The study identifies blaPSE-1, a carbenicillinase gene, as the molecular mechanism underlying reduced susceptibility to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium DT104 isolates.

The study identifies TEM-1 and PSE-1 beta-lactamases as the primary mechanisms of amoxicillin resistance in Salmonella spp. isolates in France, with PSE-1 being linked to a single epidemic strain.

The study identified various beta-lactamase genes including TEM-1, TEM-2, TEM-3, TEM-66, CARB-2, SHV-1, IRT-13, IRT-16, and IRT-2 in Proteus mirabilis strains, highlighting their role in beta-lactam resistance.

The study identifies the blaPSE-1 gene as a chromosomally encoded beta-lactamase responsible for resistance to carboxypenicillins and ureidopenicillins in a multiresistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa P12 strain. Additionally, the study highlights the role of OprD loss and overproduction of chromosomal cephalosporinase and efflux systems in beta-lactam resistance.

The study identifies a new beta-lactamase, CARB-7, from Vibrio cholerae non-O1, non-O139 strains, which hydrolyzes carbenicillin and other beta-lactam antibiotics.

The study identifies antibiotic resistance genes and the presence of Salmonella Genomic Island 1 (SGI1) in multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolates from Italy. Key resistance genes include aadA2, pse-1, floR, tetA, and tetR, which contribute to resistance against various antibiotics.

The study identified two integrons in Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 strains, one containing aadA2 which confers resistance to streptomycin and another containing blaPSE-1 which confers resistance to ampicillin. Non-DT104 strains showed varying levels of resistance but lacked the specific integron patterns seen in DT104.

The study identifies the aadA21 gene, a novel variant of the aadA gene, and other resistance genes such as blaPSE-1, floR, sul1, and tetG in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains from the Czech Republic between 1984 and 2002.

The study identifies various multidrug resistance gene clusters in Salmonella enterica serovar Agona, including SGI1-A, SGI1-G, and several deletion variants. Key genes include floR, aadA2, pse-1, dfrA10, and orf513, which confer resistance to multiple antibiotics.

The study identifies blaCARB-9 as a novel carbenicillinase encoded in the VCR region of Vibrio cholerae non-O1, non-O139, which belongs to a family of cassette-encoded beta-lactamases.

The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium isolates from humans in France, including bla PSE-1, bla TEM, bla OXA-30, and qnrA, as well as mutations in gyrA conferring resistance to ciprofloxacin.

The study characterizes the multidrug resistance transposon Tn2610, identifying several resistance genes including ereB, pse-1, aadA2, and sul1, which confer resistance to erythromycin, ampicillin, streptomycin, and sulfonamide, respectively.

The study identifies the emergence of dhfrXVb and blaCARB-4 gene cassettes in class 1 integrons from clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in the Amazon region, highlighting their role in resistance to trimethoprim and beta-lactam antibiotics.

The study identifies a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain that overexpresses the MexXY-OprM efflux pump and produces an integron-borne PSE-1 ß-lactamase, leading to resistance against ceftazidime and cefepime.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium isolates from piglets with diarrhea in Korea, including bla PSE, bla TEM, cat1, cat2, floR, strA, strB, aadA, sulI, sulII, tetA, tetC, and tetG.

The study identifies and characterizes several AMR genes within the Salmonella genomic island 1 (SGI1), including aadA2, blaPSE-1, floR, qacEΔ1sulΔ1, qacEΔ1sul1, and tet(G). These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics such as streptomycin, spectinomycin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, florfenicol, sulfonamides, and tetracycline.

The study demonstrates that natural transformation facilitates the transfer of transposons, integrons, and gene cassettes between bacterial species, leading to the acquisition of antibiotic resistance traits. Specific resistance genes such as aadB, blaIMP-5, blaOXA-30, dfrA12, aadA2, and aacA4 were identified and characterized.

