Browse AMR Genes
Explore antimicrobial resistance genes from the literature
Explore antimicrobial resistance genes from the literature
quinolone resistance pentapeptide repeat protein QnrS12
Overview
| Protein Change | Nucleotide Change | Mechanism | Organism | Resistance To | Database | Validation Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H121R | - | - | Shigella spp | ciprofloxacin | Reslit | Candidate |
| Allele | Database | Papers | Drug Classes | Organisms | Countries | Years | Sequence Accession | Protein Accession |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| QnrS12 | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder Database | 3 | QUINOLONE, CIPROFLOXACIN | Escherichia coli | - | - | MKQI01000097.1 | OIZ71829.1 |
| QnrS13 | Reference Gene CatalogReslit | 12 | QUINOLONE, ciprofloxacin +1 | Escherichia coli +5 | Taiwan|Germany|Netherlands|United Kingdom|United States, Bangladesh, Khon Kaen province, Thailand, Europe|Asia|South America|Africa|Germany|Vietnam|USA|Ecuador|China, Western Balkans|Hungary, Nigeria, Japan, Thailand, Vietnam | 2019, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 | LUYD01000008.1 | - |
| QnrS14 | Reference Gene CatalogReslit | 2 | QUINOLONE, quinolones | Enterobacter hormaechei +1 | Egypt | 2020 | BEEU01000086.1 | - |
| QnrS15 | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogReslit | 4 | QUINOLONE, fluoroquinolones | Escherichia coli | Europe|Tunisia, Nigeria | 2024, 2025 | MK303617.1 | AZP56652.1 |
| QnrS7 | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder Database | 3 | QUINOLONE, CIPROFLOXACIN | Escherichia coli | - | - | KF730651.1 | AHE41344.1 |
| QnrS8 | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder DatabaseReslit | 5 | QUINOLONE, CIPROFLOXACIN +2 | Klebsiella pneumoniae +1 | Asia|Europe|North America|South America|Africa|Taiwan|India|South Africa|China|Brazil, China | 2021, 2025 | KF730652.1 | AHE41345.1 |
| QnrS1 | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder DatabaseReslit | 463 | QUINOLONE, CIPROFLOXACIN +6 | Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Bovismorbificans +137 | France|Vietnam, United Kingdom, China, Spain, South Africa|Bangladesh, Korea, Poland|UK, Accra, Ghana, Global, Nigeria, Asia|Denmark|France, China|Japan|Europe|Denmark|Italy|Spain, Global|India|Spain, Egypt, Argentina, Netherlands, Switzerland, Europe, Belgium, Côte d'Ivoire|Ta¯ National Park, Ivory Coast, Nepal, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Iran, Brazil, Portugal, United States, Qazvin|Alborz|Tehran, Qazvin|Zanjan, United States|New York|Florida|Illinois|Gaza|Colombia|South America|Mediterranean region, Tunisia, Japan, Norway, North Carolina, Maanshan Anhui Province, China, Uruguay, South Korea, Germany, Singapore, Pakistan, Shanghai, China, UK|Latin America, Algeria, Europe|United States|China|Brazil|Australia|Spain|Germany|Iran|Switzerland|France|Portugal|Japan|Belgium|South Korea|Vietnam|Taiwan|India|Egypt|South Africa|Algeria, United States|Europe|China, Australia, Anhui Province, China, Bangladesh|Pakistan|Nepal, La Paz, Bolivia|La Paz River basin, South-Kivu Province, Democratic Republic of Congo, Berlin, Germany, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Pakistan|Denmark, Northern Thailand, Italy|Far East countries, Germany|global, Gaza Strip|Palestine, Czech Republic, Great Britain, China|USA|Italy|Israel, Europe|Italy, Denmark|Italy|USA|UK|Vietnam, Italy, China|Shenzhen, China, Jakarta, South Africa, Dominican Republic, Global|global|Turkey, Germany|Lower Saxony|North-Rhine-Westphalia, Bangladesh, Finland|Malaysia|Poland|Lithuania|United States|Canada|China|Japan|Norway|Brazil|Netherlands|Hong Kong|Germany|Switzerland|Portugal|Australia|UK|Vietnam|Spain|Dominican Republic|India|Thailand, Kenya, England, Tokyo, Japan|Japan, Ghana, Italy|Europe, Europe|Spain|Hungary|Germany|France|Belgium|Poland|United Kingdom|Denmark, Malaysia, Beijing, China|China, Europe|Poland, Europe|Belgium, Philippines, Malawi, Europe|United States|China, Europe|Denmark|France|Germany|United Kingdom, Germany|United States|Canada|Singapore|Japan|Kenya|Nepal, Europe|broiler production pyramid, Cambodia, Jiangsu, China|China, England|south-central England, North Carolina|USA, Qatar, Asia|Europe|North America|South America|Africa|Taiwan|India|South Africa|China|Brazil, Benin, Japan|France|United Kingdom|North America|South America|Europe|Asia/Oceania|Africa, India, central Adriatic Sea|Croatia|Croatian marine environment, Europe|Portugal, Australia|Melbourne, Australia, Europe|USA|Portugal|Germany|Australia|China|India|Pakistan|Sweden|Colorado, Denmark, Zhejiang Province, China, Cameroon|South Africa, Hong Kong, Basque Country, northern Spain|Basque Country, Abuja, Nigeria, northwest China, Romania, Khon Kaen province, Thailand, Al-Kharj, KSA, Beijing, China, Thailand, Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region|Gulf Cooperation Council region, Shandong Province, China, Yangzhou, China, Lebanon, Portugal|Antarctic|South Shetland Islands|North Adriatic Sea|Bohai Sea|Adriatic Sea|Pacific Ocean|Baltic Sea, Peru, United Kingdom|Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Belgium|The Netherlands|Europe, California, USA, Western Africa|Mali, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, China, United Kingdom|High-risk countries, Czech Republic|location A|location B|location C, Maryland|California|New York|Pennsylvania, Finland, Russia|Switzerland|Italy|USA|Norway|Spain|Ghana, Pakistan|Karachi, Pakistan, Kuwait, global|China, Shenzhen, China|China, Northern Italy, Southeast Asia|Vietnam|Europe|USA|Asia|Oceania, Oman, Brazilian Amazon Region, South Africa|Spain|Netherlands|Switzerland|India|China|Germany|Russia|USA|Australia|Other countries, Uganda, Central Adriatic|Central Adriatic Sea, Germany|Australia|Taiwan|USA|Canada|Denmark, Shandong Province, USA|Honduras|UK|Kenya, Peruvian Amazon, Quebec, Canada, Bangkok, Thailand, UK, Accra, Ghana|Ghana, Ethiopia, Fiji, Poland, United States|Pakistan|Bangladesh|Nigeria|Iraq|India, Asia|China, Various zoo locations, Europe|Russia, Bulgaria|Europe, Portugal|various regions, Rwanda, France|Germany|Netherlands|Norway|Spain|United Kingdom|Europe, Europe|Tunisia, Somali region, Ethiopia|Somali Region, Ethiopia, Türkiye, Alexandria, Egypt, Europe|Asia|South America|Africa|Germany|Vietnam|USA|Ecuador|China, Ecuador, Armenia, Europe|Asia|Africa, Hong Kong|mainland China|Australia|Canada|United States of America|South Africa|Taiwan|United Kingdom, Shihezi City, Xinjiang, China|China, Indonesia, Guizhou province, China|Guizhou, China, Jiangxi province, China|Jiangxi Province, Europe|China|Thailand, Guangzhou, China, Ibadan, Nigeria, Greater Accra Region, Ghana|Ghana, Shanghai|Minhang District, Southern China, United Arab Emirates, Western Balkans|Hungary, Costa Rica, Shandong Province|adjacent regions in China, Southern Taiwan, North America|Europe|Asia Pacific, Guangdong, China, United Arab Emirates|UK, Germany|Spain|UK|Vietnam, Tianjin|Southern Karnataka, Northern Nigeria|Nigeria, Mayurbhanj, Odisha, India|India, Jiangxi, China, Europe|Norway|Romania, Shenzhen, China, China|United Kingdom|Argentina|Europe|Americas|Asia|Africa|Australasia|Vietnam|Switzerland|Thailand|Mexico, Europe|China, East Africa|Tanzania|Uganda, China|Japan|Australia, Central China | 2005, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026 | DQ485529.1 | ABF47469.1 |
| QnrS3 | Card Database | 1 | - | Escherichia coli | - | - | EU077611.1 | ABU52984.1 |
| qnrS | Reslit | 285 | quinolones, fluoroquinolones +4 | Escherichia coli HB101 +110 | Japan, Taiwan, China, Finland|Thailand|Malaysia, United States|China|Japan|France|Germany|South Korea|Brazil|Colombia|Canada|Israel|Taiwan|Singapore|Australia|Egypt|Lebanon|Vietnam|Hong Kong, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, USA, Dhaka, Bangladesh, Kenya, Southeast Asia|Indian subcontinent|northern Africa|southern Africa|southern Europe|Central America|South America, Malaysia, India, Central African Republic, France|Europe, Romania, Middle East, Iran, Heilongjiang province, China, Vietnam, Israel, Poland, Nigeria, Bangladesh, Brazil, Egypt, Alberta, Africa, Uganda, Xinjiang, China, Hamadan, West of Iran, Tehran, Iran, Spain, Saudi Arabia, Northwest China, Chicago|Southwest Chicago|Downtown Chicago, United States, Germany, Pakistan, Brazil|United States, Togo, Barcelona, Spain, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ghana, Heilongjiang Province, China, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria, Korea, Italy, Southern China, Madagascar|Cambodia|Senegal, Shanghai, China, Thailand, USA|Peru|Egypt|Cambodia|Kenya, UK, Shanxi Province, China, Kashmir valley, India, Delhi, India, South Africa, Baghdad, Delta State, Nigeria, South Korea, Guizhou, China, Northwestern Sicily, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, Greece, Europe, California|Europe|North America|Republic of Congo, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea, Southeastern Asia|South Asia|North Africa|Eastern Africa|Southern Asia|Northern Africa|Southeast Asia|global, Netherlands|Greece|Romania, Slovakia, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Upper Egypt|China, Philippines, Zhanjiang, China, Kanto Region, Japan, Europe|Greece, Blantyre, Malawi, Japan|France|United Kingdom|North America|South America|Europe|Asia/Oceania|Africa, Kiambu County, Kenya, Italy|Pavia, Northern Italy, Europe|USA|Portugal|Germany|Australia|China|India|Pakistan|Sweden|Colorado, Germany|UK, North Sea|Baltic Sea, Kingdom of Bahrain, South West Nigeria, global, Northern China, Central Panama, South-West Nigeria, Indiana Lake Michigan Watershed, Anhui, China, Tunisia, Czech Republic, South Africa|Poland|Czech Republic|Romania|China|United States|Spain|Germany|France|Canada|Japan|Brazil|India|Croatia|Hungary|Slovenia|Slovakia|Czechia|Austria|Puerto Rico|Switzerland|Nigeria|Norway|Finland|Denmark|Sweden|Italy|South Korea|USA|UK|Australia|New Zealand|Mexico|Russia|Turkey|Egypt|Kenya|Ethiopia|Uganda|Tanzania|Malawi|Zambia|Zimbabwe|Mozambique|Madagascar|Comoros|Mayotte|Réunion|Guadeloupe|Martinique|Saint Martin|Saint Barthélemy|French Guiana|Suriname|Guyana|Argentina|Chile|Peru|Bolivia|Paraguay|Uruguay|Colombia|Venezuela|Ecuador|Costa Rica|Panama|Nicaragua|Honduras|El Salvador|Guatemala|Belize|Alaska|Hawaii|Maine|Massachusetts|New York|California|Texas|Florida|Illinois|Pennsylvania|Ohio|Georgia|North Carolina|Michigan|Virginia|Washington|Arizona|Colorado|Connecticut|Delaware|District of Columbia|Idaho|Indiana|Iowa|Kansas|Kentucky|Louisiana|Maryland|Minnesota|Mississippi|Missouri|Montana|Nebraska|Nevada|New Hampshire|New Jersey|New Mexico|North Dakota|Oklahoma|Oregon|Rhode Island|South Carolina|South Dakota|Tennessee|Utah|Vermont|West Virginia|Wisconsin|Wyoming, Global|Guinea|Austria|Vietnam|China|Spain|Canada|Hong Kong|Malaysia|Germany|South Africa|Vancouver|Vienna, Shenzhen, Guangdong province, China, Sicily, Sichuan|Heilongjiang|Anhui|MY|LA|DQ, Southern Asia|Eastern Africa|South-eastern Asia|Western Africa|Americas|India|Bangladesh|Pakistan|Nepal|Kenya|Nigeria|South Africa|Chile|Mexico, Nepal, Australia|South Australia, Finland|Iceland|Spain, Jordan, South-Eastern Bangladesh|Bangladesh, Bangkok, Thailand, Guangdong, China, Bangladesh|Nepal|Malawi, Anhui province, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Iraq, Shenzhen, China, Bulgaria|Europe, Davao City, Philippines, Yulin, China, Europe|Tunisia, Europe|Africa|North America|South America|Asia|Oceania, Turkey, Abruzzo region, Italy, China|Anhui|Hainan|Sichuan, Indonesia|USA|China|Europe|Finland, Central Zone of Mexico|Mexico, Kuwait, Wuhan, Shandong, China, Bushehr, south of Iran, Central Inner Mongolia, China, Cameroon, Khartoum, Sudan|Sudan, Algeria|Benin|Denmark|Germany|Lebanon|Luxembourg|Nigeria|Poland|Slovakia|South Africa|Spain|USA|United Arab Emirates|United Kingdom|global, India|Delhi NCR | 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 | AB187515 | - |
| QnrS2 | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder DatabaseReslit | 57 | QUINOLONE, CIPROFLOXACIN +5 | Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Anatum +40 | Germany, Seine River (Paris, France), Spain, Singapore|Colombia|Guyana|Brazil|Manaos, South Korea, Global, China, Japan|Thailand|Canada|France|Spain|South Korea|United Kingdom|Croatia|Vietnam|global, India|Europe|North America, Singapore, USA|France|Germany, United States, Europe|Italy, Pakistan, Poland, Europe, China|Shenzhen, China, Italy, Mexico, Guadeloupe (French West Indies)|Guadeloupe, Portugal, Europe|broiler production pyramid, Jiangsu, China|China, Thailand, Asia|Europe|North America|South America|Africa|Taiwan|India|South Africa|China|Brazil, Chile, Zhejiang, China|China, Vietnam, Shenzhen, Guangdong province, China, Brazil, Portugal|various regions, Guangzhou, China, Japan | 2006, 2008, 2009, 2012, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 | DQ485530.1 | ABF47470.1 |
