The study identifies mutations in the promoter region of the eis gene, which encode an aminoglycoside acetyltransferase, leading to kanamycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis through overexpression of the Eis protein.

The study identifies potent inhibitors of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis acetyltransferase Eis, which overcomes kanamycin resistance by blocking Eis-mediated acetylation of kanamycin.

The study identified several AMR genes and mutations associated with drug resistance in M. tuberculosis, including rrs, gyrA, inhA, katG, rpoB, embB, pncA, and folC, as well as a novel mutation in Rv2477c linked to kanamycin and amikacin resistance.

The study evaluated the performance of a pyrosequencing assay for detecting drug-resistant tuberculosis, identifying key genes and mutations associated with resistance to isoniazid, rifampicin, fluoroquinolones, and injectable drugs like kanamycin and capreomycin.

The study identifies sulfonamide inhibitors of the aminoglycoside acetyltransferase Eis, which is responsible for kanamycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. These inhibitors effectively restore kanamycin susceptibility by blocking Eis activity.

The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in M. tuberculosis, including rrs A1401G, katG S315T, inhA C-15T, rpoB D516Y, gyrA A90V, tlyA insertion, and eis G-10A, which contribute to resistance against various antibiotics such as isoniazid, rifampicin, amikacin, capreomycin, and ofloxacin.

The study shows that mutations in gyrB and eis genes improve the detection of second-line drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. Specifically, gyrB mutations enhance the detection of ofloxacin resistance, while the eis C-14T mutation improves the detection of kanamycin resistance.

The study identifies and characterizes 1,2,4-triazino[5,6 b]indole-3-thioether inhibitors of the Kanamycin resistance enzyme Eis from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, demonstrating their ability to restore KAN sensitivity in resistant strains.

The study identified the overexpression of the eis gene in the amikacin- and kanamycin-resistant M. tuberculosis MT433 strain without any mutations in the promoter region, indicating a novel resistance mechanism.

The study identifies several AMR genes and mutations in Mycobacterium africanum Lineage 5, including rpoB, katG, inhA, pncA, embB, rrs, and eis, which are associated with resistance to rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and kanamycin. Additionally, a 33.8 kb deletion in the katG gene was found to confer isoniazid resistance.

The study identifies aac(2′)-Ib and eis as aminoglycoside acetyltransferases in mycobacteria, highlighting their roles in drug resistance and other cellular functions.

The study identifies various AMR genes and mutations in MDR-TB patients, highlighting the significance of pncA gene mutations in predicting poor treatment outcomes and their association with resistance to pyrazinamide, as well as other genes like rpoB, katG, inhA, gyrA, and others linked to resistance against rifampin, isoniazid, and fluoroquinolones.

The study evaluates the performance of the GeneLEAD VIII and Deeplex Myc-TB assay for detecting drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. It identifies several AMR genes and mutations associated with resistance to various antituberculous drugs.

The study evaluates the accuracy of a nanopore sequencing approach for detecting drug-resistance-associated variants in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, demonstrating high agreement with Illumina sequencing for known resistance variants and phylogenetic markers.

The study identified several mutations in the rrs, eis, whiB7, tlyA, and gyrA genes associated with resistance to kanamycin, capreomycin, and ofloxacin in Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates from western and northern India.

The study identifies various AMR genes and mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients in Russia, highlighting the association of specific mutations with resistance to ethambutol, isoniazid, rifampicin, kanamycin, amikacin, and capreomycin.

The study identifies various AMR genes and mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates, including rpoB, fabG1, inhA, ndh, katG, mshA, ahpC, gyrA, gyrB, rrs, eis, embCAB, pncA, and rpsA, which are associated with resistance to rifampicin, isoniazid, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide.

The paper discusses intrinsic and acquired drug resistance mechanisms in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, highlighting beta-lactamases (blaA, blaC, blaE), erm gene-mediated macrolide/lincosamide/streptogramin B resistance, mfpA-mediated fluoroquinolone/viomycin/capreomycin resistance, and the role of the Eis protein in aminoglycoside resistance. It also identifies mutations in rpoB and gyrA associated with rifampicin and fluoroquinolone resistance.

The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis variant bovis strains from Mato Grosso, Brazil, including resistance to pyrazinamide, isoniazid, rifampicin, streptomycin, ethambutol, ethionamide, fluoroquinolones, kanamycin, capreomycin, paraminosalicylic acid, cycloserine, bedaquiline, linezolid, and delamanid.

The study presents a targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) assay for detecting drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis directly from clinical specimens, demonstrating high concordance with whole genome sequencing (WGS) results and significantly reducing turnaround time compared to traditional methods.

The study focuses on the discovery and development of inhibitors targeting the acetyltransferase Eis, which is responsible for aminoglycoside resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Eis was shown to confer resistance to kanamycin and amikacin.

The study identifies numerous genetic determinants of resistance and susceptibility in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, including mutations in genes such as katG, rpoB, inhA, fabG1, embA, embB, gyrA, gyrB, rrs, and eis, which are associated with resistance to various antibiotics.

The study introduces LLMTB, a large language model that predicts antibiotic resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by analyzing genomic data. It identifies key resistance genes and intergenic regions associated with various antibiotics, demonstrating superior performance compared to existing methods.

The study identifies tlyA mutations (Gly232Asp and Trp120fs) and eis promoter variant (c.−14c>t) as key contributors to capreomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Additional mutations in rpmA (Gln19Arg) and mmaA2 (Ala48Val) are linked to cross-resistance.