The study reports the molecular characterization of FOX-4, a new AmpC-type plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase from an E. coli clinical strain isolated in Spain, which confers resistance to various beta-lactam antibiotics including cefoxitin, ceftazidime, cefotaxime, cefepime, and ciprofloxacin.

The study characterizes FOX-5, a plasmid-encoded AmpC-type beta-lactamase from a New York City Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate, which confers resistance to cephalosporins.

The study identified several beta-lactamases, including bla DHA-1, bla ACT-1, bla FOX-5, bla CMY-2, and bla KPC-2, in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from 24 U.S. hospitals. These enzymes confer resistance to various beta-lactam antibiotics.

The study identifies plasmid-mediated bla FOX-5 and bla ACT-1 AmpC beta-lactamases in bloodstream isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae, highlighting their role in resistance to cephalosporins and cefoxitin.

The study identifies and characterizes several plasmid-mediated class C beta-lactamases, including CMY-2, CMY-8, CMY-9, FOX-5, MOX-1, ACT-1, and LAT-1, which confer resistance to ceftazidime and cefotaxime in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The researchers developed practical methods using boronic acid compounds, such as 3-aminophenylboronic acid (APB), to detect these beta-lactamases.

The study identified various beta-lactamases including SHV, CTX-M, FOX, CMY, DHA, and KPC, which confer resistance to multiple beta-lactam antibiotics in gram-negative clinical isolates in the United States.

The study developed a multiplex asymmetric PCR-based microarray for detecting drug resistance genes containing single mutations in Enterobacteriaceae, focusing on beta-lactamase genes such as bla SHV, bla TEM, bla CTX-M-3, bla CTX-M-9, bla DHA-1, bla CMY-2, bla MOX-1, bla ACC-1, bla FOX-5, and bla MIR-1. It also identified six point mutations in the bla SHV gene.

The study identified various extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes, including bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-2, bla CTX-M-5, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-22, bla CTX-M-28, bla SHV-5, bla SHV-12, bla TEM-1, bla OXA-1, bla OXA-2, bla OXA-5, bla PER-1, bla ACT-1, bla MIR-1, bla CMY-2, bla FOX-1, bla DHA-1, and bla KPC-2, in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis isolates.

The study identifies plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., and Proteus species, highlighting their role in cephalosporin resistance and the importance of APBA testing for accurate susceptibility reporting.

The study highlights the challenges in detecting extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) in the presence of plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC) in E. coli clinical isolates, identifying several ESBL genes (blaTEM-1, blaSHV, blaCTX-M) and pAmpC genes (cmrA, FOX-5) that contribute to resistance against various beta-lactam antibiotics.

The study characterizes the carbapenem-hydrolyzing activities of five plasmid-borne AmpC beta-lactamases (CMY-2, ACT-1, DHA-1, FOX-1, and ACC-1) and shows that CMY-2, ACT-1, and DHA-1 confer resistance to imipenem, while FOX-1 and ACC-1 do not.

The study identifies FOX-8, a novel AmpC beta-lactamase with a Phe313Leu mutation in the R2 loop that reduces ceftazidime hydrolysis compared to FOX-3.

The study identified the FOX-7 AmpC beta-lactamase as a key factor in an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in a neonatal intensive care unit, highlighting the role of outer membrane protein alterations in carbapenem resistance.

FOX-4 beta-lactamase was analyzed for its sensitivity to inhibition by various β-lactams and carbapenems, revealing distinct kinetic profiles and mechanisms of action.

Klebsiella sp. strain 10982 contains novel antibiotic resistance alleles, including FOX-10 and LEN-26, which confer resistance to various beta-lactam antibiotics.

The study identifies and characterizes the blaFOX-5 and blaCARB-2 beta-lactamase genes encoded on an IncA/C multidrug resistance plasmid in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella isolates from ICU patients.

The study identified plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamase genes (MOX, FOX, EBC, and CIT) in Gram-negative bacilli isolates, highlighting the importance of molecular detection methods for accurate identification of AmpC producers.

The study characterizes the activity of ceftazidime, ceftaroline, and aztreonam in combination with avibactam against isogenic E. coli strains expressing various beta-lactamase genes, demonstrating that avibactam effectively restores the activity of these β-lactams against strains producing class A, C, and D beta-lactamases.

