates, highlighting the presence of resistance mechanisms against benzalkonium chloride, chlorhexidine, and triclosan. Key genes included efflux pumps (acrE/envC, acrF/envD, adeA, adeB, adeC, mexD, oqxA, oqxB, qacA, qacR, sdeB), enzyme modifiers (fabV, sh-fabI), and porins (kpnO).
Genomic Dissection of an Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli Strain Isolated from Bacteremia Reveals Insights into Its Hybrid Pathogenic Potential.
The study identifies multiple efflux pump-encoding genes in the E. coli strain EC092, which contribute to its resistance against several antibiotics including tetracycline, trimethoprim, streptomycin, and sulfamethoxazole.
Prevalence and genomic insights of carbapenem resistant and ESBL producing Multidrug resistant Escherichia coli in urinary tract infections.
The study identified multiple AMR genes, including NDM-5, CTX-M-15, TEM-1, and others, in carbapenem-resistant and ESBL-producing multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates from urinary tract infections.
Genomic insights into plasmid mediated AMR genes, virulence factors and mobile genetic elements in raw milk Escherichia coli from Gujarat, India.
The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes in E. coli isolates from raw milk in Gujarat, India, including beta-lactamases, quinolone resistance genes, efflux pumps, folate pathway antagonists, aminoglycoside resistance genes, and tetracycline resistance genes.
Wastewater based genomic surveillance key to population level monitoring of AmpC/ESBL producing Escherichia coli.
The study identified various AMR genes and mutations in AmpC/ESBL-producing E. coli from wastewater samples in Finland, highlighting the prevalence of blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-27, and other resistance determinants.
Genomic Characterization of Escherichia coli Isolates from Alpaca Crias (Vicugna pacos) in the Peruvian Highlands: Insights into Functional Diversity and Pathogenicity.
The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations in E. coli isolates from alpaca crias, including blaEC-15 for beta-lactam resistance, glpT_E448K for fosfomycin resistance, and pmrB for colistin resistance.
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