| qnrS1 | ResFinder Database | 1 | CIPROFLOXACIN | Shigella flexneri | - | 2008 | AB187515 | - |
| qnrS2 | ResFinder Database | 1 | CIPROFLOXACIN | Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Anatum | - | 2008 | DQ485530 | - |
| QnrS4 | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder DatabaseReslit | 5 | QUINOLONE, CIPROFLOXACIN +1 | Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Stanley +2 | Global, Bangladesh | 2009, 2023 | FJ418153.1 | ACJ24509.1 |
| qnrS4 | ResFinder Database | 1 | CIPROFLOXACIN | Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Stanley | - | 2009 | FJ418153 | - |
| QnrS5 | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder DatabaseReslit | 4 | ciprofloxacin, QUINOLONE +1 | Aeromonas spp. +1 | South Korea | 2012 | HQ631375*|HQ631376*|HQ631377*|EU770274.1|AB473017.1|AY987746.1|AY987762.1|HQ259695.1|HQ259696.1|AB034761.1|X60404.2|FJ940801.1|FJ940849.1|AB472945.1|AB472971.1|HQ631377|HQ631375|HQ631376 | AEG74319.1 |
| QnrS6 | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder Database | 3 | QUINOLONE, CIPROFLOXACIN | Aeromonas hydrophila | - | 2012 | HQ631376.1 | AEG74318.1 |
| qnrS5 | ResFinder Database | 1 | CIPROFLOXACIN | Aeromonas sobria | - | 2012 | HQ631377 | - |
| qnrS6 | ResFinder Database | 1 | CIPROFLOXACIN | Aeromonas hydrophila | - | 2012 | HQ631376 | - |
| QnrS11 | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder Database | 3 | QUINOLONE, CIPROFLOXACIN | Escherichia coli | - | 2012 | JQ269335.1 | AFM45990.1 |
| qnrS11 | ResFinder Database | 1 | CIPROFLOXACIN | Escherichia coli | - | 2012 | JQ269335 | - |
| QnrS10 | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder DatabaseReslit | 4 | QUINOLONE, CIPROFLOXACIN +1 | Klebsiella pneumoniae +1 | Nigeria | 2013, 2025 | JN836269.1 | AEU11363.1 |
| qnrS10 | ResFinder Database | 1 | CIPROFLOXACIN | Klebsiella pneumoniae | - | 2013 | JN836269 | - |
| QnrS9 | Card DatabaseReference Gene CatalogResFinder Database | 3 | QUINOLONE, CIPROFLOXACIN | Klebsiella pneumoniae | - | 2014 | KF732714.1 | AHF20043.1 |
| qnrS9 | ResFinder Database | 1 | CIPROFLOXACIN | Klebsiella pneumoniae | - | 2014 | KF732714 | - |
| qnr S1 | Reslit | 11 | fluoroquinolones, norfloxacin +1 | Escherichia coli +6 | Middle East, India, Europe, Vietnam, Edo state, Nigeria, Southeast Nigeria, Italy, Ireland, Portugal|various regions, Spain | 2014, 2019, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025 | MDDI00000000|MDDH00000000|MDGW00000000|MDJL00000000|MIIV00000000|MINP00000000|MINQ00000000|MINR00000000|MINU00000000|MDJJ00000000|MECX00000000|MDJI00000000|MECW00000000|MIIX00000000|MIIY00000000|MINS00000000|MINT00000000|MDJK00000000|MECT00000000|MINV00000000|NGWI00000000|NGWH00000000|NGWG00000000|NGWF00000000|NGWE00000000|NGWD00000000|NGWC00000000|NGWB00000000|NGWA00000000|NGVZ00000000|NGVY00000000|NGVX00000000|NGVW00000000|NMYB00000000|NMYA00000000|NMXZ00000000|NMXY00000000|NMXX00000000|NMXW00000000|NMXV00000000|NMXU00000000|NMXT00000000|NMXS00000000|NMXR00000000|NMXQ00000000|NMXP00000000|NMXO00000000|PDYE00000000|PDYD00000000|PDYC00000000|PDYB00000000|PDYA00000000|PDXZ00000000|PDXY00000000|PDXX00000000|PDXW00000000|PDXV00000000|PDXU00000000|PDXT00000000|PDXS00000000 | - |
| qnr S | Reslit | 14 | ciprofloxacin, fluoroquinolones +2 | Escherichia coli +8 | India, Italy, Europe, Guangdong Province, Edo State, Nigeria, Bangladesh, North America, Iran, Upper Oconee Watershed, Athens, GA, USA|Upper Oconee Watershed, Georgia, USA, Egypt, Guangdong, China, India|Delhi NCR | 2018, 2020, 2021, 2023, 2024, 2025 | OP514787|OP514788|OP514789|OP514790|OP514791|OP514792|OP514793|OP514794|OP514795|OP514796|OP514797|OP514798|OP514799|OP514800|OP514801 | - |
| qnrs | Reslit | 3 | fluoroquinolones, ciprofloxacin | Klebsiella pneumoniae +2 | Malawi, Southern China, Egypt | 2019, 2023 | CP022127|JN420336.1 | - |
| QnrS | Reslit | 9 | fluoroquinolones, ciprofloxacin +2 | Escherichia coli +7 | Tanzania|Thailand|human|swine, Maputo, Mozambique, Chitwan, Nepal, Netherlands|Greece|Romania, Pakistan, Nepal|Kathmandu, Nepal, Shaanxi Province, Kuwait | 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023 | PRJEB41042|ERP124768|PXD023736|PXD023739 | - |
| qnrS-1 | Reslit | 1 | ciprofloxacin | Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium | Yunnan Province | 2020 | - | - |
| qnr S2 | Reslit | 2 | quinolones, fluoroquinolones | Enterobacteriaceae +1 | United States|Virginia, Portugal|various regions | 2021, 2024 | SAMN37007325|SAMN37007368|SAMN42001311|PRJNA1006036 | - |
| qnr S4 | Reslit | 1 | ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin | Escherichia coli | Southeast Nigeria | 2022 | PRJEB43719 | - |
| qnr-S | Reslit | 1 | quinolones | Escherichia coli | Anhui Province | 2022 | - | - |
| qnrS7 | ResFinder Database | 1 | CIPROFLOXACIN | Escherichia coli | - | - | KF730651 | - |
| qnrS8 | ResFinder Database | 1 | CIPROFLOXACIN | Klebsiella pneumoniae | - | - | KF730652 | - |
| qnrS12 | ResFinder Database | 1 | CIPROFLOXACIN | Escherichia coli | - | - | MKQI01000097 | - |
| qnrS13 | ResFinder Database | 1 | CIPROFLOXACIN | Escherichia coli | - | - | LUYD01000008 | - |
Cloning of a Novel Gene for Quinolone Resistance from a Transferable Plasmid in Shigella flexneri 2b.
A novel quinolone resistance gene, qnrS, was cloned from a transferable plasmid in Shigella flexneri 2b. The gene shows 59% amino acid identity with Qnr and confers low-level quinolone resistance when expressed in E. coli HB101.
Cloning of a novel gene for quinolone resistance from a transferable plasmid in Shigella flexneri 2b.
Cloning of a novel gene for quinolone resistance from a transferable plasmid in Shigella flexneri 2b.
Cloning of a novel gene for quinolone resistance from a transferable plasmid in Shigella flexneri 2b.
Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in non-Typhi serotypes of Salmonella enterica.
Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in non-Typhi serotypes of Salmonella enterica.
Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in non-Typhi serotypes of Salmonella enterica.
Complete nucleotide sequence of pK245, a 98-kilobase plasmid conferring quinolone resistance and extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase activity in a clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate.
The study identifies the plasmid pK245 carrying the qnrS quinolone resistance gene and the blaSHV-2 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase gene, along with other resistance genes such as aacC2, strA, strB, catA2, sul2, tetD, and dfrA14, which confer resistance to multiple antimicrobial classes in Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Mobilizable IncQ-related plasmid carrying a new quinolone resistance gene, qnrS2, isolated from the bacterial community of a wastewater treatment plant.
The study identifies a new quinolone resistance gene, qnrS2, carried on a mobilizable IncQ-related plasmid pGNB2 isolated from a wastewater treatment plant. This gene confers resistance to various quinolones including nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, ofloxacin, and sparfloxacin.
Novel Ambler class A beta-lactamase LAP-1 and its association with the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant QnrS1.
The study identifies a novel Ambler class A beta-lactamase, LAP-1, and its association with the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant QnrS1. LAP-1 confers resistance to beta-lactams, while QnrS1 confers resistance to quinolones.
Prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QnrA, QnrB, and QnrS among clinical isolates of Enterobacter cloacae in a Taiwanese hospital.
The study identified the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS among clinical isolates of Enterobacter cloacae in a Taiwanese hospital, highlighting the significant role of these genes in quinolone resistance.
Zoo animals as reservoirs of gram-negative bacteria harboring integrons and antimicrobial resistance genes.
The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes in gram-negative bacteria isolated from zoo animals, including bla TEM-1, bla OXY-2, bla SHV-36, bla CTX-M-2, bla CMY-26, qnrB, qnrS, and aac(6')-Ib-cr.
Unexpected occurrence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants in environmental Aeromonas spp.
The study identifies the qnrS2 gene in environmental Aeromonas spp., which confers plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance. The gene was found on IncU-type plasmids and increased MICs of quinolones and fluoroquinolones when transferred to E. coli.
Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica, United Kingdom.
The study identifies qnrS1, qnrB5, and qnrB2 as plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in Salmonella enterica isolates in the United Kingdom, contributing to reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid.
qnr Gene nomenclature.
qnr Gene nomenclature.
Presence of qnr gene in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae resistant to ciprofloxacin isolated from pediatric patients in China.
The study identified the presence of qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS genes in ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates from pediatric patients in China, demonstrating plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance.
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr, aac(6′)-Ib-cr, and qepA among ceftiofur-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from companion and food-producing animals.
The study identified the high prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr, aac(6′)-Ib-cr, and qepA among ceftiofur-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from companion and food-producing animals in China.
Detection of qnr genes in Salmonella isolated from humans in Denmark.
Detection of qnr genes in Salmonella isolated from humans in Denmark.
Detection of qnr genes in Salmonella isolated from humans in Denmark.
Detection of qnr genes in Salmonella isolated from humans in Denmark.
Detection of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in clinical isolates of Enterobacter spp. in Spain.
The study identified plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnrS1, qnrB5, qnrB2, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and a qnrB7-like gene in clinical isolates of Enterobacter spp. in Spain.
Two chromosomally located qnrB variants, qnrB6 and the new qnrB16, in Citrobacter spp. isolates causing bacteraemia.
The study identified two chromosomally located qnrB variants, qnrB6 and qnrB16, in Citrobacter spp. isolates causing bacteraemia. These variants contribute to quinolone resistance.
Detection of plasmid-mediated IMP-1 metallo-β-lactamase and quinolone resistance determinants in an ertapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae isolate.
The study identified the plasmid-mediated IMP-1 metallo-β-lactamase and quinolone resistance determinant qnrS1 in an ertapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae isolate. Additionally, mutations in the gyrA and parC genes were found to contribute to quinolone resistance.
Mechanisms of resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica strains exhibiting a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype.
The study identifies qnrA and qnrS genes as the primary plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants in nonclassical quinolone-resistant Salmonella enterica strains, which confer reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin without mutations in topoisomerase genes.
Impact of low-level resistance to fluoroquinolones due to qnrA1 and qnrS1 genes or a gyrA mutation on ciprofloxacin bactericidal activity in a murine model of Escherichia coli urinary tract infection.
The study identified that low-level resistance to fluoroquinolones mediated by qnrA1, qnrS1, or a gyrA mutation reduces the bactericidal activity of ciprofloxacin in a murine model of urinary tract infection.
Efflux-mediated drug resistance in bacteria: an update.
The paper provides an updated overview of drug efflux pumps in bacteria, focusing on their structure, mechanisms, and roles in multidrug resistance. It highlights the importance of RND, MFS, MATE, SMR, and ABC transporters in efflux-mediated resistance.
Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance: a multifaceted threat.
The paper discusses plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) mechanisms, focusing on qnr genes and other resistance determinants like aac(6')-Ib-cr, oqxAB, and qepA. These genes confer low-level resistance to quinolones, facilitating the selection of higher-level resistant mutants.