The study reports the high prevalence of AmpC beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli in Iran, identifying the presence of FOX, CIT, DHA, and EBC cluster genes.

The study identifies multiple AmpC beta-lactamase genes, including bla CMY-4, bla CMY-16, bla FOX-3, and bla MOX-2, in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis in Tunisia, highlighting the coexistence of these resistance genes in a single strain.

The study characterizes FOX-4, a plasmid-based AmpC beta-lactamase that confers resistance to cefoxitin. It identifies a novel post-translational modification (adenylylation) of serine 64, which blocks the active site and reduces enzymatic activity.

The study developed and evaluated the REBA-EAC assay for the rapid detection of clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes in blood cultures positive for Gram-negative bacteria. The assay successfully identified various beta-lactamase genes, including ESBLs (CTX-M, TEM, SHV), AmpC beta-lactamases (DHA, CMY-2-like, ACT), and carbapenemases (IMP, VIM, NDM, KPC, OXA-48-like, SPM).

The study identified several beta-lactam resistance genes, including bla TEM, bla SHV, bla OXA-1, bla MOX-like, bla CIT-like, and bla FOX, in Escherichia coli isolates from poultry hatcheries, highlighting the potential of hatcheries as reservoirs of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.

The study identified various extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) and plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC) genes, including bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-55, bla CTX-M-3, bla CTX-M-186, bla DHA, bla MOX, bla FOX, and bla CMY, in E. coli and Klebsiella spp. isolates from Mozambican university students.

The study reports the first detection of the FOX-1 AmpC beta-lactamase gene in Escherichia coli isolates from abattoir samples in Nigeria, highlighting its role in resistance to various cephalosporins.

The study developed and validated 85 PCR assays to detect 79 AMR genes and mutations associated with resistance across 10 antimicrobial classes, focusing on E. coli. The assays showed high concordance with sequencing and phenotypic susceptibility testing, demonstrating their potential for AMR surveillance in E. coli isolates and direct stool specimens.

The study identifies the horizontally acquired AmpC beta-lactamase FOX-4 as a cause of resistance to novel β-lactam–beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations in Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST308.

The N346Y substitution in AmpC cloacae, PDC-5, and DHA-1 reduces avibactam inhibition, leading to ceftazidime resistance. The I346Y substitution in FOX-3 reduces ceftazidime hydrolysis, leading to ceftazidime resistance.

The study identified several AMR genes in IncQ-3 plasmids, including blaGES-7, qnrS2, aac(6')-ib, dfrB3, and blaFOX-15, which confer resistance to beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and trimethoprim.

The study identified the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes blaCTX, fox, and mexR in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from broiler chickens in Egypt, indicating multidrug resistance.

The study identified the presence of metallo-beta-lactamase (blaIMP-1, blaIMP-2) and AmpC beta-lactamase (blaCMY, blaFOX) genes in Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from abattoir and poultry origins in Nigeria, indicating the circulation of these resistance genes in the environment.

The study identifies and characterizes resistance genes blaKPC, blaCTX-M, blaFOX, and blaDHA in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, demonstrating their role in conferring resistance to ceftriaxone and imipenem.

The study evaluated two phenotypic methods for detecting plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases in Enterobacteriaceae isolates and identified several plasmid-mediated AmpC genes including ACC, FOX, MOX, DHA, CIT, and EBC using multiplex PCR.

The study identifies plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase genes (ACC, FOX, MOX, DHA, CIT, EBC) in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae in Bahrain, highlighting their association with multidrug resistance.

The study identified multiple beta-lactam resistance genes, including bla SHV-11, bla FOX-1, bla ACT-1, bla CTX-M-14, bla TEM-1, bla VIM-1, bla NDM-1, bla KPC-2, and bla OXA-1, in invasive Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. Additionally, hypervirulence genes such as iroB, p rmpA, mrkD, wabG, Uge, fimH, and ycfM were prevalent.

The study identified the FOX gene as the most prevalent plasmidic AmpC beta-lactamase gene in a Lebanese hospital over nine years, highlighting its role in conferring resistance to cefoxitin.