The study identifies various AMR genes in Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus spp. isolated from U.S. food animals, including aac(3'), aac(6'), aadA, aadA1, aadA2, aadA12, aphAI, aph(3')-Ii-iv, strA, strB, bla CMY-2, bla TEM-1, bla PSE-1, floR, cmlA, cat1, cat2, sul1, sul2, dfr1, dfrA10, tet(A), tet(B), tet(C), tet(D), tet(G), and tetR.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in soil and on vegetables, including genes conferring resistance to tetracycline, aminoglycosides, erythromycin, sulfamethoxazole, and beta-lactams. The presence of these genes was influenced by manure fertilization, with certain genes more frequently detected in manured soils.

The study developed a DNA microarray for genotyping antibiotic resistance determinants in Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates, identifying numerous resistance genes and mutations associated with carbapenem, aminoglycoside, fluoroquinolone, and other antibiotic resistances.

The study identifies and characterizes the blaFOX-5 and blaCARB-2 beta-lactamase genes encoded on an IncA/C multidrug resistance plasmid in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella isolates from ICU patients.

The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including beta-lactamases (blaVIM-2, blaOXA-2, blaPSE-1), aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (aac(6')-Ib, aacA7), and efflux pumps (mexAB-oprM, mexXY-oprM). Mutations in gyrA (T83I) and parC (S87L) were associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.

The study identifies a novel blaOXA-421 gene along with blaIMP-4, blaOXA-96, and blaCARB-2 in an Acinetobacter pittii strain, highlighting the presence of multiple carbapenemase genes contributing to carbapenem resistance.

The study identified plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes such as qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA, along with beta-lactamase-encoding genes like blaTEM, blaPSE-1, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M in non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from humans, a companion animal, and food in Romania.

The study identified the presence of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella isolates from commercial chickens and human clinical samples in South Africa and Brazil. Key resistance genes included pse-1 (ampicillin), ant (3")-la (gentamicin), tet A and tet B (tetracycline), and sul 1 and sul 2 (sulfamethoxazole).

The study reports the first identification of Salmonella genomic island 1 (SGI1) in a multidrug-resistant clinical isolate of Morganella morganii subsp. morganii, carrying resistance genes dfrA15, floR, tetA(G), blaCARB-2, and sul1, conferring resistance to trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, ticarcillin, and sulfonamides, respectively.

The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes, including sul1, sul2, floR, aadA1, aac(6')-Ib, blaTEM, blaCTX-M, blaPSE, blaNDM-1, qacEΔ1, pcoA/copA, chrB, and pcoR, in bacterial isolates from seafood. These genes conferred resistance to sulfonamides, phenicols, aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, and heavy metals.

The study identified various AMR genes and mutations in non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica, including blaTEM-1, strA-strB, sul2, tet(A), qnrS1, aadA2, aadA17, floR, cmlA1, aac(3)-Id, aac(3)-IIa, dfrA12, dfrA1, dfrA14, blaCTX-M-9, blaCTX-M-55, blaSHV-12, blaPSE-1/blaCARB-2, and blaCMY-2, along with mutations in gyrA and parC associated with ciprofloxacin resistance.

The study evaluated the synergy of ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) in combination with other antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Several AMR genes, including blaKPC-2, blaKPC-3, blaCTX-M-15, and others, were identified as conferring resistance to CZA and other antibiotics.

The study evaluated the in vitro activity of ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozane/tazobactam against MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Qatar. It identified several beta-lactamase genes, including blaTEM-116, blaVEB-1a, blaCARB-3, blaVIM-2, blaPDC-2, blaPDC-3, blaPDC-5, blaPDC-7, blaOXA-4, blaOXA-10, and blaOXA-50, which contribute to resistance against these antibiotics.

The study identified beta-lactam resistance genes bla CARB–7 and bla CARB–9, the phenicol resistance gene catB9, and the tetracycline resistance gene tet (34) in Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 isolates from a large Austrian lake. These genes were associated with resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline, respectively.

The study identified beta-lactam resistance genes bla CARB–7 and bla CARB–9, the phenicol resistance gene catB9, and the tetracycline resistance gene tet (34) in Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 isolates from a large Austrian lake. These genes were associated with resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline, respectively.

