The study identifies three erythromycin resistance phenotypes in Streptococcus pyogenes: cMLS, iMLS, and M. The ermB and ermTR genes were associated with cMLS and iMLS strains, while mefA was linked to the M phenotype.

The study identified two copies of the erm(B) gene in the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance determinant of Clostridium difficile 630, which are separated by a direct repeat sequence.

The study identifies the presence of the ermB and tet(M) genes in a strain of Abiotrophia defectiva, which confer resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, and minocycline. These resistance genes are located on a chromosomally borne Tn916-like transposon, Tn3872.

The study identified the presence of ermB and ermA genes in various Enterococcus species, which confer resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramins. Additionally, a novel gene, msrC, was discovered in Enterococcus faecium, which is proposed to encode a putative ABC transporter involved in macrolide resistance.

The study identifies the loss of tetracycline and erythromycin resistance in certain strains of the serotype 6B Icelandic clone of Streptococcus pneumoniae, indicating the potential for resistance gene inactivation or deletion.

The study identified ermB and mefE as major mechanisms of macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae, with ermB causing high-level resistance to clindamycin and macrolides, while mefE conferred lower-level resistance to macrolides but susceptibility to clindamycin.

The study identified ermB, mefA, and ermTR genes as responsible for macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from French pediatric patients.

The study identifies mefA, ermB, and ermTR as the primary genes responsible for erythromycin resistance in group A streptococci in southern Taiwan, with mefA being particularly prevalent in the M-phenotype isolates.

The study reports the first evidence of a direct physical linkage between the vat(E) and erm(B) genes in streptogramin-resistant Enterococcus faecium isolates from Europe, indicating a conserved genetic element mediating resistance to both streptogramins and macrolides.

The study identified ermTR, mefA, and ermB genes as key resistance mechanisms in Streptococcus pyogenes against macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramin B.

The study shows extensive horizontal gene transfer of tetracycline resistance gene tetQ and erythromycin resistance genes ermF, ermG, and ermB among Bacteroides species and between Bacteroides and other genera in the human colon.

The study identifies tetM, ermB, and mefA as the primary resistance genes in multidrug-resistant group A streptococci in southern Sweden, highlighting the emergence of novel MLS resistance subphenotypes.

The study found that telithromycin is effective against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus species, except for S. pyogenes strains with a constitutive erm(B) gene, which showed high MICs. S. pneumoniae strains with a constitutive erm(B) gene had low MICs to telithromycin.

The study characterizes the resistance mechanisms mediated by ermB and mefE genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae, demonstrating the efficacy of ABT-773 against strains harboring these resistance determinants.

The paper discusses molecular detection methods for antimicrobial resistance, focusing on genes like mecA and blaZ, which confer resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics in staphylococci.

The study identifies the transposition of a mobile DNA element containing the vat(D) and erm(B) genes in Enterococcus faecium, demonstrating their co-transfer and physical linkage.

The study reports the high prevalence of inducible erythromycin resistance among Streptococcus bovis isolates in Taiwan, with the majority of resistant strains carrying the ermT or ermB gene.

The study identifies essential residues in the Erm(B) rRNA methyltransferase of Clostridium perfringens, showing that mutations in conserved motifs impair erythromycin resistance.

The study identified erm(B), erm(TR), and mef(A) as key resistance determinants in group A streptococci, with erm(B) being the most prevalent contributor to increased macrolide resistance.

The study identified the presence of mef(A) and erm(B) genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, which confer resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramin B. Cethromycin demonstrated effective bactericidal activity against both macrolide-susceptible and -resistant isolates.

The study identifies the VanA-type Enterococcus faecalis as the predominant clonal lineage in vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) isolated in New Zealand, highlighting the presence of vanA, ermB, and tet(M) genes associated with glycopeptide, macrolide, and tetracycline resistance, respectively.

The study identified erm(A), erm(B), and mef(A) as the primary resistance mechanisms in macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes. A new mutation in the 23S rRNA (T2166C) was associated with telithromycin resistance.

The study identified mef(A) and erm(B) as the primary mechanisms of macrolide resistance in invasive pneumococci in Finland, along with specific ribosomal mutations contributing to resistance.

