Browse AMR Genes
Explore antimicrobial resistance genes from the literature
Explore antimicrobial resistance genes from the literature
aminoglycoside phosphotransferase
Overview
Detection of the high-level aminoglycoside resistance gene aph(2")-Ib in Enterococcus faecium.
The study identifies and characterizes the high-level aminoglycoside resistance gene aph(2")-Ib in Enterococcus faecium, which confers resistance to gentamicin.
Aminoglycoside Resistance Genes aph(2")-Ib and aac(6′)-Im Detected Together in Strains of both Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecium.
The study identifies and characterizes the aminoglycoside resistance genes aph(2")-Ib and aac(6′)-Im, which confer resistance to various aminoglycoside antibiotics in both Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecium.
Aminoglycoside resistance genes aph(2")-Ib and aac(6')-Im detected together in strains of both Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecium., Detection of the high-level aminoglycoside resistance gene aph(2")-Ib in Enterococcus faecium.
Molecular characterization of gentamicin-resistant Enterococci in the United States: evidence of spread from animals to humans through food.
The study identified the aac(6')-Ie-aph(2")-Ia, aph(2")-Ic, and aph(2")-Id genes as responsible for high-level gentamicin resistance in Enterococci, highlighting the spread of these resistance genes from animals to humans through the food supply.
Molecular characterization of gentamicin-resistant Enterococci in the United States: evidence of spread from animals to humans through food.
The study identified the aac(6')-Ie-aph(2")-Ia, aph(2")-Ic, and aph(2")-Id genes as responsible for high-level gentamicin resistance in Enterococci, highlighting the spread of these resistance genes from animals to humans through the food supply.
Relationship between the level of acquired resistance to gentamicin and synergism with amoxicillin in Enterococcus faecalis.
The study identified the aph(2")-Ic gene as a cause of gentamicin resistance in Enterococcus faecalis, which compromises the synergistic effect of amoxicillin and gentamicin.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 in humans and animals, Central Europe.
The study identifies methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 carrying resistance genes mecA, ermA, ermC, tetM, and aph2"-aac6', indicating resistance to penicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin, oxytetracycline, and gentamicin respectively.
Complete genome sequence of Macrococcus caseolyticus strain JCSCS5402, [corrected] reflecting the ancestral genome of the human-pathogenic staphylococci., Molecular analysis of the plasmid-borne aacA/aphD resistance gene region of coagulase-negative staphylococci from chickens.
Source of phosphate in the enzymic reaction as a point of distinction among aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases.
The study characterizes four aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases (APH(2"-Ia, -Ib, -Ic, -Id) and identifies their distinct substrate preferences for nucleotide triphosphates (ATP, GTP, ITP, UTP, CTP) and aminoglycoside substrates.
Source of phosphate in the enzymic reaction as a point of distinction among aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases.
The study characterizes four aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases (APH(2"-Ia, -Ib, -Ic, -Id) and identifies their distinct substrate preferences for nucleotide triphosphates (ATP, GTP, ITP, UTP, CTP) and aminoglycoside substrates.
Source of phosphate in the enzymic reaction as a point of distinction among aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases.
The study characterizes four aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases (APH(2"-Ia, -Ib, -Ic, -Id) and identifies their distinct substrate preferences for nucleotide triphosphates (ATP, GTP, ITP, UTP, CTP) and aminoglycoside substrates.
Source of phosphate in the enzymic reaction as a point of distinction among aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases.
The study characterizes four aminoglycoside 2"-phosphotransferases (APH(2"-Ia, -Ib, -Ic, -Id) and identifies their distinct substrate preferences for nucleotide triphosphates (ATP, GTP, ITP, UTP, CTP) and aminoglycoside substrates.
Skin lesion caused by ST398 and ST1 MRSA, Spain.
The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations in MRSA strains causing a skin lesion in a Spanish patient, including mecA, tetK, tetL, tetM, ermA, ermB, ermC, msrA, aph(2')-acc(6'), ant(4')-Ia, aph(3')-III, and dfrK, along with quinolone resistance mutations in grlA and gyrA.
High-level aminoglycoside resistance and virulence characteristics among Enterococci isolated from recreational beaches in Malaysia.