The study identified several AMR genes in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from LTCF residents, including bla CTX-M-27, bla CTX-M-14, bla TEM-1B, bla IMP-1, and others, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as β-lactams, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in various rural environmental media, including bla OXA10-02, bla PSE, lnu B-02, and qac EΔ1-01, which were found to confer resistance to beta-lactam, lincosamide, streptogramin B, and quaternary ammonium compounds, respectively.

The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in enterovirulent E. coli isolates from adult patients in Cameroon, including blaTEM, blaOxa, cat1, cat2, tetB, tetA, tetG, sul2, and dfrA12, along with mutations in gyrA and parC contributing to quinolone resistance.

The study identifies the presence of the blaCARB-2 gene along with other resistance genes such as aac(6')-Iaa, aadA2b, sul1, tetG, floR, and qacEΔ1 in multidrug-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium ST19 strains.

The study reports the first identification of the aacC5-aadA7Δ4 gene cassette array and a putative phage tail tape measure protein on class 1 integrons in Campylobacter species isolated from animal and human sources in Egypt. These gene cassettes contribute to multidrug resistance in Campylobacter isolates.

The study identified several AMR genes in Salmonella isolates from broilers in Shandong, China, including blaTEM, blaOXA, blaCTX-M, blaPSE, aac(6')-Ib-cr, oqxB, qnrB, and mcr-1, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, enrofloxacin, and polymyxin.

The study identified various AMR genes in E. coli isolates from bloodstream infections, including genes conferring resistance to beta-lactams, macrolides, aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim. Additionally, mutations in quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA, parC, and parE were associated with ciprofloxacin resistance.

The study identified several beta-lactamase genes, including bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-55, bla CTX-M-65, bla SHV-12, bla SHV-28, bla SHV-81, bla TEM-1B, bla TEM-52C, bla CARB-2, bla OXA-1, bla DHA-1, and bla CMY-2, along with other AMR genes such as aac(3)-IIa, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3')-Ib, aph(6)-Id, aadA1, aadA2, aph(4)-Ia, oqxA, oqxB, qnrB1, qnrS1, floR, sul2, sul1, tet(A), dfrA14, dfrA1, dfrA17, dfrA8, dfrA12, dfrA16, dfrA15, catB3, cmlA1, arr-2, and qnrB19, which confer resistance to various antibiotics in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from food products.

The study identified bla TEM, bla PSE, and qnrS as the main antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella isolates from dead-in-shell chicken embryos in Shandong, China, with bla TEM being the most common beta-lactamase gene and qnrS showing high prevalence.

The study identified 10 beta-lactamase genes, including blaCARB-53 and blaTEM-1B, and a novel chloramphenicol resistance gene catB3s in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These genes were found in various mobile genetic elements and contributed to resistance against multiple antibiotics.

The study identified various AMR genes in commensal E. coli strains from wildlife, including bla TEM-1, bla CTX-M-1, tet(A), tet(B), and several resistance gene cassettes in integrons. These genes were found to confer resistance to multiple antibiotics, highlighting the presence of AMR in wildlife E. coli populations.

The study identified several AMR genes in Salmonella enterica isolates from poultry and food products in Pakistan, including bla TEM-1, bla OxA-1, bla PSE-1, bla CMY-2, ampC, and the virulence gene sopE. These genes were associated with resistance to multiple antibiotics, highlighting the public health concerns related to AMR in Salmonella.

The study identifies a novel blaKPC-2 plasmid (pP33-2) and an integrative and conjugative element (ICEP33) carrying Tn6203 in multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. The plasmid pP33-2 is distinct from previously reported blaKPC-2 plasmids and is not transferable. ICEP33 contains resistance genes including aac(6')-IIa, ant(2")-Ia, blaCARB-2, and sul1, contributing to multidrug resistance.

The study identifies a novel plasmid-encoded VIM-2-producing Pseudomonas stutzeri strain, ZDHY95, with a complex genetic arrangement including a novel class I integron In1998 and various resistance genes such as blaVIM-2, aacA3, aadA13, cmlA8, blaOXA-246, arr3, dfrA27, qacEΔ1, sul1, aacA4'-30, aacA4', qnrVC1, catB11, blaCARB-4.