The study identified various macrolide resistance genes, including mef(A), erm(B), mefA, ermTR, and ermB, in Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from Latin America.

The study identified various macrolide resistance genes, including mef(A), erm(B), mefA, ermTR, and ermB, in Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from Latin America.

The study identified the mefA gene associated with erythromycin resistance and the ermB gene linked to resistance against erythromycin and clindamycin in Streptococcus pyogenes isolates.

The study identified tet(M), erm(B), mef(A), and mef(E) as the primary genes responsible for tetracycline and erythromycin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae strains.

The study identifies the ermB gene as a key determinant of clindamycin and erythromycin resistance in a widespread epidemic clone of Clostridium difficile isolated from Polish patients with C. difficile-associated diarrhea.

The study identifies a new conjugative transposon, CTnBST, carrying the ermB gene, which confers erythromycin resistance in Bacteroides species. The ermB gene was found to be integrated into the chromosome and is part of a 100-kb element.

The study identifies ermTR, ermB, and mef genes as mediators of erythromycin resistance in beta-hemolytic group G streptococci, highlighting the role of horizontal gene transfer in the spread of resistance.

The study identified the presence of acquired macrolide resistance genes erm(B), erm(C), erm(F), and mef(A) in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis isolates from 1940 to 1987. These genes were found in isolates dating back to 1955 and 1963, demonstrating the long-standing presence of these resistance mechanisms.

The study identifies a novel tylosin resistance determinant, Erm B, in Arcanobacterium pyogenes, which confers resistance to tylosin.

The study identified the erm(B) gene as a mediator of clindamycin resistance in toxin A-negative, toxin B-positive Clostridium difficile isolates.

The study identified multiple mechanisms of resistance to macrolide and lincosamide antibiotics in Streptococcus pyogenes, including erm(A), erm(B), and mef(A) genes.

The study found that ermB was the primary gene responsible for erythromycin resistance in enterococci isolated from swine, with 95% of resistant isolates carrying this gene.

The study identified seven macrolide resistance genes in gram-negative bacteria from healthy Portuguese children, with mef(A) being the most predominant. The genes included mef(A), erm(B), ere(A), ere(B), mph(A), mph(B), and mph(D).

The study identified erm(B), tet(O), and tet(M) as the primary genes responsible for erythromycin and tetracycline resistance in Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from dairy cows in Brazil.

The study identified tetracycline resistance genes (tet(M) and tet(L)) and an erythromycin resistance gene (erm(B)) in Enterococcus strains isolated from an Irish artisanal cheese.

The study found that treatment with slow-release clarithromycin led to increased macrolide resistance in oropharyngeal flora, with significant rises in ermB and ermC genes in streptococci and staphylococci, respectively.

The study identified mef(A) and erm(B) as the predominant macrolide resistance genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, and multiple mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE as the main mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance.

The study characterizes the ermB gene's role in macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae, highlighting its presence on transposons Tn1545 and Tn917, with distinct resistance profiles depending on the transposon type.

The study identifies several AMR genes and mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae, including erm(B) and mef(E) for macrolide resistance, and gyrA and parC mutations for fluoroquinolone resistance. It also reports 23S rRNA mutations linked to resistance against macrolides, telithromycin, and streptogramins.

The study identified erm(B), erm(C), and erm(A) genes as mediators of inducible clindamycin resistance in pediatric community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) strains. The prevalence of inducible resistance decreased from 1999 to 2002.

The paper discusses the mechanisms of macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae, highlighting the roles of mef(A) and erm(B) genes. These genes confer resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramin B.

The study identifies erm(B) and mef(A) as the primary mechanisms of macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes, with a specific H118R mutation in erm(B) linked to telithromycin resistance.

The study identified the presence of macrolide resistance genes mefA, ermB, and ermTR in less than 2% of the emm28 group A Streptococcus strains analyzed.

The study identified mef(E), mef(A), and erm(B) as the primary macrolide resistance mechanisms in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from Finland in 2002, with mef(E) being the most prevalent subtype.

The study developed a multiplex PCR and reverse line blot hybridization assay to detect nine antibiotic resistance-related genes in Streptococcus agalactiae, including erm(B), erm(A/TR), mef(A/E), tet(M), tet(O), aphA-3, aad-6, int-Tn, and mreA. These genes were found to be associated with resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramin B, tetracyclines, and aminoglycosides.

