Browse AMR Genes
Explore antimicrobial resistance genes from the literature
Explore antimicrobial resistance genes from the literature
major facilitator superfamily (MFS) antibiotic efflux pump
Overview
| Allele | Database | Papers | Drug Classes | Organisms | Countries | Years | Sequence Accession | Protein Accession |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mef(B) | Card DatabaseResFinder Database | 2 | AZITHROMYCIN, ERYTHROMYCIN | Escherichia coli | - | 2009 | FJ196385.1 | ACJ63262.1 |
| Mef(B) | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder DatabaseReslit | 12 | ERYTHROMYCIN, AZITHROMYCIN +3 | Escherichia coli +6 | China, Guangdong Province, China, Bangladesh, Europe, Malaysia, Thailand, Sub-Saharan Africa|Middle East & North Africa|South Asia|Europe | 2009, 2021, 2022, 2024, 2025 | FJ196385.1 | ACJ63262.1 |
| mefB | Reslit | 4 | erythromycin, macrolides | Escherichia coli +2 | Northern Thailand, North America|Asia|Europe|Australia|South America, Vietnam, China | 2019, 2021, 2025 | NCBI Short Read Archive|NCBI Assembly | - |
| mef B | Reslit | 1 | macrolides | Escherichia coli | Southeast Nigeria | 2022 | PRJEB43719 | - |
| mef (B) | Reslit | 1 | macrolides | Escherichia coli | Italy | 2022 | ERS12773674|ERS12773675|ERS12773676|ERS12773677|ERS12773678|ERS12773679|ERS12773680|ERS12773681|ERS12773682|ERS12773683|ERS12773684|ERS12773685|ERS12773686|ERS12773687|ERS12773688|ERS12773689|ERS12773690|ERS12773691|ERS12773692|ERS12773693|ERS12773694|ERS12773695|ERS12773696|ERS12773697|ERS12773698|ERS12841964|ERS12841965|ERS12841966|ERS12841967|ERS12841968|ERS12841969|ERS12841970|ERS12841971|ERS12841972|ERS12841973|ERS12841974|ERS12413439|Ers12413440|CP023897|CP024806|KX523903|MG570092|KX894452|CP026476|MG228426|NZ_CP040399.1 | - |
Characterization of a novel macrolide efflux gene, mef(B), found linked to sul3 in porcine Escherichia coli.
Characterization of a novel macrolide efflux gene, mef(B), found linked to sul3 in porcine Escherichia coli.
Characterization of a novel macrolide efflux gene, mef(B), found linked to sul3 in porcine Escherichia coli.
Characterization of a novel macrolide efflux gene, mef(B), found linked to sul3 in porcine Escherichia coli.
Multilocus sequence typing and bla (ESBL) characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from healthy humans and swine in Northern Thailand.
The study identified bla CTX-M, bla TEM, and bla SHV as the primary ESBL genes in ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from healthy humans and swine in Northern Thailand. Additionally, several other AMR genes such as sul1, sul2, sul3, aadA22, aph(3')-Ia, strA, strB, aadA2, aadA5, qnrS1, tetA, tetB, tetD, arr2, and mefB were characterized.
Genomic diversity and molecular epidemiology of Pasteurella multocida.
This study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes in Pasteurella multocida, including aminoglycoside, beta-lactam, tetracycline, macrolide, and sulfonamide resistance genes, highlighting the diverse resistance mechanisms present in this pathogen.
Genetic Features of Plasmid- and Chromosome-Mediated mcr-1 in Escherichia coli Isolates From Animal Organs With Lesions.
The study characterizes the mcr-1 gene and various other resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolates from animal organs with lesions, highlighting their multidrug resistance profiles and the genetic features of plasmids carrying these genes.
Genomic Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Serovars Derby and Rissen From the Pig Value Chain in Vietnam.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella serovars Derby and Rissen from Vietnam, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains along the pig value chain.
Molecular characterization of extended spectrum cephalosporin resistant Escherichia coli isolated from livestock and in-contact humans in Southeast Nigeria.
The study identified four variants of bla CTX-M (CTX-M-15, CTX-M-55, CTX-M-64, and CTX-M-65) in extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli from livestock and in-contact humans in Southeast Nigeria. Other AMR genes such as bla TEM-1b, aac 3-IId, qnr S1, and sul 2 were also characterized.