The study identified streptomycin and tetracycline resistance-conferring genes in South African Salmonella enterica lineages, highlighting the presence of antimicrobial resistance in animal and animal product isolates.

The study presents AMaLa, a method to infer fitness landscapes from Directed Evolution experiments. It characterizes the resistance mechanisms of beta-lactamase (TEM-1, PSE-1) and acetyltransferase (AAC6) through computational and experimental validation.

The study analyzed 22,102 Salmonella genomes from public databases to track antimicrobial resistance (AMR) trends in food animals in the United States. It found that the prevalence of multidrug resistance (MDR) decreased in bovines and swine but increased in poultry. Key AMR genes identified include bla CMY-2, bla CTX-M-65, floR, tetA, sul2, aadA2, aac(3)-VIa, qnrB19, qnrB2, bla SHV-12, bla TEM-1, bla CARB-2, aph(3")-Ib, aph(6)-Id, aph(3')-Ia, ant(3")-Ia, aph(4)-Ia, and aac(3)-IVa. A significant mutation, gyrA D87Y, was associated with quinolone resistance in poultry.

The study identified various CTX-M-type beta-lactamase genes, including bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-27, bla CTX-M-32, bla CTX-M-55, and bla CTX-M-65, as well as other beta-lactamase genes such as bla TEM-1, bla CARB-2, and bla CMY-2 in ESBL E. coli isolates from sheep and their abattoir environment. Additional AMR genes related to aminoglycosides, macrolides, phenicols, quinolones, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and trimethoprim were also detected.

The study identified several ESBL genes, including blaCTX-M-15, blaCARB-2, blaSHV-27, blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-27, and blaCTX-M-3, associated with third-generation cephalosporin resistance in Enterobacteriaceae bloodstream infections.

The study identified several AMR genes in E. coli isolates from wild meso-mammals and environmental sources, including blaTEM-1, tet(A), tet(B), sul1, sul2, aph(3”)-Ib, aph(6)-Id, blaCMY-2, qnrS1, and floR. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, aminoglycosides, and quinolones.

The study identifies a novel transposon Tn7376 and a genomic island MMGI-4 in a multidrug-resistant Morganella morganii isolate, carrying multiple antimicrobial resistance genes including dfrA24, mph(A), aadA1, sul1, floR, catA2, cmlA1, aph(3')-Ia, aac(6')-Ib-cr, tet(A), tet(B), arr-3, blaTEM-1B, blaDHA-17, blaCARB-2, blaOXA-1, blaCTX-M-3, and fosA3.

The study identified several β-lactamase genes, including bla_IMP-45, bla_OXA-1, bla_PDC-3, and bla_CARB-3, which contribute to β-lactam antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates. These genes were found to be transferable via plasmids and conferred resistance to various β-lactam antibiotics.

The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes in Vibrio species from freshwater samples in Southwest Nigeria, including sulI, sulII, ampC, blaOXA, blaPSE, tetA, tetE, strA, aacC2, and aphA1, highlighting the environmental spread of resistance genes.

The study identified multiple beta-lactamase genes, including bla OXA-23, bla OXA-66, bla NDM-1, and others, as well as aminoglycoside resistance genes such as aac(3)-Ia, aadA1, and dfrA1, which contribute to the extensive drug resistance in Acinetobacter strains from Bangladesh.

The study identified several AMR genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from equine and other veterinary samples, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, quinolone resistance genes, sulfonamide resistance genes, phenicol resistance genes, tetracycline resistance genes, and efflux pumps. Additionally, genes conferring resistance to quaternary ammonium compounds were detected.

The study presents a Cross-Validated Feature Selection (CVFS) approach for identifying the most parsimonious gene sets for predicting antimicrobial resistance (AMR) from bacterial pan-genomes. The CVFS approach was able to extract both known and novel AMR genes, demonstrating its effectiveness in selecting relevant features for AMR prediction.