The study identified high-level aminoglycoside resistance in Enterococci isolated from Malaysian recreational beaches, with specific genes aph(2")-Ib and aph(2")-Ic contributing to resistance against kanamycin and gentamicin, respectively.
High-level aminoglycoside resistance and virulence characteristics among Enterococci isolated from recreational beaches in Malaysia.
The study identified high-level aminoglycoside resistance in Enterococci isolated from Malaysian recreational beaches, with specific genes aph(2")-Ib and aph(2")-Ic contributing to resistance against kanamycin and gentamicin, respectively.
A degenerate PCR-based strategy as a means of identifying homologues of aminoglycoside and β-lactam resistance genes in the gut microbiota.
The study identified numerous aminoglycoside and β-lactam resistance gene homologues in the gut microbiota of healthy adults, indicating that the human gut microbiota serves as a reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes even in the absence of recent antibiotic exposure.
A degenerate PCR-based strategy as a means of identifying homologues of aminoglycoside and β-lactam resistance genes in the gut microbiota.
The study identified numerous aminoglycoside and β-lactam resistance gene homologues in the gut microbiota of healthy adults, indicating that the human gut microbiota serves as a reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes even in the absence of recent antibiotic exposure.
Identification of aminoglycoside and β-lactam resistance genes from within an infant gut functional metagenomic library.
The study identified various aminoglycoside and β-lactam resistance genes in the infant gut microbiome, highlighting the presence of a diverse resistance reservoir even in the absence of antibiotic selective pressure.
Novel gentamicin resistance genes in Campylobacter isolated from humans and retail meats in the USA.
Nine variants of gentamicin resistance genes were identified in Campylobacter, including six novel ones: aph(2'')-Ib, Ic, If1, If3, Ih, and aac(6')-Ie/aph(2'')-If2. The aph(2'')-Ig gene was shared between human and retail chicken isolates.
Novel gentamicin resistance genes in Campylobacter isolated from humans and retail meats in the USA.
Nine variants of gentamicin resistance genes were identified in Campylobacter, including six novel ones: aph(2'')-Ib, Ic, If1, If3, Ih, and aac(6')-Ie/aph(2'')-If2. The aph(2'')-Ig gene was shared between human and retail chicken isolates.
Novel gentamicin resistance genes in Campylobacter isolated from humans and retail meats in the USA.
Nine variants of gentamicin resistance genes were identified in Campylobacter, including six novel ones: aph(2'')-Ib, Ic, If1, If3, Ih, and aac(6')-Ie/aph(2'')-If2. The aph(2'')-Ig gene was shared between human and retail chicken isolates.
Novel gentamicin resistance genes in Campylobacter isolated from humans and retail meats in the USA.
Nine variants of gentamicin resistance genes were identified in Campylobacter, including six novel ones: aph(2'')-Ib, Ic, If1, If3, Ih, and aac(6')-Ie/aph(2'')-If2. The aph(2'')-Ig gene was shared between human and retail chicken isolates.
Assessment of antibiotic susceptibility in Lactobacillus isolates from chickens.
The study identified several tetracycline, macrolide, and aminoglycoside resistance genes in Lactobacillus isolates from chickens, highlighting the presence of resistance mechanisms in these bacteria.
Whole-Genome Sequence Analysis of Multidrug-Resistant Campylobacter Isolates: a Focus on Aminoglycoside Resistance Determinants.
The study identified two new aminoglycoside phosphotransferase genes (aph(2")-Ii1 and aph(2")-Ii2) associated with gentamicin resistance, a lincosamide nucleotidyltransferase gene (lnu(G)) linked to lincomycin resistance, and new resistance enzymes (apmA and spw) potentially conferring resistance to spectinomycin and gentamicin. Additionally, ant(6)-Ig and ant(6)-If were found to be associated with streptomycin resistance, while ant(9)-Ic was linked to spectinomycin resistance.
Whole-Genome Sequence Analysis of Multidrug-Resistant Campylobacter Isolates: a Focus on Aminoglycoside Resistance Determinants.
The study identified two new aminoglycoside phosphotransferase genes (aph(2")-Ii1 and aph(2")-Ii2) associated with gentamicin resistance, a lincosamide nucleotidyltransferase gene (lnu(G)) linked to lincomycin resistance, and new resistance enzymes (apmA and spw) potentially conferring resistance to spectinomycin and gentamicin. Additionally, ant(6)-Ig and ant(6)-If were found to be associated with streptomycin resistance, while ant(9)-Ic was linked to spectinomycin resistance.