The study identified several AMR genes including erm(A), erm(C), erm(B), vat(D), vgb(A), and vga(A) that confer resistance to streptogramins. Mutations in the rplV gene, encoding ribosomal protein L22, also contributed to resistance against streptogramin B.

The study identified mef(A), erm(A), and erm(B) genes as major contributors to erythromycin resistance in S. pyogenes isolates, with erm(B) also linked to telithromycin resistance. Additionally, two novel mutations in the 23S rRNA gene (T2136C and T2166C) were associated with resistance to macrolides.

The study identified a vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium clone carrying the vanA gene, which confers resistance to glycopeptides, and the erm(B) gene, which confers resistance to erythromycin. Additionally, two Spanish isolates carried the aph(3')-IIIa gene, which provides resistance to kanamycin and streptomycin.

The study identified tet(M) and erm(B) as the primary tetracycline and erythromycin resistance genes in enterococci from houseflies in food settings.

The study identifies vancomycin resistance plasmids pSL1 and pSL2 in Enterococcus faecalis isolates from humans and chicken feces, which carry multiple resistance genes including vanA, ermB, aph(3')-IIIa, ant(6')-Ia, and aac(6')-aph(2').

The study identifies vanA, tet(S), and tet(U) as key genes contributing to vancomycin and tetracycline resistance in VRSA isolates, highlighting the role of plasmid-mediated gene transfer in the emergence of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

The study identified the ermB gene in Lactobacillus salivarius BFE 7441, which confers resistance to erythromycin. Additionally, it found that many lactic acid bacteria strains exhibited intrinsic resistance to aminoglycosides, quinolones, and glycopeptides.

The paper discusses the regulation of antibiotic resistance genes, focusing on glycopeptide resistance in enterococci, efflux pumps in Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, and the role of two-component systems in modulating resistance gene expression.

The study identifies and characterizes genetic elements carrying the erm(B) gene, which confers resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramin B, and its association with the tet(M) gene, which confers tetracycline resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes.

The study identified ermB and mefA genes as major contributors to macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from Japanese patients with community-acquired pneumonia.

The study identified tetracycline resistance genes (tet(M)), erythromycin resistance genes (erm(B)), and penicillin resistance gene (blaZ) in lactic acid bacteria isolated from poultry and swine meat products.

The study identified the ermB gene as a key contributor to macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance in community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) isolates from a kindergarten in northern Taiwan.

The study identifies various AMR genes in Enterococcus faecalis, including blaZ, ermB, tetM, and vanA, which confer resistance to beta-lactams, macrolides, tetracyclines, and glycopeptides, respectively.

The study identified erythromycin resistance genes erm(B), erm(A), and mef(A), and tetracycline resistance gene tet(M) in group B streptococci (GBS) in Italy. Erythromycin resistance was predominantly associated with serotype V and the PFGE type 1/CC1 group.

The study developed real-time PCR assays to detect ermB, ermTR, and mefA genes in Group B Streptococcus (GBS) isolates, showing that the presence of erm genes predicts clindamycin resistance with high sensitivity and specificity.

The study identified erm(B) and mef(A) as the primary macrolide resistance genes in beta-hemolytic viridans group streptococci, with erm(B) being dominant in cMLS B phenotypes and mef(A) in M phenotypes.

A deletion in the leader sequence of erm(B) in Streptococcus pneumoniae leads to constitutive expression of the gene, increasing rRNA methylation and conferring telithromycin resistance.

The study identified a multidrug-resistant PVL+ CA-MRSA ST59 strain in Taiwan with a novel SCC mec type VII, carrying resistance genes such as tetK, cat, aadE, aph(3')-IIIa, ermB, blaZ, and cadDX.

The study identified mef(A) and erm(B) as the primary mechanisms of macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae, with a significant increase in the prevalence of isolates carrying both genes, leading to multidrug resistance.

The study identified ermB and tetO as the primary erythromycin and tetracycline resistance genes in enterococci from both bison and cattle, with tetM also found in some bison isolates. Ciprofloxacin resistance was noted but not linked to specific mutations.