The paper characterizes various class C beta-lactamases, highlighting their molecular characteristics, resistance profiles, and genetic variations. Key findings include the identification of specific genes such as blaACC-1, blaACT-1, blaADC-1, blaCMY-2, blaFOX-1, blaMOX-1, and blaPDC-1, along with their roles in conferring resistance to various β-lactam antibiotics.

The paper reviews β-lactam antibiotics and beta-lactamase enzymes inhibitors, focusing on the mechanisms of resistance mediated by beta-lactamases such as TEM-1, SHV-1, KPC-2, OXA-48, and NDM-1, and highlights the need for new inhibitors to combat carbapenem-resistant bacteria.

The study identified several β-lactamase genes, including bla CTX-M, bla SHV, bla TEM, bla MOX, bla FOX, and carbapenemase genes such as bla NDM, bla IMP, bla VIM, and bla OXA-48, in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from raw food samples, highlighting the potential for multidrug resistance dissemination through the food chain.

The study identified blaSHV, blaTEM, blaCTX-M, blaFOX, blaDHA, and blaACC genes as the primary contributors to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and AmpC beta-lactamase production in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from humans, cattle, and poultry in Egypt.

The study shows that the enzymatic activity of AmpC beta-lactamase is essential for the full virulence attenuation in Pseudomonas aeruginosa under peptidoglycan recycling impairment, while the biological cost of AmpC variants is similar to the wild-type enzyme.

The study identified the presence of AmpC beta-lactamase genes (blaCMY, blaMIR, DHA, and FOX) in Pseudomonas isolates from chickens, highlighting their role in beta-lactam resistance.

The study identifies several β-lactamase genes, including SHV-12, CTX-M group variants, TEM, OXA, and PMAβ, as well as the mcr-1 gene responsible for polymyxin resistance in E. coli isolates from broilers raised in intensive and extensive systems. The prevalence of reduced susceptibility to antibiotics is higher in isolates from the intensive system.