High prevalence of multidrug-tolerant bacteria and associated antimicrobial resistance genes isolated from ornamental fish and their carriage water.
The study identified a high prevalence of multidrug-tolerant bacteria and various antimicrobial resistance genes in ornamental fish and their carriage water, highlighting the potential risk of resistance gene spread through the aquatic environment.
Fluoroquinolone-resistant typhoid, South Africa.
The study identifies a fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi isolate carrying a gyrA mutation (Ser83Tyr) and the qnrS1 gene, contributing to ciprofloxacin resistance.
Molecular characteristics of extended spectrum beta-lactamases in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae and the prevalence of qnr in Extended spectrum beta-lactamase isolates in a tertiary care hospital in Korea.
The study identified CTX-M15 as the most prevalent ESBL in E. coli and K. pneumoniae, along with CTX-M14 in E. coli and CTX-M15 and SHV-12 in K. pneumoniae. High prevalence of qnrB4 and qnrS1 was found in ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae.
Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli Bacteria, Including Strains with Genes Encoding the Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase and QnrS, in Waterbirds on the Baltic Sea Coast of Poland.
The study identified several extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes, including bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-9, bla CTX-M-15, and bla SHV-12, as well as the quinolone resistance gene qnrS in antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from waterbirds on the Baltic Sea coast of Poland.
Quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli from Accra, Ghana.
The study identifies quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli from Accra, Ghana, through mutations in gyrA and parC, as well as horizontally acquired genes qnrS1, qnrB1, qnrB2, and qepA.
Prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance and its association with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and AmpC beta-lactamase in Enterobacteriaceae.
The study identified qnrA1, qnrB4, and qnrS1 as plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in Enterobacteriaceae, with qnrB4 being the most prevalent subtype. These genes were associated with increased resistance to quinolones and often co-existed with extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and AmpC beta-lactamases.
First description of the qnrS-like (qnrS5) gene and analysis of quinolone resistance-determining regions in motile Aeromonas spp. from diseased fish and water.
The study identified a novel qnrS-like gene, qnrS5, which confers resistance to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin in Aeromonas spp. Additionally, chromosomal mutations in gyrase and topoisomerase IV genes were found to contribute to quinolone resistance.
First description of the qnrS-like (qnrS5) gene and analysis of quinolone resistance-determining regions in motile Aeromonas spp. from diseased fish and water.
The study identified a novel qnrS-like gene, qnrS5, which confers resistance to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin in Aeromonas spp. Additionally, chromosomal mutations in gyrase and topoisomerase IV genes were found to contribute to quinolone resistance.
First description of the qnrS-like (qnrS5) gene and analysis of quinolone resistance-determining regions in motile Aeromonas spp. from diseased fish and water.
First description of the qnrS-like (qnrS5) gene and analysis of quinolone resistance-determining regions in motile Aeromonas spp. from diseased fish and water.
First description of the qnrS-like (qnrS5) gene and analysis of quinolone resistance-determining regions in motile Aeromonas spp. from diseased fish and water.
First description of the qnrS-like (qnrS5) gene and analysis of quinolone resistance-determining regions in motile Aeromonas spp. from diseased fish and water.
First description of the qnrS-like (qnrS5) gene and analysis of quinolone resistance-determining regions in motile Aeromonas spp. from diseased fish and water.
First description of the qnrS-like (qnrS5) gene and analysis of quinolone resistance-determining regions in motile Aeromonas spp. from diseased fish and water.
First description of the qnrS-like (qnrS5) gene and analysis of quinolone resistance-determining regions in motile Aeromonas spp. from diseased fish and water.
First description of the qnrS-like (qnrS5) gene and analysis of quinolone resistance-determining regions in motile Aeromonas spp. from diseased fish and water.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria: Mechanisms and Current Challenges
This paper characterizes several beta-lactamases, including TEM-1, SHV-1, CTX-M-15, and NDM-1, which confer resistance to various beta-lactam antibiotics. It also identifies erm(B) and mef(A) as mechanisms of macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B resistance. Additionally, aadA1 and aac(6')-Ib are noted for aminoglycoside resistance, while catA1 and floR contribute to chloramphenicol resistance. The vanA gene is associated with glycopeptide resistance, and mcr-1 is linked to polymyxin resistance.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria: Mechanisms and Current Challenges
This paper characterizes several beta-lactamases, including TEM-1, SHV-1, CTX-M-15, and NDM-1, which confer resistance to various beta-lactam antibiotics. It also identifies erm(B) and mef(A) as mechanisms of macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B resistance. Additionally, aadA1 and aac(6')-Ib are noted for aminoglycoside resistance, while catA1 and floR contribute to chloramphenicol resistance. The vanA gene is associated with glycopeptide resistance, and mcr-1 is linked to polymyxin resistance.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria: Mechanisms and Current Challenges
This paper characterizes several beta-lactamases, including TEM-1, SHV-1, CTX-M-15, and NDM-1, which confer resistance to various beta-lactam antibiotics. It also identifies erm(B) and mef(A) as mechanisms of macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B resistance. Additionally, aadA1 and aac(6')-Ib are noted for aminoglycoside resistance, while catA1 and floR contribute to chloramphenicol resistance. The vanA gene is associated with glycopeptide resistance, and mcr-1 is linked to polymyxin resistance.
Rapid evolution of fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli in Nigeria is temporally associated with fluoroquinolone use.
The study identifies qnrS1 as a horizontally-acquired quinolone resistance gene and mutations in gyrA and parC as key mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli in Nigeria.
Characterization of isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Stanley, a serovar endemic to Asia and associated with travel.
The study identified the bla CMY-2 gene as a major contributor to extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Stanley isolates, along with the qnrS1 gene associated with plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance.
Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance; Interactions between Human, Animal, and Environmental Ecologies.
The paper discusses plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) mechanisms, including Qnr proteins, the aminoglycoside acetyltransferase AAC(6′)-Ib-cr, and the efflux pumps QepA and OqxAB. These genes contribute to low-level resistance to quinolones and fluoroquinolones, and their presence in various bacterial species highlights the role of environmental and animal reservoirs in the dissemination of PMQR.
Expansion of the IncX plasmid family for improved identification and typing of novel plasmids in drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae.
Expansion of the IncX plasmid family for improved identification and typing of novel plasmids in drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae.
Expansion of the IncX plasmid family for improved identification and typing of novel plasmids in drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae.
Expansion of the IncX plasmid family for improved identification and typing of novel plasmids in drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae.
The Acinetobacter baumannii Oxymoron: Commensal Hospital Dweller Turned Pan-Drug-Resistant Menace.
The paper discusses various virulence factors and mechanisms contributing to the pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii, including biofilm formation, surface polysaccharides, and outer membrane proteins.
High prevalence of qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes in both water-borne environmental bacteria and clinical isolates of Citrobacter freundii in China.
The study identified the high prevalence of qnrB, qnrS1, qnrS2, and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes in both water-borne environmental bacteria and clinical isolates of Citrobacter freundii in China. These genes confer resistance to quinolones and aminoglycosides.
High prevalence of qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes in both water-borne environmental bacteria and clinical isolates of Citrobacter freundii in China.
The study identified the high prevalence of qnrB, qnrS1, qnrS2, and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes in both water-borne environmental bacteria and clinical isolates of Citrobacter freundii in China. These genes confer resistance to quinolones and aminoglycosides.
The co-selection of fluoroquinolone resistance genes in the gut flora of Vietnamese children.
The study identifies the co-selection of qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS genes in the gut flora of Vietnamese children following antimicrobial therapy, highlighting the role of non-fluoroquinolone antimicrobials in increasing the prevalence and copy number of these plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes.
First characterisation of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance-qnrS1 co-expressed blaCTX-M-15 and blaDHA-1 genes in clinical strain of Morganella morganii recovered from a Tunisian Intensive Care Unit.
Plasmid mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qep in ESBL-producing Escherichia coli clinical isolates from Egypt.
The study identifies the presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnrA1, qnrB1, qnrS1, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA4 in ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from Egypt, highlighting their association with CTX-M genes.
Chromosomal and plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance mechanisms among broad-spectrum-cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates recovered from companion animals in the USA.
The study identified plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS, and qepA, along with novel mutations in topoisomerase genes gyrA, parC, and parE contributing to fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from companion animals.
Differential distribution of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in clinical enterobacteria with unusual phenotypes of quinolone susceptibility from Argentina.
The study identified and characterized plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes, including qnrB19, qnrB10, qnrS1, and aac(6')-Ib-cr, in clinical enterobacteria from Argentina. These genes were found to be differentially distributed among various enterobacterial species, with distinct epidemiological settings for community-acquired and hospital-acquired infections.
Antimicrobial resistance, virulence factors and genetic diversity of Escherichia coli isolates from household water supply in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
The study identified several AMR genes in E. coli isolates from household water in Dhaka, including bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-1-group, bla TEM, bla OXA-1-group, bla OXA-47, qnrS, qnrB, and bla CMY-2. These genes conferred resistance to multiple antibiotics, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant E. coli in the water supply.
[Emergence of novel variants of gyrA, parC, qnrS genes in multi-drug resistant Klebsiella caused pneumonia].
[Emergence of novel variants of gyrA, parC, qnrS genes in multi-drug resistant Klebsiella caused pneumonia].
[Emergence of novel variants of gyrA, parC, qnrS genes in multi-drug resistant Klebsiella caused pneumonia].
[Emergence of novel variants of gyrA, parC, qnrS genes in multi-drug resistant Klebsiella caused pneumonia].
Analysis for prevalence and physical linkages amongst integrons, ISEcp1, ISCR1, Tn21 and Tn7 encountered in Escherichia coli strains from hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients in Kenya during a 19-year period (1992-2011).
The study identifies several AMR genes including aadA1, aadA2, aadA5, dfrA1, dfrA12, dfrA7, dfrA16, qnrA, qnrB, and aac(6')-lb-cr in E. coli strains from Kenya, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains and the role of integrons and mobile genetic elements in resistance dissemination.
Fluoroquinolone resistance mechanisms in an Escherichia coli isolate, HUE1, without quinolone resistance-determining region mutations.
The study identifies oqxAB and qnrS1 as key contributors to fluoroquinolone resistance in E. coli isolate HUE1, along with mutations in acrR and marR that lead to overexpression of efflux pumps.
Risk factors and clinical characteristics of patients with qnr-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteraemia.
The study identified qnrB and qnrS genes as contributors to quinolone resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, highlighting their association with prior antimicrobial exposure, particularly cephalosporins.
Characteristics of cefotaxime-resistant Escherichia coli from wild birds in the Netherlands.
The study identified various extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes, including bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-3, bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-32, and bla CMY-2, as well as plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes such as aac(6')-lb-cr, qnrB1, and qnrS1, in cefotaxime-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from wild birds in the Netherlands.
The use of platensimycin and platencin to fight antibiotic resistance.
The paper discusses the rise of antibiotic resistance and highlights the potential of platensimycin and platencin as promising agents against multidrug-resistant bacteria.
Enterobacteriaceae resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and quinolones in fresh culinary herbs imported from Southeast Asia.
Enterobacteriaceae resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and quinolones in fresh culinary herbs imported from Southeast Asia.
Enterobacteriaceae resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and quinolones in fresh culinary herbs imported from Southeast Asia.
Enterobacteriaceae resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and quinolones in fresh culinary herbs imported from Southeast Asia.
High rates of antimicrobial drug resistance gene acquisition after international travel, The Netherlands.
The study found high rates of acquisition of the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase encoding gene bla CTX-M and quinolone resistance encoding genes qnrB and qnrS after international travel, particularly to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia.
QnrS1 structure-activity relationships.
The study characterizes the role of QnrS1 loop B in conferring ciprofloxacin resistance and protecting DNA gyrase from quinolone inhibition. Specific amino acid substitutions in loop B were shown to affect resistance levels and gyrase protection.
Quinolone resistance mechanisms among extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli isolated from rivers and lakes in Switzerland.
The study identified chromosomal mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE, as well as plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes aac(6')-Ib-cr and qnrS1, contributing to quinolone resistance in ESBL-producing E. coli from Swiss water bodies.
IncA/C plasmid-mediated spread of CMY-2 in multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli from food animals in China.
The study identifies the spread of CMY-2, CMY-41, and CMY-64 beta-lactamase genes in multidrug-resistant E. coli from food animals in China, highlighting the role of IncA/C plasmids in their transfer and the coexistence of other resistance genes such as qnrS1, floR, aac-(6′)-Ib-cr, oqxA, and rmtB.
Molecular analysis of ciprofloxacin resistance mechanisms in Malaysian ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates and development of mismatch amplification mutation assays (MAMA) for rapid detection of gyrA and parC mutations.
The study identified aac(6')-Ib-cr and qnrB as major plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes contributing to ciprofloxacin resistance in Malaysian ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. Multiple mutations in gyrA and parC were also found to be associated with increased ciprofloxacin resistance.
The characterization and antibiotic resistance profiles of clinical Escherichia coli O25b-B2-ST131 isolates in Kuwait.
The study identified bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-2, bla CTX-M-56, qnr B1, qnr S1, bla CMY-2, and aac(6')-Ib-cr as significant AMR genes in E. coli O25b-B2-ST131 isolates in Kuwait. These genes contribute to resistance against various antibiotics including cephalosporins, penicillins, beta-lactamase inhibitors, fluoroquinolones, and aminoglycosides.