The study identified and characterized erm(B)-carrying transposons in tetracycline-resistant pneumococci, showing that Tn1545 and Tn6003 have similar resistance gene combinations, including erm(B), tet(M), and aphA-3. It also revealed that Tn6002 was the most common transposon among the isolates.

The mlr operon, consisting of erm(B) and cfr, confers resistance to multiple classes of protein synthesis inhibitors by modifying specific residues in 23S rRNA. The cfr gene is under the control of the erm(B) promoter, and both genes are expressed constitutively.

The study identifies erm(B) as a gene involved in macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance through translational attenuation and mRNA stabilization mechanisms.

The study characterizes new SCCmec elements and mutations in topoisomerase genes associated with fluoroquinolone and methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius.

Three L. paracasei strains from cheese showed acquired resistance to tetracycline and/or erythromycin, linked to the presence of tet(M), tet(W), and erm(B) genes.

The study identifies the presence of mef(E) and erm(B) genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Spain, contributing to macrolide resistance. The combination of these genes leads to a constitutive MLS(B) phenotype.

The study identified various AMR genes in E. coli isolates from humans and swine, highlighting differences in resistance profiles between the two hosts. Key genes included beta-lactamases (blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV), aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (aac(6')-Ib, aadA), tetracycline resistance (tet(A)), quinolone resistance (qnrS1), macrolide resistance (erm(B)), and efflux pumps (mexAB-OprM).

The study identified erm(B) as a gene conferring erythromycin resistance in Enterococcus faecium isolates, with one probiotic isolate carrying this gene that was not transferable to enterococcal recipients.

The study identifies the ermB gene as a genetic marker for clindamycin resistance in Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype 027.

The study identified the presence of antibiotic resistance genes including tetO, ermB, mecA, blaSHV-5, ampC, and vanA in reclaimed water from three European artificial groundwater recharge systems. These genes were detected using real-time qPCR, indicating their potential impact on the environment.

The study demonstrates the transfer of antibiotic resistance marker genes, specifically erm(B) and tet(M), between lactic acid bacteria in both in vitro and in vivo models, highlighting the potential for horizontal gene transfer in natural environments.

The study identifies various genes in Streptococcus suis strains that are associated with virulence and potential drug resistance, highlighting the genomic diversity and evolution of this pathogen.

The study identified tetracycline resistance genes (tet(M), tet(W), tet(Q)) and erythromycin resistance genes (ermB, ermF) in the vaginal microbiota of primates not typically exposed to antibiotics, indicating the presence of antibiotic resistance genes in these animals despite limited antibiotic exposure.

The study identified the plasmid-borne mph(A) gene as the most common macrolide resistance gene in Escherichia coli isolates from five countries on four continents, along with the rare erm(B) and mph(B) genes.

The study evaluated the in vitro activity of CEM-101 against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes with defined macrolide resistance mechanisms, identifying erm(B) and mef(A) as key genes responsible for macrolide resistance.

The study identified macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from pet cats and rats, carrying either the ermB gene (conferring iMLS B phenotype) or the mef(A) gene (conferring M phenotype).

The study identified antimicrobial resistance genes erm(B), erm(A), linB, tet(M), and tet(O) in bovine group C streptococci, indicating their potential role in multidrug resistance and horizontal gene transfer.

The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations in MRSA strains causing a skin lesion in a Spanish patient, including mecA, tetK, tetL, tetM, ermA, ermB, ermC, msrA, aph(2')-acc(6'), ant(4')-Ia, aph(3')-III, and dfrK, along with quinolone resistance mutations in grlA and gyrA.

The study identified erm(B), mef(E), mef(A), mel, and msr(D) as key genes responsible for macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, highlighting the role of Tn 916 family transposons in the dissemination of these resistance determinants.

The study identified the long-term persistence of the macrolide resistance gene erm(B) in the gut microbiome following antibiotic treatment, highlighting the potential for prolonged antibiotic resistance development.

The study identified various AMR genes including erm(B), linB, lnuD, tet(M), tet(S), and tet(O) associated with resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, and tetracyclines in bovine isolates of Streptococcus agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae subsp. dysgalactiae, and S. uberis.

