The study identifies two mechanisms by which Pseudomonas aeruginosa becomes resistant to the efflux pump inhibitor D13-9001: mutations in the target protein MexB and upregulation of the MexMN efflux pump. The MexMN pump was shown to efflux β-lactams and is not susceptible to inhibition by D13-9001.

The study identifies various antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) associated with multidrug resistance, including macrolide, beta-lactam, tetracycline, and methicillin resistance genes, highlighting the presence of these genes in postmortem microbiome samples.

The study identifies multiple factors contributing to carbapenem resistance in P. aeruginosa JNQH-PA57, including the presence of two chromosomal beta-lactamase genes (blaPDC-12 and blaOXA-488), overexpression of the MexAB-OprM and MexXY-OprM efflux pumps, and a deleted mutation in the mucA gene leading to a mucoid phenotype.

The study identified that titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TDN) significantly downregulate the expression of efflux pump genes (MexY, MexB, MexA, oprM) and quorum-sensing regulated genes (lasI, lasR, rhlI, rhlR, pqsA, pqsR) in MDR P. aeruginosa isolates, suggesting potential as efflux pump inhibitors and anti-quorum sensing agents.

The study identifies mexB overexpression and mexR mutation as contributing to antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa BES, highlighting the role of efflux pump regulation in resistance mechanisms.

The study shows that acidic pH increases antibiotic tolerance and resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, primarily through mutations in efflux pump genes (mexB, mexR) and other genes involved in biofilm formation and virulence.

B. holmesii developed resistance due to mutations in the 23S rRNA gene, while B. parapertussis resistance was attributed to upregulation of an efflux pump mechanism.

This review highlights the prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and emphasizes the potential risks of ARG dissemination through biofertilizers. Key findings include the identification of various ARGs such as bacA, fosB, ermD, bl2a, vanSA, cat, acrD, mexF, mexD, mexW, mexE, mexY, mexX, mexZ, mexR, mexA, mexB, mexC, mexD, mexE, and mexF, which confer resistance to multiple antibiotics.

The study characterizes various antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) using a novel functional metagenomics approach called DEEPMINE, which enables the identification of ARGs in multiple bacterial hosts, revealing species-specific resistance profiles and expanding the understanding of antibiotic resistance mechanisms.

The study identified blaNDM-1, mcr-1, and MexB genes in multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Nepal, highlighting the presence of carbapenem resistance, colistin resistance, and efflux pump-mediated resistance mechanisms.

The study identifies several genes and mutations associated with antimicrobial resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa populations from cystic fibrosis patients, including ampC, mexB, norM, gyrA, and mutations in mutS and mutL.

The study identified bla GES-2, bla OXA48-like, bla NDM, bla SPM, and bla VIM as the main carbapenemase genes in MDR P. aeruginosa isolates. Overexpression of mex efflux pumps, particularly mex C, was strongly associated with multidrug resistance.

The study identified ampC, oprD, mexA, and mexB as key genes involved in the resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ceftazidime and meropenem through proteomic analysis and qRT-PCR validation.

The study reveals that hypermutator strains of P. aeruginosa in CF lungs exhibit increased sensitivity to antimicrobials despite their genetic diversity. Key genes like ampC, mexB, mexY, and norM were found to influence resistance profiles, while mutations in mutS and mutL contributed to hypermutation and altered susceptibility.

The study identified a diverse array of antimicrobial resistance genes in drinking water stored in cisterns from two First Nations communities in Manitoba, Canada. Key findings include the presence of genes such as aac(3')-Ia, aac(6')-Iia, aac(6')-Iic, aph(3')-Ia, acrD, smeB, smeR, FEZ-1, rm3, SPG-1, OXA-21, OXA-119, OXA-205, dfrA14, dfrB6, acrB, acrF, adeF, ceoB, emrA, mexE, mexF, mexI, oprN, oqxB, BRP(MBL), vanSO, axyY, CRP, efrB, macB, mexB, mexC, mexD, mexK, mexQ, mexW, mexY, mtrA, muxB, muxC, oleB, oleC, ompB, oprM, smeD, smeE, golS, mdsB, PER-2, TEM-126, msbA, arnA, bacA, bcrA, MCR-5, rosA, rosB, rpoB2, ugd, mexN, taeA, efpA, rphA, rphB, otr(A), otrC, tetA(48 ), ompH, and triC, which confer resistance to various antibiotics including aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, cephalosporins, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, monobactams, nitroimidazoles, peptides, phenicols, pleuromutilins, rifamycins, tetracyclines, and triclosan.

The study identified 59 AMR genes in the multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa strain EMARA01, with a focus on resistance-nodulation-cell division (RND) efflux pumps. Key genes include nalC, nalD, MexR, MexA, MexB, CpxR, and OprM, which confer resistance to multiple antibiotic classes.

The study identifies and characterizes essential proteins in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, particularly RND efflux pumps, which are critical for antibiotic resistance. Computational methods and ensemble docking were used to find potential inhibitors like MK-3207, R-428, and Suramin, showing promise for drug repurposing.

The study identified multiple AMR genes in Arctic haemolytic bacteria, including genes encoding efflux pumps and ribosomal protection proteins, indicating the presence of resistance mechanisms against various antibiotics.

The study identified an increase in multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in Northwestern Transylvania, Romania, between 2022 and 2023. Key AMR genes included bla OXA-50, sul1, ermB, mexA, mexB, bla VIM-1, aac(6′)-II, ant(4′)-Ia, aac(3)-I, aac(6′)-Im, aph(2″)-Ib, tetA, tetC, tetK, qnrB, ermC, mphC, fosA, nfsA, nfsB, ampC, and TEM-1.

The study identified the presence of MexB efflux pump genes in multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, which contribute to resistance against carbapenems such as meropenem and imipenem.

The study characterizes various carbapenemase genes such as blaIMP-13, blaIMP-94, blaNDM-1, blaNDM-5, blaNDM-7, blaNDM-23, blaVIM-1, blaVIM-2, blaVIM-20, blaKPC-2, blaKPC-3, blaGES-1, blaGES-5, blaGES-7, blaGES-20, blaPER-1, blaVEB-1, blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-9, blaSHV-12, blaFOX-4, blaCMY-2, blaDHA-1, blaOXA-2, blaOXA-10, blaOXA-14, blaOXA-15, and blaOXA-48 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa using MALDI-TOF MS hydrolysis assays.

The study identified several genes and mutations associated with resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) and meropenem (MEM) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, including dacB, ftsI, oprD, mexB, mexR, and ampC. Mutations in these genes were linked to resistance mechanisms, and CRISPR-Cas9 experiments confirmed the role of certain mutations in altering resistance levels.

The study evaluated the diagnostic performance of PISTE™ technology, an NGS-based workflow for detecting bloodstream pathogens and predicting antimicrobial resistance. It showed high accuracy in identifying pathogens and predicting resistance genes, including beta-lactamases, carbapenemases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, tetracycline efflux pumps, and quinolone resistance proteins.

The study identifies minimal gene signatures for high-accuracy prediction of antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, highlighting the role of efflux pumps, metabolic adaptations, and porin alterations in resistance mechanisms.