Tigecycline-resistant Escherichia coli ST761 carrying tet(X4) in a pig farm, China.
The study identifies tet(X4) as a major cause of tigecycline resistance in E. coli ST761 isolates from a pig farm in China. The gene is located on a hybrid plasmid and is part of a multidrug resistance region that includes other resistance genes such as blaTEM-1, tet(A), tet(M), floR, qnrS1, sul3, dfrA5, and mef(B).
Commensal bacteria contribute to the growth of multidrug-resistant Avibacterium paragallinarum in chickens.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes in multidrug-resistant Avibacterium paragallinarum, including tetB, bla CTX-M-14, bla OXA-1, bla ROB-1, mef(B), ant, aac, and aph, which confer resistance to tetracycline, ampicillin, erythromycin, tylosin, and gentamicin.
The hazard of carbapenemase (OXA-181)-producing Escherichia coli spreading in pig and veal calf holdings in Italy in the genomics era: Risk of spill over and spill back between humans and animals.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes, including bla OXA-181, bla TEM-1B, aac (3)-IId, aad A2, cml A1, dfr A12, mef (B), sul 3, tet (A), tet (M), incX3, incX1, incFII, qnr S1, aph (3″)-Ib, aph (6)-Id, flo R, lnu (F), sul 2, sul 3, tet (B), mph (A), mph (G), qnr B4, rmt B, and fos A3, in OXA-181-producing E. coli isolates from pigs and bovines in Italy. These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics, including carbapenems, cephalosporins, penicillins, aminoglycosides, trimethoprim, macrolides, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, and fosfomycin.
Prevalence and genomic-based antimicrobial resistance analysis of Avibacterium paragallinarum isolates in Guangdong Province, China.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Avibacterium paragallinarum isolates from Guangdong, China, including tet(B), aph(3')-Ia, aph(3'')-Ib, aph(6)-Id, aad-A, sul2, sul3, catP, floR, blaOXA-1, blaCTX-M-14, erm(X), mef(B), and fosA3. These genes were associated with resistance to tetracycline, streptomycin, kanamycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, erythromycin, and fosfomycin.
Tracking antimicrobial resistance transmission in urban and rural communities in Bangladesh: a One Health study of genomic diversity of ESBL-producing and carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli.
The study identified various beta-lactamase genes, including bla CTX-M-15, bla TEM-1b, bla OXA-1, and carbapenem resistance genes like bla NDM-5, bla NDM-7, and bla NDM-1, in ESBL-producing and carbapenem-resistant E. coli isolates from Bangladesh.
Azithromycin resistance in Escherichia coli and Salmonella from food-producing animals and meat in Europe.
The study identified several macrolide resistance genes, including mph(A), mph(B), mef(B), erm(B), mef(C)-mph(G), erm(C), erm(42), ere(A), and msr(E)-mph(E), associated with azithromycin resistance in E. coli and Salmonella from food-producing animals and meat in Europe. The study also highlighted the importance of the mph(A) operon structure and its regulatory region in determining azithromycin resistance.
Investigation on the mechanisms of carbapenem resistance among the non-carbapenemase-producing carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.
The study identified non-carbapenemase β-lactamase genes and chromosomal mutations, including missense mutation or loss of ompK36 porin and frameshift missense mutation in efflux pump systems, as potential mechanisms of carbapenem resistance in NC-CRKP.
Unveiling the Genetic Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Salmonella Population From 2016 to 2020 in Thai Canal Water.
The study identified 50 acquired resistance genes and seven chromosomal-mediated gene mutations in Salmonella populations from Thai canal water, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains and the diversity of resistance mechanisms.
Emerging threat of antimicrobial resistance determinants and plasmid replicon types acquisition by Escherichia coli of poultry and other food-producing animal origin in China: local findings with global implications.
The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Escherichia coli from poultry and other food-producing animals in China, highlighting the prevalence of beta-lactamases, tetracycline resistance genes, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, quinolone resistance genes, and sulfonamide resistance genes.
Geographics and bacterial networks differently shape the acquired and latent global sewage resistomes.
The study identifies several AMR genes, including aph(6)-id_2, mef(c), mef(b), mph(e), mph(g), msr(d), lnu(b), lnu(d), aadA, ant(6)-Ia, blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV, blaOXA, qnrS1, mcr-1, and vanA, which are associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as aminoglycosides, macrolides, lincosamides, beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, polymyxins, and glycopeptides.
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