Dissemination of the transmissible quinolone-resistance gene qnrS1 by IncX plasmids in Nigeria.
The study identifies the qnrS1 gene on an IncX2 plasmid (pEBG1) as a major contributor to quinolone resistance in E. coli isolates from Nigeria, demonstrating its ability to confer ciprofloxacin resistance.
Plasmid-mediated resistance to cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones in various Escherichia coli sequence types isolated from rooks wintering in Europe.
The study identified several plasmid-mediated resistance genes, including bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-24, bla TEM-52, bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-55, bla SHV-12, bla CTX-M-8, bla CTX-M-25, bla CTX-M-28, bla CMY-2, qnrS1, qnrB19, and aac(6′)-Ib-cr, in Escherichia coli isolates from rooks in Europe.
Trends in serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility in Salmonella enterica isolates from humans in Belgium, 2009 to 2013.
The study identifies plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) alleles qnrS1, qnrD1, and qnrB, as well as beta-lactamase genes blaSHV-12, blaTEM-52, blaCTX-M-14, and blaCTX-M-15 in Salmonella enterica isolates from Belgium. It also reports chromosomal mutations in gyrA and parC contributing to fluoroquinolone resistance.
Low rates of antimicrobial-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in wildlife in Taï National Park, Côte d'Ivoire, surrounded by villages with high prevalence of multiresistant ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in people and domestic animals.
The study identified ESBL-producing E. coli isolates carrying bla CTX-M-15 and PMQR genes such as qnrS1, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qnrB in human and domestic animal samples from villages, but no ESBL or PMQR genes were found in wildlife from Taï National Park.
Shotgun metagenomics reveals a wide array of antibiotic resistance genes and mobile elements in a polluted lake in India.
The study identified a diverse array of antibiotic resistance genes in a polluted lake in India, including sul2, qnrD, aph(6)-Id, aph(3′)-Ib, CMY2, qnrS, ant(3′)-Ia, dfrB1/dfrB5/dfrB6/dfrB8, GES, ere(A)/ere(C), qnrC, mph(E), dfrA1/dfrA15/dfrA25/dfrA30, erm(F), ant(2′)-Ia, cmlA, and tet(39). These genes conferred resistance to various classes of antibiotics, highlighting the significant presence of resistance mechanisms in the polluted environment.
Antimicrobial Resistance Mechanisms in Salmonella and Other Bacteria
The paper discusses multidrug efflux pumps from various bacterial food pathogens including Enterobacteriaceae, Vibrio cholerae, and Staphylococcus aureus, highlighting their role in multidrug resistance.
Dissemination of IncF-type plasmids in multiresistant CTX-M-15-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates from surgical-site infections in Bangui, Central African Republic.
The study identifies the dissemination of IncF-type plasmids carrying the blaCTX-M-15, aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrB, and qnrS genes among multiresistant CTX-M-15-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates from surgical-site infections in Bangui, Central African Republic.
Clinical epidemiology and molecular analysis of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in Nepal: characteristics of sequence types 131 and 648.
The study identified bla CTX-M-15, aac (3)-IIa, aadA1, aadA2, aadA5, qnrB4, qnrS1, aac (6')-Ib-cr, bla OXA-1, bla TEM-1B, bla SHV-12, bla CMY-42, bla DHA-1, mphA, ermB, catA1, catB3, sul1, sul2, dfrA12, dfrA17, dfrA1, dfrA5, tetA, tetB, and tetD as key AMR genes in ESBL-producing E. coli isolates in Nepal, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug resistance.
Enterobacter aerogenes and Enterobacter cloacae; versatile bacterial pathogens confronting antibiotic treatment.
The paper discusses the various mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Enterobacter aerogenes and Enterobacter cloacae, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, efflux pumps, and porin mutations. It highlights the role of specific genes such as bla TEM-24, bla CMY-10, ampC, aac (6')-Ib, aac (6')-Ib-cr, qnrA, qnrS, oqxAB, acrAB-TolC, mcr, bla OXA-1, bla OXA-30, bla CTX-M-15, bla NDM-1, bla VIM, bla KPC, and bla OXA-48 in conferring resistance to various antibiotics.
Insight into the mobilome of Aeromonas strains.
The study characterizes various antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) in Aeromonas strains, highlighting the presence of beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, tetracycline resistance genes, and others. These genes are often located on plasmids and contribute to multidrug resistance.
First description of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants and β-lactamase encoding genes in non-typhoidal Salmonella isolated from humans, one companion animal and food in Romania.
The study identified plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes such as qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA, along with beta-lactamase-encoding genes like blaTEM, blaPSE-1, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M in non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from humans, a companion animal, and food in Romania.
The emergence of plasmid mediated quinolone resistance qnrA2 in extended spectrum β-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in the Middle East.
The study identifies the emergence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene qnrA2 in ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae in Kuwait, along with the dissemination of qnrB1 and qnrS genes, contributing to increased fluoroquinolone resistance.
Genetic characterization of three qnrS1-harbouring multidrug-resistance plasmids and qnrS1-containing transposons circulating in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
The study characterizes three qnrS1-harbouring multidrug-resistance plasmids and identifies qnrS1-containing transposons circulating in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. It reveals that qnrS1 is part of a transposon structure that includes additional resistance genes such as blaLAP-2, aacC3, sulII, tetR, tetA, and blaCTX-M-14.
Housefly Larva Vermicomposting Efficiently Attenuates Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Swine Manure, with Concomitant Bacterial Population Changes.
The study found that housefly larva vermicomposting significantly reduces the abundance of tetracycline resistance genes (tet(M), tet(O), tet(Q), tet(W)) and increases the abundance of sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2) in swine manure. It also observed changes in the bacterial community structure, with a significant decrease in the diversity and richness of bacteria.
Dissemination of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases and Quinolone Resistance Genes Among Clinical Isolates of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli in Children.
The study identified the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes (bla-CTX-M, bla-SHV, bla-TEM) and quinolone resistance genes (qnrB, qnrS) in uropathogenic E. coli isolates from children with urinary tract infections. bla-CTX-M was the most prevalent ESBL gene, while qnrB and qnrS were the most commonly detected quinolone resistance genes.
Increasing prevalence of ciprofloxacin-resistant food-borne Salmonella strains harboring multiple PMQR elements but not target gene mutations.
The study identified multiple PMQR genes, including aac(6')-Ib-cr, oqxAB, and qnrS, as major contributors to ciprofloxacin resistance in Salmonella strains, along with beta-lactamase genes like bla CTX-M-65, bla CTX-M-55, bla CMY-2, and bla CMY-72. Target gene mutations in gyrA and parC were also observed, although many strains lacked these mutations.
Prevalence and characteristics of extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes in Escherichia coli isolated from piglets with post-weaning diarrhea in Heilongjiang province, China.
The study identified various extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes, including bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-55, bla CTX-M-65, and bla TEM-52, along with plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes such as oqxAB, qnrS, qnrB, qepA, and aac(6')-Ib-cr in Escherichia coli isolates from piglets with post-weaning diarrhea in Heilongjiang province, China.
Clinical implications of reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones in paediatric Shigella sonnei and Shigella flexneri infections.
The study identifies the qnrS gene and gyrA mutations (S83L and A87T) as contributors to fluoroquinolone resistance in Shigella sonnei and Shigella flexneri. These genetic elements were experimentally validated to increase MICs and allow efficient replication in high concentrations of ciprofloxacin.
Genomic and Functional Characterization of qnr-Encoding Plasmids from Municipal Wastewater Biosolid Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates.
The study identified two types of plasmids harboring qnr genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from municipal wastewater biosolids. One plasmid, pKPSH-11XL, was a large multidrug-resistant IncF plasmid containing qnrB, beta-lactamase genes, tetracycline resistance genes, aminoglycoside resistance genes, and chloramphenicol resistance genes. Another group of smaller plasmids contained qnrS and other resistance genes.
Emergence of plasmid-mediated quinolone-resistant determinants in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from Tehran and Qazvin provinces, Iran.
The study identified qnrB1, qnrB4, and qnrS1 genes as plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants in K. pneumoniae isolates from Iran.
Prevalence of plasmid-mediated multidrug resistance determinants in fluoroquinolone-resistant bacteria isolated from sewage and surface water.
The study identified several plasmid-mediated resistance genes in fluoroquinolone-resistant bacteria, including aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS, qnrD, oqx A, blaTEM, blaOXA, blaCTX-M, blaSHV, tet(A), tet(K), tet(L), and tet(S). These genes were found to confer resistance to fluoroquinolones, beta-lactams, and tetracyclines.
Outbreak of plasmid-mediated NDM-1-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST105 among neonatal patients in Yunnan, China.
The study identifies blaNDM-1, blaIMP-4, blaCTX-M-15, blaSHV-1, qnrS1, qnrB4, and aacA4 as the primary resistance genes in NDM-1-producing K. pneumoniae ST105 isolates during an outbreak in a neonatal ICU in China.
Frequency, Antimicrobial Resistance and Genetic Diversity of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Food Samples.
The study identified various AMR genes and mutations in K. pneumoniae isolates from food samples, including beta-lactamases (blaSHV, blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-10), folate pathway inhibitor gene (dhfr), quinolone resistance genes (qnrB, qnrA, qnrS, aac(6')-Ib-cr), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aacA4, aacC2, aadA1), and mutations in gyrA and parC genes associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Characterization of Antibiotic Resistance Profiles of Ocular Enterobacteriaceae Isolates.
The study identified ESBL genes (blaCTX-M, blaOXA, blaSHV, blaTEM), QNR genes (qnrA, qnrB, qnrS), and gyra mutations (Ser83Leu) in ocular Enterobacteriaceae isolates, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug resistance.
Co-spread of metal and antibiotic resistance within ST3-IncHI2 plasmids from E. coli isolates of food-producing animals.
The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes, including oqxAB, bla CTX-M, aac(6')-Ib-cr, floR, qnrS1, rmtB, fosA3, pcoA, and silE, on ST3-IncHI2 plasmids from E. coli isolates of food-producing animals, highlighting the co-spreading of metal and antibiotic resistance.
High incidence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes among ciprofloxacin-resistant clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae at a tertiary care hospital in Puducherry, India.
The study found a high prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes, including aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrB, and qnrS, among ciprofloxacin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates in a tertiary care hospital in India.
Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology of Multidrug-Resistant P. aeruginosa Carrying aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS1 and blaSPM Genes in Brazil.
The study identified the presence of aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS1, and blaSPM genes in multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates in Brazil, along with mutations in gyrA and parC contributing to fluoroquinolone resistance.
QnrS1- and Aac(6')-Ib-cr-Producing Escherichia coli among Isolates from Animals of Different Sources: Susceptibility and Genomic Characterization.
The study identified qnrS1 and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes in Escherichia coli isolates from various animal sources, which confer resistance to fluoroquinolones.
SSTAR, a Stand-Alone Easy-To-Use Antimicrobial Resistance Gene Predictor.
The study presents SSTAR, a software tool for identifying antimicrobial resistance (AR) genes from whole-genome sequencing data. It detects known AR genes and potential new variants, including truncated forms. The tool was applied to analyze resistance genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae ST437 and Escherichia coli ST44, revealing various beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside resistance genes, and porin mutations contributing to resistance.
Molecular characterization and analysis of high-level multidrug-resistance of Shigella flexneri serotype 4s strains from China.
The study identified multiple AMR genes, including blaTEM-1, blaOXA-1, blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-79, qnrS, and aac(6')-Ib-cr, contributing to multidrug resistance in Shigella flexneri serotype 4s strains.
Whole-Genome Sequencing for Detecting Antimicrobial Resistance in Nontyphoidal Salmonella.
The study identified 65 unique resistance genes in nontyphoidal Salmonella, including bla CTX-M1 and bla SHV2a, which were first reported in retail meat isolates in the United States. The research highlights the effectiveness of whole-genome sequencing in detecting antimicrobial resistance genes and correlating them with phenotypic resistance.
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants in Enterobacter cloacae isolated from hospitals of the Qazvin, Alborz, and Tehran provinces, Iran.
The study identified the high prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants, specifically qnrB1, qnrS1, and qnrB4, in Enterobacter cloacae isolates from hospitals in Iran.
High Prevalence of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance and IncQ Plasmids Carrying qnrS2 Gene in Bacteria from Rivers near Hospitals and Aquaculture in China.
The study identified qnrS2, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qnrB2 as the predominant plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in bacteria from rivers near hospitals and aquaculture in China. These genes were found to be associated with multidrug resistance and were prevalent in Enterobacteriaceae and Aeromonadaceae.
Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance in Klebsiella spp. Isolates from Companion Animals in Japan: Clonal Dissemination of Multidrug-Resistant Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae.
The study identified multiple extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes, including blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-55, and blaSHV-2, as well as the AmpC β-lactamase gene blaDHA-1, in multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from companion animals in Japan. Additionally, plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes such as qnrS, qnrB, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and oqxAB were detected, contributing to resistance against fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides.
Molecular Surveillance Identifies Multiple Transmissions of Typhoid in West Africa.
The study identified multiple S. Typhi genotypes in Nigeria, with a focus on antimicrobial resistance genes and plasmids. Key resistance genes included blaTEM-1, catA1, tetB, dfrA15, sul1, sul2, strAB, aad, and qnrS, primarily associated with the IncHI1 plasmid. Quinolone resistance was linked to gyrA mutations S83Y and S83F.
Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone-Resistance (qnr) Genes in Clinical Isolates of Escherichia coli Collected from Several Hospitals of Qazvin and Zanjan Provinces, Iran.
The study identified the qnrS1 gene as a plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene in 2.9% of quinolone-nonsusceptible E. coli isolates from Qazvin and Zanjan Provinces, Iran.
High Prevalence of β-lactamase and Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Genes in Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Escherichia coli from Dogs in Shaanxi, China.
The study identified a high prevalence of β-lactamase and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli from dogs in Shaanxi, China. Key genes included bla CTX-M-15, bla TEM-1, bla SHV-12, and aac(6')-Ib-cr, along with other β-lactamase and PMQR genes.
Comprehensive Genome Analysis of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacter spp.: New Insights into Phylogeny, Population Structure, and Resistance Mechanisms.
The study identifies multiple carbapenemase genes (bla KPC-2, bla KPC-3, bla KPC-4, and bla NDM-1) and other resistance genes (such as qnrB19, qnrB2, qnrS1, bla TEM-1A, bla TEM-1B, bla OXA-9, bla SHV-12, aadA2, aac(6')-Ib, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3')-Ic, strA, strB, sul1, sul2, dfrA14, dfrA18, mph(A), catB3, arr-3, and tet(D)) in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter spp. These genes are primarily located on plasmids and contribute to multidrug resistance.
High Prevalence of Gut Microbiota Colonization with Broad-Spectrum Cephalosporin Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in a Tunisian Intensive Care Unit.
The study identified various AMR genes including bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-27, bla CMY-2, bla OXA-48, bla NDM-1, qnrB1, qnrS1, and qnrA6 in CTX-R Enterobacteriaceae isolates from ICU patients in Tunisia.
Whole-Genome Analysis of Antimicrobial-Resistant and Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli in River Water.
The study identified numerous antimicrobial resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolates from river water, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant and extraintestinal pathogenic strains. Key resistance genes included blaTEM-1, aac(3)-IId, qnrB7, and others.
Contribution of target alteration, protection and efflux pump in achieving high ciprofloxacin resistance in Enterobacteriaceae.
The study identifies qnrS as a gene contributing to ciprofloxacin resistance in Enterobacteriaceae, along with mutations in gyrA and regulatory genes acrR and marR that enhance resistance through efflux pump activation and target modification.
Determination of antibiotic resistance genes in relation to phylogenetic background in Escherichia coli isolates from fecal samples of healthy pet cats in Kerman city.
The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in E. coli isolates from healthy pet cats, including tetB, tetA, aadA, sulI, qnrS, and dhfrV, with varying prevalence rates. These genes were associated with resistance to tetracycline, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, fluoroquinolones, and trimethoprim.
Marine Bivalve Mollusks As Possible Indicators of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli and Other Species of the Enterobacteriaceae Family.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in E. coli isolates from marine bivalves, including bla TEM-1, bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-15, and various aminoglycoside, trimethoprim, sulfonamide, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, quinolone, and macrolide resistance genes. These findings highlight the potential risk of MDR Enterobacteriaceae in marine environments.
Characteristics of Quinolone Resistance in Salmonella spp. Isolates from the Food Chain in Brazil.
The study identified qnrB, qnrS, qnrD, and aac(6')-Ib genes as contributors to quinolone resistance in Salmonella spp. isolates from Brazil, highlighting the role of plasmid-mediated resistance mechanisms.
Unique Features of Aeromonas Plasmid pAC3 and Expression of the Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Genes.
The study identifies the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes aac(6')-Ib-cr and qnrS2 in Aeromonas sp. strain C3. These genes were shown to confer resistance to fluoroquinolones when expressed in E. coli.
Antimicrobial resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae stool isolates circulating in Kenya.
The study identified 46 AMR genes or gene families in 90 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from Kenya, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug resistance and the diversity of resistance mechanisms.
Genomic Analysis of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli from North Carolina Community Hospitals: Ongoing Circulation of CTX-M-Producing ST131-H30Rx and ST131-H30R1 Strains.
The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates from North Carolina community hospitals, including bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-14, aac(6′)-Ib-cr, qnrS1, and mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE that confer resistance to various antibiotics.
Multidrug Resistance Mechanisms of Carbapenem Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains Isolated in Chongqing, China.
The study identified the high prevalence of blaNDM-1 and blaKPC-2 genes in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, along with various quinolone and aminoglycoside resistance genes such as qnrB, aac(6')-Ib, rmtB, qnrS, and acc(6')-Ib-cr.
Extensively Drug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Causing Nosocomial Bloodstream Infections in China: Molecular Investigation of Antibiotic Resistance Determinants, Informing Therapy, and Clinical Outcomes.
The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in XDR K. pneumoniae isolates, including bla KPC−2, rmtB, aac(6′)-Ib, APH(3′)-Ia, AAC(3)-IV, qnrS, qnrB, aac(6′)-Ib-cr, bla CTX−M−14, bla CTX−M−65, bla SHV−11, bla TEM, bla CMY, bla DHA−1, gyrA, and parC, which contribute to resistance against various antibiotics.
Cellular Response to Ciprofloxacin in Low-Level Quinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli.
The study identifies qnrS1 as a gene conferring low-level quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli, highlighting its role in modulating the cellular response to ciprofloxacin.
Antimicrobial Resistance and Cytotoxicity of Citrobacter spp. in Maanshan Anhui Province, China.
The study identified the blaTEM-1 gene in two C. freundii isolates, qnrS1 in three Citrobacter isolates, and aac(6')-Ib-cr in three Citrobacter isolates. Additionally, a variant of qnrB77 was found in two C. freundii isolates.
Computational discovery and functional validation of novel fluoroquinolone resistance genes in public metagenomic data sets.
The study identifies 20 putatively novel qnr genes from metagenomic data, with six of them experimentally validated to confer resistance to ciprofloxacin when expressed in E. coli.
Zoonotic Potential and Antibiotic Resistance of Escherichia coli in Neonatal Calves in Uruguay.
The study identified qnrB2, qnrS1, and bla CTX-M-14 genes in E. coli isolates from neonatal calves in Uruguay, indicating the presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase resistance.
Molecular characterization of antimicrobial multi-drug resistance in non-typhoidal Salmonellae from chicken and clam in Mangalore, India.
Extensively Drug-Resistant Escherichia coli Sequence Type 1642 Carrying an IncX3 Plasmid Containing the blaKPC-2 Gene Associated with Transposon Tn4401a.
The study identifies several AMR genes in an extensively drug-resistant E. coli ST1642 isolate, including blaKPC-2, blaSHV-11, blaTEM-1, aadA5, strA, strB, aac(3)-IId, mph(A), sul1, sul2, tet(B), dfrA17, and qnrS1, which contribute to resistance against multiple antibiotics.
VIM-1 carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from retail seafood, Germany 2016.
The study identifies a VIM-1 carbapenemase-producing E. coli isolate from retail seafood in Germany, highlighting the presence of multiple resistance genes including blaVIM-1, aacA4, aadA1, aph(3')-XV, catB2, qnrS1, blaSHV-12, blaACC-1, strA-like, strB-like, dfrA14-like, mph(A), sul1, and sul2.
Increased expression of Qnr is sufficient to confer clinical resistance to ciprofloxacin in Escherichia coli.
The study demonstrates that increased expression of qnrB and qnrS genes in Escherichia coli can confer clinical resistance to ciprofloxacin, with qnrS achieving MICs above the EUCAST clinical breakpoint without significant fitness costs.
Characterization of Metagenomes in Urban Aquatic Compartments Reveals High Prevalence of Clinically Relevant Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Wastewaters.
The study reveals high prevalence of clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes in wastewater, particularly in hospital discharge samples, including bla KPC-2, bla OXA, bla NDM, qnrS1, qnrS2, and aph(3"). These genes are associated with resistance to carbapenems, beta-lactams, quinolones, and aminoglycosides.
Characterization of Metagenomes in Urban Aquatic Compartments Reveals High Prevalence of Clinically Relevant Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Wastewaters.
The study reveals high prevalence of clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes in wastewater, particularly in hospital discharge samples, including bla KPC-2, bla OXA, bla NDM, qnrS1, qnrS2, and aph(3"). These genes are associated with resistance to carbapenems, beta-lactams, quinolones, and aminoglycosides.
Different phenotypic and molecular mechanisms associated with multidrug resistance in Gram-negative clinical isolates from Egypt.
The study identified various AMR genes and mutations contributing to multidrug resistance in Gram-negative clinical isolates from Egypt, highlighting the role of efflux pumps and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance.
High Prevalence of CTX-M-15-Type ESBL-Producing E. coli from Migratory Avian Species in Pakistan.
The study identified a high prevalence of CTX-M-15-type ESBL-producing E. coli in migratory avian species in Pakistan, highlighting the role of wild birds as reservoirs of multidrug-resistant bacteria and the potential for horizontal gene transfer of resistance determinants.
Comparison of antimicrobial resistance genes in feedlots and urban wastewater.
The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes in feedlots and urban wastewater, highlighting the prevalence of sulfonamide, tetracycline, macrolide, fluoroquinolone, and β-lactam resistance genes in different environments.
Molecular epidemiology of fluoroquinolone resistant Salmonella in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Mutations in gyrA, gyrB, and parC genes were identified as the main mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance in Salmonella isolates from Africa.
Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance Genotypes in Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Isolates from Poultry Farms in Uganda.
The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes in non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from Ugandan poultry farms, including blaTEM-1, cmlA, qnrS, tetA, sul1, dhfrI, and dhfrVII, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, sulfonamide, and trimethoprim.
Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance in Shigella flexneri Isolated From Macaques.
The study identifies plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Shigella flexneri isolates from macaques, with the qnrS1 gene being responsible for this resistance.
Molecular epidemiology and drug resistant mechanism in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from pediatric patients in Shanghai, China.
The study identified various AMR genes in CR-KP isolates, including blaNDM-1, blaIMP, blaKPC-2, SHV, TEM, CTX-M, aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS1, qnrB4, oqxAB, and rmtB, which contribute to resistance against carbapenems, beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones.
Dominant serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance profile of Shigella spp. in Xinjiang, China.
The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in Shigella isolates from Xinjiang, China, including bla OXA-1, bla TEM-1, bla CTX-M, qnrB, qnrS, and QRDR mutations in gyrA and parC. These genes and mutations contribute to resistance against cephalosporins, quinolones, and other antibiotics.
Prediction of Phenotypic Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles From Whole Genome Sequences of Non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica.
The study identified various AMR genes and mutations in non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica, including blaTEM-1, strA-strB, sul2, tet(A), qnrS1, aadA2, aadA17, floR, cmlA1, aac(3)-Id, aac(3)-IIa, dfrA12, dfrA1, dfrA14, blaCTX-M-9, blaCTX-M-55, blaSHV-12, blaPSE-1/blaCARB-2, and blaCMY-2, along with mutations in gyrA and parC associated with ciprofloxacin resistance.
Detection of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae strains in Hamadan, West of Iran.
The study detected the presence of qnrB, qnrS, and aac(6′)-Ib-cr genes in fluoroquinolone-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates, highlighting their role in plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance.
The prevalence of quinolone resistance genes of A, B, S in Escherichia coli strains isolated from three major hospitals in Tehran, Iran.
The study identified the prevalence of quinolone resistance genes qnrB and qnrS in Escherichia coli strains isolated from patients with urinary tract infections in Tehran, Iran. The frequency of qnrB was 25% and qnrS was 36%.
Identification and Characterization of Conjugative Plasmids That Encode Ciprofloxacin Resistance in Salmonella.
The study identifies two types of conjugative plasmids encoding ciprofloxacin resistance in Salmonella, including IncFIB(K) plasmids carrying qnrB6-aac(6')-Ib-cr and IncH1/IncF plasmids carrying qnrS1.
Detection of Bacteriophage Particles Containing Antibiotic Resistance Genes in the Sputum of Cystic Fibrosis Patients.
The study detected antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in bacteriophage particles from the sputum of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, highlighting the role of phages in the dissemination of resistance mechanisms. β-lactamase genes, especially bla VIM and bla TEM, were the most prevalent and abundant, while mecA, qnrA, and qnrS were rare. Phage particles capable of infecting P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae were identified.
An outbreak of a rare Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli serotype (O117:H7) among men who have sex with men.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in STEC O117:H7 isolates, including the azithromycin resistance gene mphA, aadA1, aadA2, aadA5, blaTEM-1B, blaTEM-1C, dfrA1, dfrA12, dfrA14, dfrA, dfrA5, ermB, strA, strB, sul1, sul2, tet(A), tet(B), qnrs1, and a mutation in gyrA (S83L) associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Characterization of quinolone-resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains isolated from poultry in Western Algeria: First report of qnrS in an Enterobacter cloacae.
The study reports the first detection of the qnrS1 gene in Enterobacter cloacae isolates from poultry in Algeria, indicating the presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance.
Molecular characterization of fluoroquinolone and/or cephalosporin resistance in Shigella sonnei isolates from yaks.
The study identified fluoroquinolone and cephalosporin resistance mechanisms in Shigella sonnei isolates from yaks, including mutations in gyrA and parC, and the presence of aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS, qnrB, blaTEM-1, blaOXA-1, blaCTX-M-14, and blaCTX-M-79 genes.
Characterization of a novel multidrug resistance plasmid pSGB23 isolated from Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Saintpaul.