Interplay Between the Phenotype and Genotype, and Efflux Pumps in Drug-Resistant Strains of Riemerella anatipestifer.
The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in Riemerella anatipestifer, including aac(6')-Ib, aadA1, aadA2, aadA5, aac(3')-IIc, aac(3')-IV, aph(3')-VII, aph(2')-Ib, bla TEM, bla OXA, tet(A), tet(B), sul1, sul2, sul3, cat2, cmlA, floR, emrF, qnrS, and qnrD. Additionally, mutations in gyrA and parC were found to confer fluoroquinolone resistance.
Biofilm Forming Antibiotic Resistant Gram-Positive Pathogens Isolated From Surfaces on the International Space Station.
The study identified several AMR genes including ermC, tetK, aac6-aph2a, aph(2)-ic, aadD, aph3-III, and ermB in Gram-positive pathogens isolated from the International Space Station. These genes conferred resistance to erythromycin, tetracycline, gentamicin, kanamycin, and other antibiotics.
Spectrum of Aminoglycoside Modifying Enzymes in Gram-Negative Bacteria Causing Human Infections.
The study identifies various aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (AMEs) in gram-negative bacteria causing human infections, including aac(6′)-lb, aac(3′)-I, aph(3′)-VI, aac(3′)-II, ant(2′)-I, ant(4′)-IIb, aph(2′)-Ib, aph(2′)-Ic, aph(2′)-Id, aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2′)-Ia, and aph(3′)-IIIa. These AMEs confer resistance to multiple aminoglycosides such as amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, and netilmicin.
Spectrum of Aminoglycoside Modifying Enzymes in Gram-Negative Bacteria Causing Human Infections.
The study identifies various aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (AMEs) in gram-negative bacteria causing human infections, including aac(6′)-lb, aac(3′)-I, aph(3′)-VI, aac(3′)-II, ant(2′)-I, ant(4′)-IIb, aph(2′)-Ib, aph(2′)-Ic, aph(2′)-Id, aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2′)-Ia, and aph(3′)-IIIa. These AMEs confer resistance to multiple aminoglycosides such as amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, and netilmicin.
Spectrum of Aminoglycoside Modifying Enzymes in Gram-Negative Bacteria Causing Human Infections.
The study identifies various aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (AMEs) in gram-negative bacteria causing human infections, including aac(6′)-lb, aac(3′)-I, aph(3′)-VI, aac(3′)-II, ant(2′)-I, ant(4′)-IIb, aph(2′)-Ib, aph(2′)-Ic, aph(2′)-Id, aac(6′)-Ie-aph(2′)-Ia, and aph(3′)-IIIa. These AMEs confer resistance to multiple aminoglycosides such as amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, and netilmicin.
A Longitudinal Evaluation of the Bacterial Pathogens Colonizing Chronic Non-Healing Wound Sites at a United States Military Treatment Facility in the Pacific Region.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in bacterial isolates from chronic non-healing wounds, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, macrolide resistance genes, and others. These genes were found in various bacterial species such as E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and others.
A Longitudinal Evaluation of the Bacterial Pathogens Colonizing Chronic Non-Healing Wound Sites at a United States Military Treatment Facility in the Pacific Region.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in bacterial isolates from chronic non-healing wounds, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, macrolide resistance genes, and others. These genes were found in various bacterial species such as E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and others.
Genetic mechanisms and correlated risk factors of antimicrobial-resistant ESKAPEE pathogens isolated in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in ESKAPEE pathogens, including vanA, vanB, blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M, blaOXA, blaVEB, blaVIM, blaNDM, aac(6')-Ib, aadB, ermC, qnrS1, and gyrA mutations, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug resistance in these isolates.
Whole genome-based characterisation of antimicrobial resistance and genetic diversity in Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli from ruminants.
The study identified various AMR genes including aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, tetracycline resistance genes, and beta-lactamases in Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli isolates from ruminants. Mutations in gyrA and rpsL were linked to quinolone and streptomycin resistance, respectively. The presence of specific genetic determinants correlated with phenotypic resistance.
Genomic Analysis of Enterococcus spp. Isolated From a Wastewater Treatment Plant and Its Associated Waters in Umgungundlovu District, South Africa.