The study identifies a novel keyhole phenotype in clindamycin-resistant erythromycin-sensitive Streptococcus agalactiae strains, characterized by mutations in the erm(B) gene leading to erythromycin sensitivity despite the presence of the gene, and the presence of the lnu(B) gene associated with clindamycin resistance.

The study reports the presence and expression of tet(L) in Streptococcus suis strains and highlights the co-expression of multiple tetracycline resistance genes contributing to high MIC levels against tetracycline.

The study identifies tet(M) and erm(B) as the most common resistance genes in enterococci from insects and swine feces, highlighting their role in multidrug resistance.

The study identified the distribution of erm genes (ermA, ermB, and ermC) among staphylococci isolates and found that constitutive MLS B resistance was the most prevalent phenotype, with ermA being the most common gene in S. aureus and ermC in CNS isolates.

The study identified tetracycline resistance genes tet(M), tet(O), and tet(L), and erythromycin resistance gene erm(B) in Streptococcus suis serotype 2 strains isolated from slaughterhouse pigs in southern Vietnam.

The study identifies tetracycline resistance genes tet(M) and tet(W), and erythromycin resistance gene erm(B) in Lactobacillus paracasei strains isolated from Italian dairy and meat products.

The study identified multiple AMR genes in a multidrug-resistant E. coli strain, including blaNDM-1, blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M-15, and others, along with chromosomal mutations in gyrA, parC, ompC, and ompF contributing to resistance.

The study identified the presence of tetracycline resistance gene tet (M), erythromycin resistance gene ermB, sulfonamide resistance gene sul2, and beta-lactam resistance gene bla TEM in the gut microbiota of infants, indicating that antibiotic resistance genes are present in the human gut microbiota from an early age.

This paper characterizes several beta-lactamases, including TEM-1, SHV-1, CTX-M-15, and NDM-1, which confer resistance to various beta-lactam antibiotics. It also identifies erm(B) and mef(A) as mechanisms of macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B resistance. Additionally, aadA1 and aac(6')-Ib are noted for aminoglycoside resistance, while catA1 and floR contribute to chloramphenicol resistance. The vanA gene is associated with glycopeptide resistance, and mcr-1 is linked to polymyxin resistance.

The study identifies the prevalence of macrolide resistance genes mef(A) and erm(B) in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, highlighting shifts in resistance mechanisms over time.

The study identified genic differences in the blp bacteriocin locus and erythromycin resistance genes among PMEN1 strains, contributing to variations in virulence and antibiotic resistance.

The study identified mef A, erm B, and erm TR as the primary genes responsible for erythromycin resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from Mexico and the USA. The M phenotype was linked to mef A, while the cMLS and iMLS phenotypes were associated with erm B and erm TR, respectively.

The study identified high levels of erythromycin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from Asian countries, primarily mediated by the erm(B) and mef(A) genes. It also noted a significant increase in the prevalence of serotype 19A, which was associated with multidrug resistance.

Macrolide resistance in S. pneumoniae in Lebanon is mainly through target site modification (erm(B)) but is also mediated through efflux pumps (mef), with serotype 19F having dual resistance and being the most prevalent and invasive.

The study identifies mef (E) and erm (B) genes as the primary drivers of macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Arizona, with dual-positive isolates being multidrug-resistant and predominantly belonging to clonal complex CC271.

The study identified mefA/E and ermB as the primary mechanisms of azithromycin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae and estimated their relative fitness costs.

The paper discusses the mechanisms of resistance to β-lactams, glycopeptides, and fluoroquinolones, highlighting the role of β-lactamases such as TEM, SHV, CTX-M, KPC, VIM, and NDM, glycopeptide resistance operons like vanA and vanB, and other resistance genes such as ermB, mecA, qnrA, and aac(6')-Ib.

The study developed a multiplex PCR method to detect seven DNA targets in Group B Streptococcus (GBS), including the macrolide resistance genes ermB and mefA/E.

The paper discusses various virulence factors and mechanisms contributing to the pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii, including biofilm formation, surface polysaccharides, and outer membrane proteins.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in staphylococcal isolates, including mecA for methicillin resistance, aac(6')/aph(2"), aph(3')-IIIa, and ant(4')-Ia for gentamicin resistance, ermA, ermB, ermC, and msrA for erythromycin resistance, tetK and tetM for tetracycline resistance, and blaZ for penicillin resistance.