The study characterizes a novel multidrug resistance plasmid pSGB23 isolated from Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Saintpaul, carrying 11 antibiotic resistance genes responsible for resistance to 9 classes of antibiotics and quaternary ammonium compounds.
Seasonal Variations in Water-Quality, Antibiotic Residues, Resistant Bacteria and Antibiotic Resistance Genes of Escherichia coli Isolates from Water and Sediments of the Kshipra River in Central India.
The study identified the presence of antibiotic resistance genes such as bla CTX-M-1, qnr S, sul1, and sul2 in Escherichia coli isolates from the Kshipra River, showing seasonal variations in their occurrence and resistance profiles.
Genes and Proteins Involved in qnrS1 Induction
The study identifies the quinolone resistance gene qnrS1 and characterizes the regulatory elements and proteins involved in its induction by ciprofloxacin. It shows that qnrS1 expression is induced in an SOS-independent manner and involves the proteins DnaA, GyrA, IhfA, and IhfB.
A pan-genome-based machine learning approach for predicting antimicrobial resistance activities of the Escherichia coli strains.
The study identifies and characterizes several AMR genes in E. coli, including beta-lactamases (blaTEM-1, blaOXA-1, blaCMY-2, ampC), aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (aac(3')-Ia, aac(3')-VI), dihydrofolate reductases (dfrA1, dfrA5, dfrA12, dfrA15), quinolone resistance proteins (qnrB2, qnrB6, qnrS2), and others. These genes were validated through computational and wet lab methods, showing their roles in conferring resistance to various antibiotics.
First description of plasmid mediated quinolone resistance genes in salmonella isolates from Saudi hospitals.
The study reports the first detection of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnrB and qnrS in Salmonella isolates from Saudi hospitals, highlighting the emergence of fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella in the region.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli.
The paper discusses the characterization of various antimicrobial resistance genes in Escherichia coli, including extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), AmpC cephalosporinases, carbapenemases, plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, fosfomycin resistance genes, and tetracycline resistance genes. These genes confer resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics, highlighting the complex nature of antimicrobial resistance in E. coli.
Multidrug-resistant Citrobacter freundii ST139 co-producing NDM-1 and CMY-152 from China.
The study identifies a multidrug-resistant Citrobacter freundii strain co-producing NDM-1 and CMY-152, along with other resistance genes such as bla VEB-3, bla TEM-1, qnrS1, and others, highlighting the complex resistance mechanisms in this isolate.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Nontyphoidal Salmonella.
The study characterizes the presence of bla CMY genes and qnrS1 in Salmonella, which confer resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins and ciprofloxacin, respectively.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. Isolates From Healthy Pigs in Australia: Results of a Pilot National Survey.
The study identified E. coli isolates with ciprofloxacin resistance, including one isolate carrying the qnrS1 gene, indicating plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance. Low levels of non-susceptibility to critically important antimicrobials were observed in both E. coli and Salmonella spp. isolates from healthy Australian pigs.
Emergence of Ciprofloxacin Resistance in Natural Symbionts of the Medicinal Leech
The study identifies the qnrS2 gene as a key contributor to ciprofloxacin resistance in Aeromonas species, alongside mutations in gyrA (S83I) and parC (E84K, S80I).
Genetic Diversity, Multidrug Resistance, and Virulence of Citrobacter freundii From Diarrheal Patients and Healthy Individuals.
The study identified several AMR genes in Citrobacter freundii isolates, including bla TEM−1, bla CTX−M−9, aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS1, and various qnrB alleles such as qnrB9, qnrB13, qnrB16, qnrB17, qnrB76, qnrB77, and a newly discovered qnrB92. These genes were associated with resistance to multiple antibiotics, including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, and quinolones.
Multiple mechanisms contributing to ciprofloxacin resistance among Gram negative bacteria causing infections to cancer patients.
The study identifies multiple mechanisms contributing to ciprofloxacin resistance in Gram-negative bacteria causing infections in cancer patients, including target site mutations in gyrA and parC genes, plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes such as aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS, and qnrB, and efflux pump activity.
Molecular Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Multidrug Resistant Escherichia coli From Swine in Northwest China.
The study identified multiple β-lactamase genes, including bla CTX-M, bla TEM, bla SHV, bla OXA-48, and bla KPC-2, as well as PMQR genes such as qnrS and aac(6')-Ib-cr, in multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates from swine in Northwest China.
Isolation of Escherichia coli carrying the bla(CTX-M-1) and qnrS1 genes from reproductive organs of broiler breeders and internal contents of hatching eggs.
The study identified Escherichia coli isolates carrying the blaCTX-M-1 and qnrS1 genes, which confer resistance to various beta-lactam and quinolone antibiotics, respectively. These isolates were found in the reproductive organs of broiler breeders and internal contents of hatching eggs.
Detection of Plasmid-Mediated qnr Genes Among the Clinical Quinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains Isolated in Tehran, Iran.
The study identified a high frequency of qnrS genes among quinolone-resistant E. coli isolates from urinary tract infections in Tehran, Iran, highlighting the significance of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance.
Comparative genomics of five different resistance plasmids coexisting in a clinical multi-drug resistant Citrobacter freundii isolate.
The study identifies five resistance plasmids in a clinical Citrobacter freundii isolate, each carrying multiple AMR genes, including bla NDM-1, bla IMP-4, qnrS1, bla KPC-2, catB3, and mph (A), contributing to multidrug resistance.
Community Origins and Regional Differences Highlight Risk of Plasmid-mediated Fluoroquinolone Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Infections in Children.
The study identifies plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance (PMFQR) genes such as aac(6')-Ib-cr, oqxA, oqxB, qepA, and various qnr alleles in pediatric Enterobacteriaceae isolates, highlighting the role of community environments in the spread of these resistant strains.
A Fatal Bacteremia Caused by Hypermucousviscous KPC-2 Producing Extensively Drug-Resistant K64-ST11 Klebsiella pneumoniae in Brazil.
The study reports a fatal case of bacteremia caused by a hypermucoviscous KPC-2 producing extensively drug-resistant K64-ST11 Klebsiella pneumoniae. The isolate harbored multiple AMR genes including blaKPC-2, blaSHV-11, qnrS1, oqxA, oqxB, sul1, sul2, dfrA1, tetA, tetD, and fosA, contributing to its extensive drug resistance.
Interplay Between the Phenotype and Genotype, and Efflux Pumps in Drug-Resistant Strains of Riemerella anatipestifer.
The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in Riemerella anatipestifer, including aac(6')-Ib, aadA1, aadA2, aadA5, aac(3')-IIc, aac(3')-IV, aph(3')-VII, aph(2')-Ib, bla TEM, bla OXA, tet(A), tet(B), sul1, sul2, sul3, cat2, cmlA, floR, emrF, qnrS, and qnrD. Additionally, mutations in gyrA and parC were found to confer fluoroquinolone resistance.
Draft genome sequence data of a tigecycline-resistant Enterobacter cloacae ST93 clinical strain isolated from bloodstream infection.
The study reports the draft genome sequence of a tigecycline-resistant Enterobacter cloacae ST93 clinical isolate, TREC1, which harbors multiple antimicrobial resistance genes, including those encoding resistance to beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, fosfomycin, macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramin B, phenicols, sulfonamides, trimethoprim, and tetracyclines. The isolate is resistant to all antibiotics tested except colistin.
Applying Rapid Whole-Genome Sequencing To Predict Phenotypic Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing Results among Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Clinical Isolates.
The study identified various AMR genes and mutations in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, including bla KPC-2, bla KPC-3, bla NDM-1, bla OXA-48, ampC, qnrB, qnrS, aac(6')-Ib-cr, armA, rmtB, tet(A), tet(B), tet(D), tet(G), sul1, sul2, sul3, dfrA1, dfrA12, dfrA14, dfrA25, dfrA26, dfrA30, oqxA, oqxB, and mgrB, as well as mutations in ompK35, ompK36, gyrA, parC, phoP, phoQ, pmrA, and pmrB, which contribute to resistance against multiple antibiotics.
The Transferable Resistome of Produce.
The study identified multiple tetracycline resistance genes, beta-lactamases, and other resistance determinants in E. coli isolates from produce, highlighting the potential for horizontal gene transfer and the significance of the produce microbiome as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes.
Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi in Bangladesh: Exploration of Genomic Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in S. Typhi isolates from Bangladesh, including blaTEM-1B, blaCTX-M-15, catA1, dfrA7, sul1, sul2, qnrS1, strA, strB, tet(A), tet(B), and mutations in gyrA and parE associated with ciprofloxacin resistance.
Distribution and Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella Isolated from Pigs with Diarrhea in China.
The study identified the presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes (aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS) and the mcr-1 gene, which confers colistin resistance, in Salmonella isolates from pigs with diarrhea in China.
The Prevalence of Colistin Resistant Strains and Antibiotic Resistance Gene Profiles in Funan River, China.
The study identified mcr-1 and mcr-3 genes as the primary colistin resistance genes in the Funan River, along with other resistance genes such as sul1, sul2, aac(6')-Ib-cr, bla CTX-M, tetM, ermB, qnrS, and aph(3')-IIIa. These genes were found in various bacterial species, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains in the river.
Diarrheal bacterial pathogens and multi-resistant enterobacteria in the Choqueyapu River in La Paz, Bolivia.
The study identified multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in the Choqueyapu River, including E. coli and Enterobacter cloacae carrying bla CTX-M, bla KPC, bla NDM, bla VIM, and bla OXA-48 genes, highlighting the environmental spread of antibiotic resistance.
High level of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in young dairy calves in southern Vietnam.
The study identified multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in young dairy calves in southern Vietnam, including bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-9, bla CMY-2, and qnrS genes associated with resistance to various antibiotics.
Whole-genome sequences of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in South-Kivu Province, Democratic Republic of Congo: characterization of phylogenomic changes, virulence and resistance genes.
The study characterizes multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from South-Kivu Province, Democratic Republic of Congo, identifying several AMR genes including blaCTX-M-15, blaTEM-1, blaOXA-1, aac(6')-Ib, qnrS1, cat, sulI, sulII, tet(A), and dhfr. It also identifies chromosomal mutations in gyrA and parC contributing to quinolone resistance.
Circulation of Plasmids Harboring Resistance Genes to Quinolones and/or Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporins in Multiple Salmonella enterica Serotypes from Swine in the United States.
The study identifies multiple plasmid-mediated resistance genes in Salmonella enterica serotypes from swine in the United States, including qnrB19, qnrB2, qnrB15, qnrD, qnrS1, qnrS2, aac(6')-Ib-cr, bla CMY-2, bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-27, and bla SHV-12, which confer resistance to quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins.
Circulation of Plasmids Harboring Resistance Genes to Quinolones and/or Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporins in Multiple Salmonella enterica Serotypes from Swine in the United States.
The study identifies multiple plasmid-mediated resistance genes in Salmonella enterica serotypes from swine in the United States, including qnrB19, qnrB2, qnrB15, qnrD, qnrS1, qnrS2, aac(6')-Ib-cr, bla CMY-2, bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-27, and bla SHV-12, which confer resistance to quinolones and extended-spectrum cephalosporins.
Ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella Typhi Outbreak in Hyderabad City of Sindh, Pakistan: High Time for the Introduction of Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine.
The study reports a ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella Typhi outbreak in Hyderabad, Pakistan, involving a novel strain of the H58 lineage carrying the blaCTX-M-15 ESBL and qnrS fluoroquinolone resistance gene.
Genomic analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from Malawi reveals acquisition of multiple ESBL determinants across diverse lineages.
The study identified multiple ESBL genes, including bla CTX-M-15, several bla SHV, bla TEM-63, and bla OXA-10, along with other AMR genes across diverse lineages of K. pneumoniae isolates from Malawi. No carbapenem resistance genes were detected, but plasmids similar to carbapenem resistance-associated plasmid pNDM-mar were found.
No evidence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in stool samples of 1,544 asylum seekers arriving in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, April 2016 to March, 2017.
The study found no evidence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (C-PE) in stool samples of 1,544 asylum seekers in Germany. The most prevalent ESBL genes were bla CTX-M-15 and bla CTX-M-27, and qnrS1 and aac(6')Ib-cr were associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
The first Canadian pediatric case of extensively drug-resistant Salmonella Typhi originating from an outbreak in Pakistan and its implication for empiric antimicrobial choices.
Occurrence and characterization of quinolone resistant Escherichia coli from Norwegian turkey meat and complete sequence of an IncX1 plasmid encoding qnrS1.
The study identified qnrS1 as the primary plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene in Escherichia coli isolates from Norwegian turkey meat, along with chromosomal mutations in gyrA and parC contributing to resistance.
Evaluation of co-transfer of plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance genes and bla(NDM) gene in Enterobacteriaceae causing neonatal septicaemia.
The study identifies the co-transfer of plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance genes (aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrB, qnrS) with bla(NDM) in Enterobacteriaceae causing neonatal sepsis. Mutations in gyrA and parC contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance.
Antibiotic Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae from Surface Waters in Urban Brazil Highlights the Risks of Poor Sanitation.
The study identified several AMR genes in Enterobacteriaceae from surface waters in urban Brazil, including bla OXA-48, bla KPC, bla VIM-2, qnrS, and aac(6')-lb-cr, highlighting the risks of poor sanitation.
Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Flies in the Urban Center of Berlin, Germany.
The study identified ESBL-producing E. coli in 12.9% of flies collected in Berlin, with CTX-M-1 being the most prevalent ESBL type. Additionally, qnrS1 was found in 54.2% of the isolates, indicating quinolone resistance.