The study identified several beta-lactamase genes, including bla NDM, bla IMP, bla VIM, bla GES, bla OXA-48-like, bla CTX-M, bla SHV, bla TEM, bla FOX, bla DHA, bla CMY, bla LAT, and bla ACT, which are responsible for carbapenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from southwest Iran.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in Aeromonas species isolated from various hosts in India, including beta-lactamases (bla OXA-12, bla OXA-427, bla OXA-724, bla OXA-780, bla FOX-2, bla FOX-4, bla FOX-5, bla FOX-7, bla AQU-2, bla MOX-7), metallo-beta-lactamases (cphA3, cphA4, cphA5, cphA8, ImiH), and other resistance genes (dfrA12, aadA2, ANT(3")-IIa, sul1). Additionally, multidrug efflux pump genes (mdtH, zntA, emrD, blR, crp) were found to contribute to AMR in these isolates.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in Aeromonas species isolated from various hosts in India, including beta-lactamases (bla OXA-12, bla OXA-427, bla OXA-724, bla OXA-780, bla FOX-2, bla FOX-4, bla FOX-5, bla FOX-7, bla AQU-2, bla MOX-7), metallo-beta-lactamases (cphA3, cphA4, cphA5, cphA8, ImiH), and other resistance genes (dfrA12, aadA2, ANT(3")-IIa, sul1). Additionally, multidrug efflux pump genes (mdtH, zntA, emrD, blR, crp) were found to contribute to AMR in these isolates.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in Aeromonas species isolated from various hosts in India, including beta-lactamases (bla OXA-12, bla OXA-427, bla OXA-724, bla OXA-780, bla FOX-2, bla FOX-4, bla FOX-5, bla FOX-7, bla AQU-2, bla MOX-7), metallo-beta-lactamases (cphA3, cphA4, cphA5, cphA8, ImiH), and other resistance genes (dfrA12, aadA2, ANT(3")-IIa, sul1). Additionally, multidrug efflux pump genes (mdtH, zntA, emrD, blR, crp) were found to contribute to AMR in these isolates.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in Aeromonas species isolated from various hosts in India, including beta-lactamases (bla OXA-12, bla OXA-427, bla OXA-724, bla OXA-780, bla FOX-2, bla FOX-4, bla FOX-5, bla FOX-7, bla AQU-2, bla MOX-7), metallo-beta-lactamases (cphA3, cphA4, cphA5, cphA8, ImiH), and other resistance genes (dfrA12, aadA2, ANT(3")-IIa, sul1). Additionally, multidrug efflux pump genes (mdtH, zntA, emrD, blR, crp) were found to contribute to AMR in these isolates.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in Aeromonas species isolated from various hosts in India, including beta-lactamases (bla OXA-12, bla OXA-427, bla OXA-724, bla OXA-780, bla FOX-2, bla FOX-4, bla FOX-5, bla FOX-7, bla AQU-2, bla MOX-7), metallo-beta-lactamases (cphA3, cphA4, cphA5, cphA8, ImiH), and other resistance genes (dfrA12, aadA2, ANT(3")-IIa, sul1). Additionally, multidrug efflux pump genes (mdtH, zntA, emrD, blR, crp) were found to contribute to AMR in these isolates.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in Aeromonas species isolated from various hosts in India, including beta-lactamases (bla OXA-12, bla OXA-427, bla OXA-724, bla OXA-780, bla FOX-2, bla FOX-4, bla FOX-5, bla FOX-7, bla AQU-2, bla MOX-7), metallo-beta-lactamases (cphA3, cphA4, cphA5, cphA8, ImiH), and other resistance genes (dfrA12, aadA2, ANT(3")-IIa, sul1). Additionally, multidrug efflux pump genes (mdtH, zntA, emrD, blR, crp) were found to contribute to AMR in these isolates.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in Aeromonas species isolated from various hosts in India, including beta-lactamases (bla OXA-12, bla OXA-427, bla OXA-724, bla OXA-780, bla FOX-2, bla FOX-4, bla FOX-5, bla FOX-7, bla AQU-2, bla MOX-7), metallo-beta-lactamases (cphA3, cphA4, cphA5, cphA8, ImiH), and other resistance genes (dfrA12, aadA2, ANT(3")-IIa, sul1). Additionally, multidrug efflux pump genes (mdtH, zntA, emrD, blR, crp) were found to contribute to AMR in these isolates.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in Aeromonas species isolated from various hosts in India, including beta-lactamases (bla OXA-12, bla OXA-427, bla OXA-724, bla OXA-780, bla FOX-2, bla FOX-4, bla FOX-5, bla FOX-7, bla AQU-2, bla MOX-7), metallo-beta-lactamases (cphA3, cphA4, cphA5, cphA8, ImiH), and other resistance genes (dfrA12, aadA2, ANT(3")-IIa, sul1). Additionally, multidrug efflux pump genes (mdtH, zntA, emrD, blR, crp) were found to contribute to AMR in these isolates.

The study established a multiplex PCR method to detect six families of AmpC beta-lactamase genes (ACC, EBC, CIT, DHA, MOX, and FOX) in gram-negative bacteria, demonstrating high sensitivity and specificity.

The study identified a diverse array of antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) in the horse gut microbiome, highlighting the widespread use of antibiotics in horse management. The resistome characteristics were analyzed alongside the identification of microbes associated with athletic performance.

The study identified various β-lactamase genes, including bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-55, bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-27, bla SHV-12, bla SHV-7, bla SHV-27, bla TEM-1, bla TEM-12, bla CMY-2, bla DHA-1, bla FOX-5, bla OXA-1, bla OXA-1-like, bla KPC-2, bla KPC-3, bla NDM-1, bla NDM-5, bla OXA-181, bla OXA-48, and bla OXA-232, which confer resistance to β-lactam antibiotics. The study also found that CTX-M-15 was the most prevalent β-lactamase gene, and there was a notable increase in ESBL-producing isolates among K. pneumoniae.

The study identified bla TEM, bla OXA, bla CTX-M-1, FOX, CIT, and NDM-1 genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from human UTI patients, highlighting the prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing strains and their genetic diversity.

The study identified multiple bla VIM and bla IMP genes, along with various other AMR genes, in VIM/IMP carbapenemase-producing Enterobacter spp. in Poland. These genes were associated with different integrons and plasmid types, contributing to the spread of multidrug-resistant strains.

The study identified several β-lactamase genes, including bla CMY, bla MOX, bla FOX, bla EBC, bla DHA, bla CTX-M1, bla SHV, bla TEM, bla VIM, bla IMP, bla SPM, bla SIM, and bla GIM, in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from milk samples in India, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in the dairy value chain.