The study identified blaIMP-45 as a major determinant of meropenem resistance in P. aeruginosa, and mutations in oprD, mexR, nalD, and armR were associated with meropenem resistance.

The study identified multiple AMR genes, including aac(6')-IIa, aac(6')-Ib4, aac(6')-Ib7, aac(6')-Ib9, aac(6')-Ib10, aac(3)-IId, aadA, aadA2, aadA3, aadA7, aadA13, bla OXA-50-Like, bla OXA-1-Like, bla OXA-10-Like, bla OXA-21-Like, bla VIM-2, bla IMP-9, bla IMP-45, bla KPC-2, bla CTX-M-13, bla CARB-1, bla CARB-3, qnrVC1, qnrVC6, bla PDC-3, and bla PDC-5, in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Guangdong, China, highlighting the high prevalence of multidrug-resistant and carbapenem-resistant strains.

The study identified multiple AMR genes, including aac(6')-IIa, aac(6')-Ib4, aac(6')-Ib7, aac(6')-Ib9, aac(6')-Ib10, aac(3)-IId, aadA, aadA2, aadA3, aadA7, aadA13, bla OXA-50-Like, bla OXA-1-Like, bla OXA-10-Like, bla OXA-21-Like, bla VIM-2, bla IMP-9, bla IMP-45, bla KPC-2, bla CTX-M-13, bla CARB-1, bla CARB-3, qnrVC1, qnrVC6, bla PDC-3, and bla PDC-5, in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Guangdong, China, highlighting the high prevalence of multidrug-resistant and carbapenem-resistant strains.

The study identifies multiple AMR genes and mutations contributing to CZA and IPM resistance in P. aeruginosa, including blaPER-1, blaPDC-421, blaOXA-2, blaOXA-50, blaOXA-904, blaOXA-905, blaOXA-913, blaOXA-914, and blaCARB-2, along with mutations in dacB, ampD, ampE, ampR, oprD, nalC, nalD, mexR, and mexZ.

The study identified multidrug-resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella in migratory birds in Bangladesh, highlighting the presence of various AMR genes such as blaCARB-2, floR, sul1, tet(G), dfrA1, and mutations in gyrA and parC associated with quinolone resistance.

The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Alcaligenes species, particularly in clinical isolates, highlighting the presence of genes conferring resistance to β-lactams, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, and other antibiotics.

The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Alcaligenes species, particularly in clinical isolates, highlighting the presence of genes conferring resistance to β-lactams, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, and other antibiotics.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolates from Taiwan, including aminoglycoside, tetracycline, beta-lactam, macrolide, and phenicol resistance genes, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug resistance.

The study identifies widespread co-localization of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) with other resistance and virulence genes in the infant gut microbiome, highlighting the association with an immature gut microbial composition. Key findings include the frequent co-localization of tetracycline and fluoroquinolone resistance genes, as well as the presence of class 1 integrons on plasmids.

The study identified several AMR genes in Salmonella strains from both NAE and conventional broiler complexes, including aac(6')-Iaa, aph(3")-Ib, aph(6)-Id, tet(B), blaCARB-2, floR, gyrA, and parC. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as tetracycline, sulfisoxazole, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, and ciprofloxacin.

The study identified several AMR genes in Morganella clinical isolates, including tet(B), sul1, catA2, sul2, floR, aadA1, and others, contributing to resistance against various antibiotics.

The study characterizes several AMR genes and mutations in VIM-producing P. aeruginosa isolates, including aac(6')-Ib3, aac(6')-Il, aac(6')-Ib-Hangzhou, aadA6, qnrVC1, VIM-2, VIM-1, blaCARB-4, and mutations in mexR and mexB. These genes and mutations contribute to resistance against various antibiotics such as aminoglycosides, quinolones, and beta-lactams.

The study identifies bla(NDM-1), bla(OXA-114), and bla(PSE-1) as carbapenem resistance genes in Achromobacter xylosoxidans isolates from Myanmar, along with aminoglycoside modifying enzymes such as aac(6')-Ib, aph(6)-Id, aph(3'')-Ib, ant(4')-Iib, and aph(3')-VI.