Genotypic antimicrobial resistance assays for use on E. coli isolates and stool specimens.
The study developed and validated 85 PCR assays to detect 79 AMR genes and mutations associated with resistance across 10 antimicrobial classes, focusing on E. coli. The assays showed high concordance with sequencing and phenotypic susceptibility testing, demonstrating their potential for AMR surveillance in E. coli isolates and direct stool specimens.
Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis of Nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica of Chicken Meat and Human Origin Under Surveillance in Sri Lanka.
The study identified several AMR genes in nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica isolates from chicken meat and human sources in Sri Lanka, including blaCTX-M-15, fosA7, aph(6)-Id, tet(A), blaTEM-1B, qnrS1, sul3, and dfrA14.
Characterization of a carbapenem- and colistin-resistant Enterobacter cloacae carrying Tn6901 in bla (NDM-1) genomic context.
The study characterizes a carbapenem- and colistin-resistant Enterobacter cloacae strain, PIMB10EC27, which carries multiple resistance genes including blaNDM-1, blaSHV-12, and qnrS1, as well as mutations in pmrB and pmrC that may contribute to colistin resistance.
Heavy metal resistance genes and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in Arthrobacter sp. isolated from Brazilian soils.
The study identified plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes such as qepA, qnrS, qnrB, oqx B, and oqx A, as well as heavy metal resistance (HMR) genes like copA and czcA in Arthrobacter sp. isolated from Brazilian soils.
Ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi in a pregnant traveller returning from Karachi, Pakistan to Denmark, 2019.
The study reports a ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella Typhi isolate carrying multiple resistance genes, including blaCTX-M-15, blaTEM-1B, qnrS1, sul1, sul2, dfrA7, aph[3]-1b, aph[6]-1d, aac[6]-1aa, and catA1. Additionally, a fluoroquinolone resistance mutation (gyrA S83F) was identified.
Transmission of ciprofloxacin resistance in Salmonella mediated by a novel type of conjugative helper plasmids.
The study identifies a novel conjugative helper plasmid that enables the transfer of non-conjugative ciprofloxacin resistance-encoding plasmids, facilitating the spread of ciprofloxacin resistance among Salmonella and other Enterobacteriaceae.
Phenotypic screening for quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli.
Antimicrobial resistance, virulence & plasmid profiles among clinical isolates of Shigella serogroups.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes including bla OXA-1, bla TEM-1B, qnr S1, dfr A1, aad A1, sul II, tet B, and cat A1 in Shigella isolates. Additionally, novel mutations in gyr A, gyr B, par C, and par E genes were observed, contributing to quinolone resistance.
Distribution of quinolone resistance gene (qnr) in ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. in Lomé, Togo.
The study identified qnrB, qnrS, and qnrA genes in ESBL-producing E. coli and Klebsiella spp. in Togo, highlighting their role in quinolone resistance.
Prevalence of quinolone-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli in a tertiary care hospital in south Iran.
The study found a high prevalence of quinolone resistance among E. coli isolates from UTI patients in southern Iran, with 33.1% positive for qnrS and 12.4% positive for qnrB genes. However, no significant association was found between qnr genes and increased quinolone resistance.
Genomic Features of High-Priority Salmonella enterica Serovars Circulating in the Food Production Chain, Brazil, 2000-2016.
The study identified several AMR genes in Salmonella enterica isolates from Brazil, including qnrE1, qnrB19, qnrS1, blaCTX-M-2, blaCTX-M-8, blaCMY-2, aadA1, aadA2, aac(3)-IVa, aac(3)-IIa, aac(6')-Ib, floR, sul1, sul2, tet(A), tet(B), strA, strB, drfA1, inu(F), qacEdelta1, and fosA7. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones, beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim, macrolides, quaternary ammonium compounds, and fosfomycin.
Emergence of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Goldcoast Strains in Taiwan and International Spread of the ST358 Clone.
The study identifies multiple multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Goldcoast strains in Taiwan, highlighting the emergence of an ST358 clone carrying various resistance genes, including blaCTX-M-55, mcr-1, and others, contributing to the rapid increase in infections.
Multilocus sequence typing and bla (ESBL) characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from healthy humans and swine in Northern Thailand.
The study identified bla CTX-M, bla TEM, and bla SHV as the primary ESBL genes in ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from healthy humans and swine in Northern Thailand. Additionally, several other AMR genes such as sul1, sul2, sul3, aadA22, aph(3')-Ia, strA, strB, aadA2, aadA5, qnrS1, tetA, tetB, tetD, arr2, and mefB were characterized.
High Prevalence of Metallo-β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacter cloacae From Three Tertiary Hospitals in China.
The study identified multiple metallo-beta-lactamase genes, including blaNDM-1, blaIMP-26, blaIMP-4, blaIMP-1, blaVIM-4, and blaKPC-2, as major contributors to carbapenem resistance in Enterobacter cloacae isolates from three hospitals in China.
Characterization of a Carbapenem-Resistant Kluyvera Cryocrescens Isolate Carrying Bla(ndm-1) from Hospital Sewage.
The study characterizes a carbapenem-resistant Kluyvera cryocrescens isolate carrying blaNDM-1 on a self-transmissible IncX3 plasmid, along with other resistance genes such as blaSHV-12, blaCTX-M-3, qnrS1, sul1, fosA, dfrA21, and dfrA14.
Infectious phage particles packaging antibiotic resistance genes found in meat products and chicken feces.
The study identified various antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in phage particles from meat products and chicken feces, highlighting the potential role of phages in the dissemination of resistance.
An African Salmonella Typhimurium ST313 sublineage with extensive drug-resistance and signatures of host adaptation.
The study identifies an extensively drug-resistant (XDR) sublineage II.1 of Salmonella Typhimurium ST313 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, carrying resistance genes such as catA, blaTEM1, dfrA, blaSHV-2A, mphA, qnrS, and gyrA mutations, along with an IncHI2 plasmid pSTm-ST313-II.1.
An Outbreak of Carbapenem-Resistant and Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae in an Intensive Care Unit of a Major Teaching Hospital in Wenzhou, China.
The study identified carbapenem-resistant and hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates carrying bla KPC−2, aac(3')-Ia, aac(6')-Ib, ANT(3')-Ia, rmtB, rmtC, qnrB, qnrS, oqxA, bla SHV−11, bla CTX−M−2 group, bla CTX−M−9 group, bla TEM−1, bla CMY−2, and bla DHA genes, contributing to multidrug resistance.
Characterization of the plasmid of incompatibility groups IncFII(pKF727591) and Inc(pKPHS1) from Enterobacteriaceae species.
The study characterizes two novel plasmid incompatibility groups, IncFII pKF727591 and Inc pKPHS1, and identifies several AMR genes including qnrS1, blaCTX-M-14, and blaNDM-1, which confer resistance to quinolones, cephalosporins, and carbapenems, respectively.
Emergence and Characterization of a Novel IncP-6 Plasmid Harboring bla (KPC-2) and qnrS2 Genes in Aeromonas taiwanensis Isolates.
The study identifies a novel IncP-6 plasmid, pKPC-1713, harboring bla(KPC-2) and qnrS2 genes in Aeromonas taiwanensis isolates, highlighting the co-occurrence of carbapenem and quinolone resistance genes on a non-conjugative plasmid.
Shedding of OXA-181 carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli from companion animals after hospitalisation in Switzerland: an outbreak in 2018.
The study identified the carbapenemase gene blaOXA-181, the quinolone resistance gene qnrS1, the cephalosporinase gene blaCMY-42, and the tetracycline resistance gene tet(A) in carbapenemase-producing Escherichia coli isolates from companion animals in Switzerland. Additionally, chromosomal mutations in GyrA and ParC were associated with high-level fluoroquinolone resistance.
Horizontal gene transfer contributes to virulence and antibiotic resistance of Vibrio harveyi 345 based on complete genome sequence analysis.
The study identified 25 antibiotic resistance genes in Vibrio harveyi 345, including genes for tetracycline (tetm, tetb), fluoroquinolone (qnrs), trimethoprim (dfra17), sulfonamide (sul2), and others, highlighting the role of horizontal gene transfer in its multidrug resistance.
Inter-host Transmission of Carbapenemase-Producing Escherichia coli among Humans and Backyard Animals.
The study identified blaNDM genes as the primary cause of carbapenem resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from humans, pigs, chickens, and flies in rural China, highlighting the transmission of these resistance genes between humans and backyard animals.
Chromosomal and plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance in human Salmonella enterica infection in Ghana.
The study identifies the plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance gene qnrS and several chromosomal mutations in gyrA and gyrB genes in Salmonella clinical isolates from Ghana.
Molecular characterization of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates with focus on antimicrobial resistance.
The study identifies blaKPC-2 as the dominant carbapenemase gene in clinical CRKP isolates, along with various ESBLs and other resistance genes such as blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV, aac(3)-IId, rmtB, QnrS1, oqxA, oqxB, fosA, catA1, catA2, dfrA1, and dfrA17.
Comparison of the inoculum size effects of antibiotics on IMP-6 β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae co-harboring plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes.
The study identified several plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes (aac(6')-Ib-cr, oqxA, qnrS, qnrB) and their association with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and carbapenems in IMP-6 β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae.
Characteristics of a Colistin-Resistant Escherichia coli ST695 Harboring the Chromosomally-Encoded mcr-1 Gene.
The study identifies the chromosomally-encoded mcr-1 gene in a colistin-resistant E. coli ST695 strain, along with various other resistance genes such as bla NDM-1, aadA1, aadA2, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3')-VI, rmtB, cmlA1, floR, tet(A), tet(M), dfrA12, oqxA, oqxB, qnrS1, mph(A), bla TEM-105, and bla TEM-1B, contributing to its multidrug-resistant phenotype.
Study on the presence of resistant diarrheagenic pathotypes in Escherichia coli isolated from patients with urinary tract infection.
The study identified the presence of bla CTX-M and qnrS genes in E. coli isolates from urinary tract infections, indicating multidrug resistance.
Impact of co-existence of PMQR genes and QRDR mutations on fluoroquinolones resistance in Enterobacteriaceae strains isolated from community and hospital acquired UTIs.
Gut carriage of antimicrobial resistance genes among young children in urban Maputo, Mozambique: Associations with enteric pathogen carriage and environmental risk factors.
The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in the gut of young children in urban Maputo, Mozambique, including aadA1, SHV, ermA, ermB, mefA, tetA, tetB, and others, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, macrolides, tetracyclines, and fluoroquinolones.
Use of whole genome sequencing of commensal Escherichia coli in pigs for antimicrobial resistance surveillance, United Kingdom, 2018.
The study analyzed 515 E. coli isolates from pigs using whole genome sequencing to identify AMR genes and mutations. Key findings include the prevalence of blaTEM-1b, tet(A), and tetA(B) genes, along with various mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE that confer resistance to fluoroquinolones. The study highlights the effectiveness of WGS in predicting AMR phenotypes with high concordance to MIC results.
Multidrug-Resistant and Clinically Relevant Gram-Negative Bacteria Are Present in German Surface Waters.
The study identifies several AMR genes in multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria isolated from German surface waters, highlighting the presence of clinically relevant resistance mechanisms such as bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-15, mcr-1, and others.
Leclercia adecarboxylata From Human Gut Flora Carries mcr-4.3 and bla (IMP-4)-Bearing Plasmids.
The study identifies the presence of mcr-4.3 and blaIMP-4 genes in a Leclercia adecarboxylata strain, highlighting the potential for gut flora to act as a reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes.
Molecular characterization of metallo-β-lactamase- producing carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex isolated in Heilongjiang Province of China.
The study identified multiple carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex (CREC) strains carrying metallo-beta-lactamases blaNDM-1 and blaIMP-4, along with quinolone resistance genes qnrS and aac(6')-Ib-cr. Mutations in gyrA and parC were associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Phenotypic and molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistant Escherichia coli from urinary tract infections in Port-Harcourt, Nigeria.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in E. coli isolates from urinary tract infections in Port-Harcourt, Nigeria, including blaTEM, blaCTX-M-15, blaSHV, blaOXA-1, blaCMY-2, qnrD, qnrS, aac(6')-Ib, and aacC2. These genes were associated with resistance to various antibiotics, highlighting the complexity of multidrug resistance in these isolates.
Molecular characterization of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli from broiler chickens with colibacillosis.
The study identified several AMR genes in APEC isolates, including beta-lactamases (bla TEM-1, bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-15), aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes (aac(3)-II), plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes (qnrA, qnrS), tetracycline resistance genes (tetA), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul2), and chloramphenicol resistance genes (catA1, cmlA).
Complete Nucleotide Sequence of Plasmids of Two Escherichia coli Strains Carrying bla (NDM-) (5) and bla (NDM) (-) (5) and bla (OXA) (-) (181) From the Same Patient.
The study characterizes two carbapenemase-producing E. coli strains carrying blaNDM-5 and blaOXA-181, along with various other resistance genes such as qnrS1, blaCTX-M-15, aac(6')-lb-cr, catB3, sul1, dfrA17, qacEΔ1, aadA5, rmtB, ermB, mphA, tetB, catA1, dfrA14, dfrA12, blaTEM-1B, and blaCMY-42.
Whole Genome Sequencing of Escherichia coli From Store-Bought Produce.
The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes in tetracycline-resistant E. coli strains from store-bought produce, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug resistance and the role of plasmids and integrons in the spread of resistance.
First Case of Typhoid Fever due to Extensively Drug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi in Italy.