The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes in Salmonella Gallinarum isolates, including GES, IMP, VIM, NDM, SHV, KPC, FOX, qnrB, qnrS, and sdiA, which are associated with resistance to various antibiotics. Additionally, all isolates were found to form biofilms, indicating a potential link between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance.

The study identified various beta-lactamase genes, including bla CTX-M, bla TEM, bla SHV, bla DHA, bla CIT, and bla FOX, in Enterobacterales isolates from a wastewater treatment plant in Iran, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains.

The study identifies bla CTX-M, bla CIT, bla DHA, and bla FOX as prevalent AmpC beta-lactamase genes in ESBL-producing Klebsiella spp. isolates in Assam, India, highlighting the co-occurrence of ESBL and AmpC resistance mechanisms.

The study detected the FOX-AmpC-β-lactamase gene in 3.9% of the isolates, which conferred resistance to cephalosporins.

The paper discusses the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Aeromonas species, highlighting the presence of various beta-lactamase genes such as blaTEM-24, blaIMP-19, blaVIM-4, blaKPC-2, blaNDM-1, blaVIM-2, blaOXA-48, blaIMP-13, blaGES-5, blaTEM-1, blaSHV-12, blaVEB-9, blaMOX, blaFOX, blaACC, and others. It also identifies genes like cphA, vat, mcr-3.41, mcr-7.1, sul, dfr, tetA, rsmA, and adeF associated with resistance to sulfonamides, trimethoprim, tetracycline, polymyxin, and other antibiotics. The study emphasizes the role of horizontal gene transfer and mobile genetic elements in the dissemination of these resistance genes.

The study evaluates the inhibitory activities of various beta-lactamase inhibitors against a wide range of AmpC beta-lactamases, identifying the effectiveness of certain inhibitors like durlobactam and zidebactam in reducing the MIC values of β-lactam antibiotics against AmpC-producing strains.

The study characterizes various carbapenemase genes such as blaIMP-13, blaIMP-94, blaNDM-1, blaNDM-5, blaNDM-7, blaNDM-23, blaVIM-1, blaVIM-2, blaVIM-20, blaKPC-2, blaKPC-3, blaGES-1, blaGES-5, blaGES-7, blaGES-20, blaPER-1, blaVEB-1, blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-9, blaSHV-12, blaFOX-4, blaCMY-2, blaDHA-1, blaOXA-2, blaOXA-10, blaOXA-14, blaOXA-15, and blaOXA-48 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa using MALDI-TOF MS hydrolysis assays.

The study identifies a wide range of antibiotic resistance genes in the Enterobacter hormaechei complex, highlighting its multidrug-resistant nature and the role of mobile genetic elements in the dissemination of resistance.

The study presents a massive culture-based approach for the screening of AmpC, ESBL, and carbapenemase producers from rectal swabs, demonstrating improved specificity for detecting ESBL producers compared to conventional methods. It identifies various beta-lactamase genes, including bla CTX-M-1/2-like, bla CTX-M-8-like, bla CTX-M-9-like, bla SHV-like, bla TEM-like, bla GES-like, bla MOX, bla CIT, bla DHA, bla ACC, bla EBC, bla FOX, bla CMY-2, and bla NDM.

The study identified drug-resistant fungal and bacterial isolates from a human cadaver, including new fungal records and species with potential pathogenicity. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed resistance to antifungal agents like voriconazole and amphotericin B, as well as to various antibiotics.

The study identified various ESBL and AmpC genes, including bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-9, bla TEM, bla SHV, bla OXA, bla CIT, bla MOX, bla DHA, bla ACC, bla EBC, and bla FOX, in ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from broiler neck skin. These genes were associated with resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics such as cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and cefoxitin.

The study identified FOX-1, a plasmid-mediated AmpC-type beta-lactamase from Klebsiella pneumoniae, which confers resistance to broad-spectrum cephalosporins and cephamycins. The gene was cloned and expressed in E. coli, showing high similarity to chromosomally encoded AmpC beta-lactamases.

The study identifies FOX-3, a novel AmpC-type plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase from an Italian isolate of Klebsiella oxytoca, which shows resistance to several beta-lactam antibiotics including cefoxitin, cephaloridine, and cephalothin.