The study established tentative CLSI M45 antimicrobial susceptibility testing breakpoints for Pseudomonas other than Pseudomonas aeruginosa (POPA). It identified various beta-lactamase genes, including metallo-beta-lactamases (MBLs) such as bla POM-1, bla POM-2, bla PAM-1, bla PST-1, bla VIM-2, bla CARB-2, bla DHA-1, and bla IMP-13, which confer resistance to carbapenems. Additionally, multidrug-resistant efflux pumps like ttgABC and tmexCD-toprJ were found to contribute to carbapenem resistance. Other resistance genes for aminoglycosides, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, quaternary ammonium compounds, chloramphenicol, and fluoroquinolones were also detected.

Urban V. cholerae isolates from the lower Rio Grande Delta (LRGD) exhibit resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics due to the presence of the CARB-7 beta-lactamase gene, while rural isolates show variations in OmpU expression and lack certain virulence factors.

The study identified 30 different resistance determinants in 14 whole genome sequenced E. coli isolates from poultry farms in Abeokuta, Nigeria. These included genes such as blaTEM-1B, blaCARB-2, aph(3'')-Ib, aph(6)-Id, floR, sul1, sul2, tet(A), and tet(B), among others, which conferred resistance to various antimicrobial classes.

The study identified several AMR genes in Salmonella isolates from South Africa, including blaPSE, blaSHV, qnrS, tetA, qnrA, cat1, blaCMY-2, and qnrB, which were associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and others.

The study identifies four novel CARB-beta-lactamase variants (CARB-59 to CARB-62) in ampicillin-resistant Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 strains from Argentina, which are associated with the V. cholerae superintegron. These variants contribute to ampicillin resistance and are linked to the presence of the VPI-1 pathogenicity island, enhancing the virulence potential of certain strains.

The study identifies four novel CARB-beta-lactamase variants (CARB-59 to CARB-62) in ampicillin-resistant Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 strains from Argentina, which are associated with the V. cholerae superintegron. These variants contribute to ampicillin resistance and are linked to the presence of the VPI-1 pathogenicity island, enhancing the virulence potential of certain strains.

The study identifies four novel CARB-beta-lactamase variants (CARB-59 to CARB-62) in ampicillin-resistant Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 strains from Argentina, which are associated with the V. cholerae superintegron. These variants contribute to ampicillin resistance and are linked to the presence of the VPI-1 pathogenicity island, enhancing the virulence potential of certain strains.

The study identifies four novel CARB-beta-lactamase variants (CARB-59 to CARB-62) in ampicillin-resistant Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 strains from Argentina, which are associated with the V. cholerae superintegron. These variants contribute to ampicillin resistance and are linked to the presence of the VPI-1 pathogenicity island, enhancing the virulence potential of certain strains.

The study identifies four novel CARB-β-lactamase variants (CARB-59 to CARB-62) in ampicillin-resistant Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 strains from Argentina, which are associated with the V. cholerae superintegron. These variants contribute to ampicillin resistance and are linked to the presence of the VPI-1 pathogenicity island, enhancing the virulence potential of certain strains.

The study identified several AMR genes in Salmonella Typhimurium isolates from South Africa, including beta-lactamases (bla PSE, bla CMY-2, bla TEM, bla SHV), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2, sul3), fluoroquinolone resistance genes (qnrA, qnrB, qnrS), tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetB), and trimethoprim resistance genes (dfrXI, dfrXII).

The study identified a high prevalence of trimethoprim resistance genes (dfrA1, dfrA15, dfrA31) and other resistance genes such as floR, strA, strB, varG, blaCARB-2, aadA1, aadA2, sul1, sul2, catB9, tet(C), tet(G), tet(59), qacEdelta, and blaCMY-4 in Vibrio cholerae isolates from Africa. Fluoroquinolone resistance mutations (gyrA_S83I and parC_S85L) and nitrofuran resistance mutations (nfsA_R169C and nfsB_Q5*) were also prevalent.