The study identified the ermB gene as a significant contributor to clindamycin resistance in tcdA-negative variant Clostridium difficile strains.

The study identifies a novel mobile genetic element, 15K, carrying multiple antibiotic resistance genes including tet(O/W/32/O), erm(B), aadE, aphA, and tet(40), which can be transferred between major streptococcal pathogens.

The study identified the pbp5-R allele, which confers ampicillin resistance in Enterococcus faecium strain TX16. This resistance determinant was found in most HA-clade isolates but not in CA-clade isolates.

The study identifies several antibiotic resistance genes in S. pseudintermedius ED99, including bla operon, aad6-sat4-aphA-3, ermB, and tetM, which confer resistance to beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramins, and tetracyclines.

The study identified and characterized the presence of erm(A) and erm(B) genes in Streptococcus pseudoporcinus and Streptococcus porcinus, respectively, which confer resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin.

The study characterizes ICE Sp1116, a genetic element responsible for erm(B)-mediated inducible resistance to erythromycin in Streptococcus pyogenes.

The study identified the ermB and tetM genes as the primary factors contributing to erythromycin and tetracycline resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from pediatric patients in Beijing. Additionally, the mec gene was found to be associated with erythromycin resistance.

The study identified erm(B), mef(E), and mef(A) as the primary macrolide resistance determinants in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from Central Greece. erm(B) conferred high-level resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramin B, while mef(E) and mef(A) were associated with efflux-mediated resistance.

The study identified tetracycline resistance genes tet(M) and tet(O), the erythromycin resistance gene erm(B), and the streptomycin resistance gene aadA in Streptococcus canis isolates, highlighting the presence of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in this species.

The study identified the presence of erm(B), mef(A), and tet(M) genes in Enterococcus faecium isolates from hospital and retirement home effluents, contributing to macrolide and tetracycline resistance.

The study identified erythromycin resistance in 12.2% of group C and G streptococci isolates in Chennai, India, with erm(B) being the most common genotype among clinical isolates and mef(A) prevalent among carriers.

The study identified the presence of mefA and ermB genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, which confer resistance to macrolides. These genes were found to be prevalent among certain serotypes, particularly 19F and 23F.

The study identified macrolide resistance genes erm(B) and mef(E) in Streptococcus pneumoniae and amino acid substitutions in the ftsI gene of Haemophilus influenzae contributing to ampicillin resistance.

The study identified mecA, ermC, and ermB genes associated with methicillin and erythromycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from pig tonsils and cow's milk in China.

The study identified tet(M) and erm(B) as key resistance genes in C. difficile PCR-ribotype 078 isolates, along with gyrA mutations contributing to fluoroquinolone resistance.

The study found that erythromycin resistance in Staphylococcus spp. was primarily mediated by the erm(C) gene, which was detected in isolates from beef cattle. The use of macrolides in cattle led to an increase in erythromycin-resistant enterococci, mainly Enterococcus hirae.

The study identified ermB and mefA genes as the primary mechanisms of macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from Shenzhen, China.

The study identified erythromycin resistance genes mef(A/E) and erm(B) in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, with the former being associated with the M phenotype. Penicillin non-susceptibility was linked to specific serotypes such as 14 and 23F.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in soil and on vegetables, including genes conferring resistance to tetracycline, aminoglycosides, erythromycin, sulfamethoxazole, and beta-lactams. The presence of these genes was influenced by manure fertilization, with certain genes more frequently detected in manured soils.

The study identifies mef and erm(B) genes as the primary mechanisms of macrolide resistance in invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from Alaska, with mef being the most prevalent.

The study identified specific emm types associated with macrolide resistance and susceptibility in Group A streptococcal isolates, including the presence of erm(A), erm(B), and mef(A) resistance genes.

The study identifies a novel pseudo-staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec element (ψSCCmec57395) in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius CC45, along with various AMR genes such as mecA, blaZ, aac(6')-Ie–aph(2')-Ia, aph(3')-III, ant(6)-Ia, sat4, erm(B), tet(M), dfr(G), and cat pC221. Additionally, fluoroquinolone resistance was linked to specific mutations in gyrA and grlA.