The study identified various antibiotic resistance genes in Enterococcus spp. isolated from a wastewater treatment plant in South Africa, including genes conferring resistance to tetracycline, macrolides, aminoglycosides, and trimethoprim.
Metagenomic Insights Into the Changes of Antibiotic Resistance and Pathogenicity Factor Pools Upon Thermophilic Composting of Human Excreta.
The study identified a decrease in the abundance of various antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) during thermophilic composting of human excreta, including genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides, macrolides, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines.
Novel Organization of the Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec Composite Island in Clinical Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Staphylococcus hominis Subsp. hominis Isolates from Dogs.
The study identified novel SCC mec composite islands in clinical Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Staphylococcus hominis subsp. hominis isolates from dogs, including the aminoglycoside resistance gene aph(2")-Ia, the trimethoprim resistance gene dfrC, and the tetracycline resistance gene tet(K).
Characterization and Fitness Cost of Tn7100, a Novel Integrative and Conjugative Element Conferring Multidrug Resistance in Haemophilus influenzae.
The study identifies Tn7100, a novel integrative and conjugative element carrying six resistance genes: blaTEM-1B, catA2, aac(6')-Im, aph(2'')-Ib, mef(E), and mel, which confer resistance to multiple antibiotics in Haemophilus influenzae.
Characterization and Fitness Cost of Tn7100, a Novel Integrative and Conjugative Element Conferring Multidrug Resistance in Haemophilus influenzae.
The study identifies Tn7100, a novel integrative and conjugative element carrying six resistance genes: blaTEM-1B, catA2, aac(6')-Im, aph(2'')-Ib, mef(E), and mel, which confer resistance to multiple antibiotics in Haemophilus influenzae.
Withdrawal of antibiotic growth promoters in China and its impact on the foodborne pathogen Campylobacter coli of swine origin.
The study found that the withdrawal of antibiotic growth promoters in China led to an increase in antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter coli, particularly for gentamicin and florfenicol. Several resistance genes, including aadE-Cc, aac(6')-aph(2"), ant(6)-la, aph(3")-lll, aph(2")-lf, tet(O), tet(M), tet(O/32/O), cat, fexA, cfr(C), optrA, blaOXA-193, blaOXA-489, and blaOXA-61, were identified. Mutations in 23S rRNA and gyrA were also associated with resistance to erythromycin and ciprofloxacin, respectively.
Virulence gene detection and antimicrobial resistance analysis of Enterococcus faecium in captive giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in China.
The study identified several AMR genes in E. faecium isolates from captive giant pandas, including aac(6')-aph(2''), aph(2'')-Id, vanA, cfr, and optrA, which confer resistance to aminoglycosides, vancomycin, and linezolid.
Prevalence, genomic characterization and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter spp. isolates in pets in Shenzhen, China.
The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in Campylobacter spp. isolates from pets in Shenzhen, China, highlighting the high prevalence of multidrug resistance, particularly in C. upsaliensis. Key findings include the detection of gyrA mutations, aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac(6')-aph(2"), aph(2")-Ifl), tetracycline resistance genes (tet(O)), and beta-lactam resistance genes (OXA-193, OXA-595).
Extensive screening reveals previously undiscovered aminoglycoside resistance genes in human pathogens.
Metagenomics reveals the temporal dynamics of the rumen resistome and microbiome in goat kids.
The study identified numerous antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the rumen of goat kids, highlighting the dynamic nature of the resistome influenced by age and diet. Key ARGs included RPOB, GYRA, GYRBA, ROB, MDTF, ACRF, ACRB, MGTA, MLS23S, TUFAB, TET44, TET32, APH2-DPRIME, SAT, BRO, TETQ, ERMF, NIMJ, ACI, MEFA, RRSC, RRSH, CAP16S, TETX, LNUC, TETW, TETO, and TET40, which were associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as drugs, MLS, tetracyclines, and others.
Identification of knowledge gaps in whole-genome sequence analysis of multi-resistant thermotolerant Campylobacter spp.
The study identified 22 different resistance genes and gene variants, including erm(B), aph(3')-IIIa, aadE, catA, lnu(C), blaOXA, sat4, tet(O), and point mutations in gyrA, 23S rRNA, and rpsL, associated with antimicrobial resistance in thermotolerant Campylobacter spp.
