The study identified various antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in indoor and outdoor aerosols, with beta-lactamases being the most dominant. Key genes included IMP-2-group, Per-2-group, OXA-54, QnrS, and OXA-55, which confer resistance to carbapenems, penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and other beta-lactam antibiotics.