The study identified the presence of mef E and erm B genes in serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, which contribute to macrolide resistance. The mef E gene was detected in 62% of erythromycin-resistant isolates, while the erm B gene was found in all CC320 isolates.

The study identifies the erm(B) gene within the novel transposon Tn6215, which confers erythromycin resistance in Clostridium difficile through phage-mediated transduction.

The study identified resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin in Streptococcus agalactiae isolates, primarily mediated by the ermA, ermB, and mefA/E genes.

Solithromycin showed potent activity against erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus agalactiae, with MIC 50 and MIC 90 values of 0.03 μg/ml and 0.125 μg/ml, respectively. The study identified erm(B) and mef(A/E) as the primary resistance mechanisms.

The study identified the prevalence of inducible clindamycin resistance in staphylococcal isolates, with erm(C) being the most prevalent gene among S. aureus isolates.

The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes in the microbiomes of healthy humans, including erm(B), bla TEM, sul2, acrRAB, and folP, which confer resistance to macrolides, beta-lactams, sulphonamides, and other antibiotics.

The study identifies Shigella isolates with decreased susceptibility to azithromycin, primarily due to the presence of mphA and ermB macrolide resistance genes.

The study identified five extensively drug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates carrying the erm(B) gene, which confers resistance to macrolides such as erythromycin and clarithromycin.

The study evaluated the Curetis Unyvero assay for rapid detection of bacteria and antibiotic resistance markers in patients with severe nosocomial pneumonia. It identified several AMR genes, including ermB, bla OXA-51-like, sul1, int1, mecA, and bla CTX-M, which conferred resistance to various antibiotics.

The study identified ermB as a gene conferring resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin in Streptococcus agalactiae isolates from neonates in Poland.

The study identified the presence of tet(M) and erm(B) genes in lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from pharmaceutical and dairy products, indicating tetracycline and erythromycin resistance, respectively.

The study identifies the emergence of multidrug-resistant Campylobacter isolates carrying the horizontally acquired rRNA methylase gene erm(B), which confers high-level resistance to macrolides, lincosamides, and streptogramin B.

The study identified the vanA gene as the primary determinant of vancomycin and teicoplanin resistance in Enterococcus faecium outbreaks. Additional resistance genes such as erm(B), tet(M), aac(6')-Ie-aph(2'')-Ia, aph(3')-IIIa, and aad6 were also characterized, contributing to multidrug resistance.

The study identified ermB and mefA as the primary erythromycin resistance genes in group A β-haemolytic Streptococci in Chengdu, with ermB being the most prevalent.

The study identified mutations in gyrA and gyrB genes associated with ciprofloxacin resistance, and the presence of tetM and ermB genes conferring resistance to tetracycline and clindamycin, respectively, in Clostridium difficile isolates.

The study identifies the emergence of a multidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 8-ST63 clone in Spain, characterized by the presence of ermB and tetM genes, and mutations in parC and gyrA that confer resistance to fluoroquinolones.

The study identified various AMR genes in ExPEC E. coli strains, including beta-lactamases (blaCTX-M, blaSHV, blaTEM), quinolone resistance genes (qnrS1), aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (aac(6')-Ib, aadA), tetracycline resistance genes (tet(A)), macrolide resistance genes (mph(A), erm(B), mef(A)), and others. These genes were associated with resistance to multiple antibiotics.

The study identifies tetM, ermB, and mefE as genes responsible for tetracycline and macrolide resistance in nonencapsulated Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates, highlighting the antibiotic resistance profile of the classic lineage ST344 and ST448.

The paper discusses multidrug efflux pumps from various bacterial food pathogens including Enterobacteriaceae, Vibrio cholerae, and Staphylococcus aureus, highlighting their role in multidrug resistance.

The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes in Enterococcus faecalis isolated from retail chicken products in Japan, including aac(6')-Ie-aph(2")-Ia, aph(3')-IIIa, ant(6)-Ia, tet(L), tet(M), tet(O), and erm(B). These genes were associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as kanamycin, gentamicin, streptomycin, dihydrostreptomycin, oxytetracycline, and erythromycin.

The study identified ermB as a macrolide resistance gene in Streptococcus agalactiae isolates, with high resistance rates to erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and clindamycin. The ermB gene was found in 72.7% of erythromycin-resistant isolates.