Gut diversity and the resistome as biomarkers of febrile neutropenia outcome in paediatric oncology patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
The study identifies several antibiotic-resistance genes associated with febrile neutropenia in pediatric oncology patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, including msr(C), dfrG, erm(T), VanHAX, aac(6')-Ib, aph(3')-III, ant(6)-Ia, and aac(6')-Ii.
The healthy human gut can take it all: vancomycin-variable, linezolid-resistant strains and specific bacteriocin-species interplay in Enterococcus spp.
The study identifies linezolid resistance genes optrA and poxtA in Enterococcus faecium and Enterococcus thailandicus isolates, along with a vancomycin-variable E. faecium strain. It also reveals the increasing prevalence of E. lactis in the healthy human gut and the complex interplay of bacteriocin gene profiles among Enterococcus species.
The Difference a Year Can Make: How Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Have Changed in Northwestern Transylvania.
The study identified an increase in multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in Northwestern Transylvania, Romania, between 2022 and 2023. Key AMR genes included bla OXA-50, sul1, ermB, mexA, mexB, bla VIM-1, aac(6′)-II, ant(4′)-Ia, aac(3)-I, aac(6′)-Im, aph(2″)-Ib, tetA, tetC, tetK, qnrB, ermC, mphC, fosA, nfsA, nfsB, ampC, and TEM-1.
Evaluation of aminoglycoside- and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: phenotypic and genotypic insights from clinical specimens in Ardabil, Iran.
The study identified aac(6')-Ie-aph(2''), aph(2'')-Ib, and ant(4')-Ia genes as the most prevalent aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes in MRSA and MSSA isolates from Ardabil, Iran.
High-Risk VREfm Clones and Resistance Determinants in a Thai Hospital.
The study identified the vanA gene as the primary determinant of vancomycin resistance in all 29 VREfm isolates. Additional resistance genes such as aac(6')-Ii, ant(6')-Ia, erm(B), msr(C), tet(L), tet(M), aph(3')-III, aph(2'')-Ia, and inu(B) were also characterized, contributing to resistance against a variety of antibiotics.
Antimicrobial resistance and molecular characteristics of bovine mastitis-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: potential for cross-species transmission of ST59-MRSA.
The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from bovine mastitis, including erm(B), erm(C), tet(L), tet(K), mecA, fexA, aac(6')-aph(2''), ant(4')-Ia, ant(6)-Ia, and aph(2'')-Ia. These genes were associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as erythromycin, tetracycline, penicillin, oxacillin, cefoxitin, florfenicol, and gentamicin.
Unravelling the Persistence of the Rare Serovar Salmonella Mikawasima in a Hospital Setting: A Whole-Genome Sequencing Study.
The study identifies aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac(6')-Iaa, aac(6')-Im, aph(2")-Ib), beta-lactamase genes (bla TEM-1B, bla SHV-2), and the tetracycline resistance gene tet(D) in Salmonella Mikawasima isolates, highlighting multidrug resistance in hospital settings.
The characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus co-infection in COVID-19 pneumonia.
The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes in MRSA isolates from patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and MRSA pneumonia without COVID-19, including aac(6')-aph(2''), aph(2'')-Ia, aph(3')-III, aadD, ermA, ermB, ermC, tetM, tetK, mupA, and tst. No significant differences in antimicrobial resistance genes were observed between the two groups.
Genomic profiling of cefotaxime-resistant Haemophilus influenzae from Norway and Sweden reveals extensive expansion of virulent multidrug-resistant international clones.
The study identifies the expansion of multidrug-resistant Haemophilus influenzae clones with cefotaxime resistance, primarily due to mutations in the ftsI gene encoding penicillin-binding protein 3 (PBP3). These mutations lead to cross-resistance to multiple beta-lactam antibiotics.
A novel gentamicin resistance gene in Enterococcus.
A novel gentamicin resistance gene, aph(2")-Ic, was identified in Enterococcus gallinarum SF9117 and shown to confer resistance to gentamicin when cloned in Escherichia coli DH5 alpha.
A novel gentamicin resistance gene in Enterococcus.
A new high-level gentamicin resistance gene, aph(2'')-Id, in Enterococcus spp.
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