The study reports the first case of typhoid fever due to extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi in Italy, which was found to harbor the blaCTX-M-15 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and the qnrS fluoroquinolone resistance gene.
Population structure and antimicrobial resistance patterns of Salmonella Typhi isolates in urban Dhaka, Bangladesh from 2004 to 2016.
Emerging colistin resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Newport isolates from human infections
Investigation of plasmid-mediated resistance in E. coli isolated from healthy and diarrheic sheep and goats.
The study identified several plasmid-mediated resistance genes in E. coli isolates from healthy and diarrheic sheep and goats, including rmtB, qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, CTX-M2, CTX-M8/25, CTX-M9, CTX-M1, and armA. These genes conferred resistance to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and cephalosporins.
Dominant resistance and negative epistasis can limit the co-selection of de novo resistance mutations and antibiotic resistance genes.
The study identifies negative epistasis between the tetracycline efflux pump TetA and mutations in the nuo genes, which affects aminoglycoside resistance. It also characterizes the roles of various antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) such as blaTEM-219, floR, qnrS1, and tetA in resistance to different antibiotics.
Genotypic characterization of multiple drug resistant Escherichia coli isolates from a pediatric cancer hospital in Egypt.
The study identified multiple drug-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from a pediatric cancer hospital in Egypt, highlighting the prevalence of various antimicrobial resistance genes such as TEM-220, NDM-11, aph(6)-Id, sul2, and others, indicating a significant threat to immunocompromised patients.
Molecular and Clinical Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant and Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains from Liver Abscess in Taiwan.
Environmental remodeling of human gut microbiota and antibiotic resistome in livestock farms.
The study identifies several antibiotic resistance genes, including bla CTX-M, fosA3, bla TEM, qnrS, and tet(X), which were enriched in the gut resistome of students exposed to swine farm environments. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as cephalosporins, fosfomycin, penicillins, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines.
Metadata Analysis of mcr-1-Bearing Plasmids Inspired by the Sequencing Evidence for Horizontal Transfer of Antibiotic Resistance Genes Between Polluted River and Wild Birds.
The study identifies the mcr-1 gene as a key factor in colistin resistance in E. coli strains isolated from polluted rivers and wild birds. It also characterizes several other AMR genes including aadA1, aadA2, aph(3′)-Ia, aph(3″)-Ib, aph(4)-Ia, aph(6)-Id, tet(B), tet(D), tet(A), bla CTX–M–14, bla TEM–1, qnrS2, oqxA, oqxB, cmlA1, floR, vgaC, sul1, sul2, sul3, dfrA12, and glpT (E448K).
Impact of short-term storage on the quantity of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in broiler litter under practical conditions.
The study identified bla SHV-12, bla CTX-M-1, and bla TEM-1 as the primary beta-lactamase genes in ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from broiler litter. Additional resistance mechanisms included qnrS1, mdfA, and Tet 34.
Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence Genes and Genetic Diversity of Salmonella Isolated from Retail Duck Meat in Southern China.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella isolates from retail duck meat in Southern China, including blaTEM, blaCTX-M, strA, aadA1, qnrS, aac(6')-Ib, qnrB, and floR, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, cefotaxime, streptomycin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and florfenicol.
First report of VIM metallo-β-lactamase production in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates from Gaza Strip, Palestine.
The study reports the first occurrence of VIM-4 and VIM-28 metallo-β-lactamase production in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates from the Gaza Strip, Palestine. Additionally, the aac(6')-Ib-cr and qnrS1 genes were identified as contributing to resistance against aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones, respectively.
Emerging coexistence of three PMQR genes on a multiple resistance plasmid with a new surrounding genetic structure of qnrS2 in E. coli in China.
The study identifies a novel multiple resistance plasmid in E. coli carrying three PMQR genes (aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS2, and oqxAB) and describes a new surrounding genetic structure of qnrS2 flanked by IS26 elements.
Complete-Genome Sequencing and Comparative Genomic Characterization of an IMP-4 Producing Citrobacter freundii Isolate from Patient with Diarrhea.
The study identified the blaIMP-4 gene in a carbapenem-resistant Citrobacter freundii isolate, which is located on an IncN1 plasmid and exhibits horizontal transfer capability. Additional resistance genes such as qnrS1, blaCMY-109, and qnr-B38 were also characterized.
Co-occurrence of mcr-1, mcr-3, mcr-7 and clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance genes in environmental and fecal samples.
The study identified the co-occurrence of mcr-1, mcr-3, mcr-7.1, and various clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance genes in environmental and fecal samples from a Brazilian zoo, highlighting the potential reservoir of these genes in zoological environments.
Klebsiella pneumoniae carriage in low-income countries: antimicrobial resistance, genomic diversity and risk factors.
The study identified various AMR genes and mutations in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from pregnant women in low-income countries, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains and the role of environmental factors in their carriage.
Changes in Antibiotic Resistance Gene Levels in Soil after Irrigation with Treated Wastewater: A Comparison between Heterogeneous Photocatalysis and Chlorination.
The study found that irrigation with treated wastewater led to increased levels of antibiotic resistance genes, including bla OXA-10 and qnrS, in soil. Both heterogeneous photocatalysis and chlorination were ineffective in completely eliminating these genes.
Prevalence of Cefotaxime-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates from Healthy Cattle and Sheep in Northern Spain: Phenotypic and Genome-Based Characterization of Antimicrobial Susceptibility.
The study identified various AMR genes in cefotaxime-resistant E. coli isolates from cattle and sheep in the Basque Country, including bla CTX-M-14, bla CMY-2, and others, highlighting the prevalence of ESBL and AmpC-producing strains.
High Level of Resistance to Antimicrobials and Heavy Metals in Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas sp. Isolated from Water Sources.
The study identified several AMR genes in multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas sp. isolates from water sources, including blaGES, qnrS, qepA, tetB, aac(3')-IIa, and ant(2'')-Ia, which confer resistance to various antibiotics.
Virulence Potential of a Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Strain Belonging to the Emerging Clonal Group ST101-B1 Isolated from Bloodstream Infection.
The study identified a multidrug-resistant E. coli strain EC121 harboring 14 antimicrobial resistance genes, including bla CTX-M-2, which confers resistance to multiple beta-lactam antibiotics.
Genomic analysis of Escherichia coli strains isolated from diseased chicken in the Czech Republic.
The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in E. coli isolates from diseased chickens in the Czech Republic, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains with resistance to β-lactams, quinolones, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines.
Characterizing Antimicrobial Resistant Escherichia coli and Associated Risk Factors in a Cross-Sectional Study of Pig Farms in Great Britain.
The study identified tetracycline resistance gene tet(A), beta-lactamase bla TEM-1b, streptomycin resistance genes strAB, and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene qnrS1 in E. coli isolates from pig farms in Great Britain. Chromosomal mutations in gyrA and parC were also linked to fluoroquinolone resistance.
Structural Genomics of repA, repB 1-Carrying IncFIB Family pA1705-qnrS, P911021-tetA, and P1642-tetA, Multidrug-Resistant Plasmids from Klebsiella pneumoniae.
The study characterizes multidrug-resistant plasmids pA1705-qnrS, p911021-tetA, and p1642-tetA from Klebsiella pneumoniae, identifying several AMR genes including beta-lactamases (bla CTX-M-14, bla TEM-1, bla OXA-1, bla SHV-12, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-65), quinolone resistance gene qnrS1, tetracycline resistance genes tetA (A) and tetA (D), aminoglycoside resistance genes aacA4cr and aacC2, streptomycin resistance genes strA and strB, dihydrofolate reductase genes dfrA1 and dfrA14, sulfonamide resistance gene sul2, macrolide resistance gene mph (A), efflux pump gene oqxAB, chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene catB3, and tunicamycin resistance gene tmrB.
Genomic analyses of multidrug-resistant Salmonella Indiana, Typhimurium, and Enteritidis isolates using MinION and MiSeq sequencing technologies.
The study identified various AMR genes in multidrug-resistant Salmonella isolates, including beta-lactamases (blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-27, blaCTX-M-55, blaOXA-1, blaCMY-2, blaOXA, blaCMY), phenicol resistance genes (catB3, cmlA1, floR, catA1, catA2, oqxA, oqxB), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac(6')-Ib-cr5, aac(6')-Ib-cr, oqxA2, qepA1, qnrS1), sulfonamide and trimethoprim resistance genes (sul1, sul2, sul3, dfrA12, dfrA7), and tetracycline resistance genes (tet(A), tet(B), tet(M)).
Genomic analyses of multidrug-resistant Salmonella Indiana, Typhimurium, and Enteritidis isolates using MinION and MiSeq sequencing technologies.
The study identified various AMR genes in multidrug-resistant Salmonella isolates, including beta-lactamases (blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-27, blaCTX-M-55, blaOXA-1, blaCMY-2, blaOXA, blaCMY), phenicol resistance genes (catB3, cmlA1, floR, catA1, catA2, oqxA, oqxB), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac(6')-Ib-cr5, aac(6')-Ib-cr, oqxA2, qepA1, qnrS1), sulfonamide and trimethoprim resistance genes (sul1, sul2, sul3, dfrA12, dfrA7), and tetracycline resistance genes (tet(A), tet(B), tet(M)).
Molecular characteristics of fluoroquinolone-resistant avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chickens.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in fluoroquinolone-resistant avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolates, including qnrA, qnrS, blaCTX-1, blaCTX-15, blaTEM-1, aac(3)-II, tetA, sul1, sul2, and catA1, along with mutations in gyrA and parC that confer fluoroquinolone resistance.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Swine Fecal Specimens Across Different Farm Management Systems.
The study identified several AMR genes associated with different antimicrobial classes in swine fecal samples from farms with varying antimicrobial usage levels. These genes included beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, fluoroquinolone resistance genes, macrolide resistance markers, polymyxin resistance genes, phenicol resistance genes, and trimethoprim resistance genes.
Whole Genome Sequencing and Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) Bacterial Strains Isolated From a Norwegian University Campus Pond.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes and mutations in ESBL-producing bacteria from Norwegian freshwater environments, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains with resistance to various antibiotics including beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, and sulfonamides.
Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in Drinking Water Samples From a Forcibly Displaced, Densely Populated Community Setting in Bangladesh.
The study identified ESBL-producing E. coli in drinking water samples from Rohingya camps in Bangladesh, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains with genes such as bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-15, bla TEM, qnrS, and qnrB.
High-resolution characterisation of ESBL/pAmpC-producing Escherichia coli isolated from the broiler production pyramid.
The study identified multiple AMR genes, including bla CTX-M-55, bla CMY-2, bla CTX-M-1, bla SHV-12, sul2, aac(3)-Ia, aadA, strA, strB, tet(A), tet(B), dfrA14, floR, cmlA1, catA1, catB3, qnrS1, qnrS2, qnrB19, mph(A), mph(B), arr-3, and aac(6')Ib-cr, in ESBL/pAmpC-producing E. coli isolates from broiler production.
High-resolution characterisation of ESBL/pAmpC-producing Escherichia coli isolated from the broiler production pyramid.
The study identified multiple AMR genes, including bla CTX-M-55, bla CMY-2, bla CTX-M-1, bla SHV-12, sul2, aac(3)-Ia, aadA, strA, strB, tet(A), tet(B), dfrA14, floR, cmlA1, catA1, catB3, qnrS1, qnrS2, qnrB19, mph(A), mph(B), arr-3, and aac(6')Ib-cr, in ESBL/pAmpC-producing E. coli isolates from broiler production.
Efficacy of Acacia nilotica aqueous extract in treating biofilm-forming and multidrug resistant uropathogens isolated from patients with UTI syndrome.
The study identified several AMR genes including blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX, qnrS, aac(3)-Ia, and mexR in multidrug-resistant uropathogens. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, and piperacillin.
The prevalence and mechanism of fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from swine farms in China.
The study identified the prevalence of fluoroquinolone resistance in E. coli from swine farms in China, highlighting the role of chromosomal mutations in gyrA, parC, parE, marR, and acrR, along with plasmid-mediated resistance genes qnrS, oqxAB, and aac(6')-Ib-cr.
Molecular Relatedness of Salmonella enterica Typhimurium Isolates from Feces and an Infected Surgical Wound.
The study identified the presence of blaCTX-M-15, blaTEM-1, qnrS-1, qnrB, aac-3, and blaCMY-2 in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium isolates SM043 and SM080, which conferred resistance to third- and fourth-generation cephalosporins and other antibiotics.
Occurrence and Antimicrobial Resistance Traits of Escherichia coli from Wild Birds and Rodents in Singapore.
Identification of a Cluster of Extended-spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Sequence Type 101 Isolated From Food and Humans.
The study identifies a cluster of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae sequence type 101 isolated from food and humans, highlighting the potential role of food as a source of multidrug-resistant bacteria transmission to humans.
Development of an NGS-Based Workflow for Improved Monitoring of Circulating Plasmids in Support of Risk Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance Gene Dissemination.
The study developed an optimized NGS-based workflow for plasmid reconstruction, enabling the identification of AMR genes such as mcr-1.1, blaTEM-1B, and others, which are critical for understanding the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance.
Molecular investigation of antibiotic resistant bacterial strains isolated from wastewater streams in Pakistan.
The study identified the presence of the antibiotic resistance genes blaTEM and qnrS2 in Aeromonas spp. and Escherichia spp., indicating their role in conferring resistance to beta-lactam and fluoroquinolone antibiotics.
Tracking Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants in Diarrheal Pathogens: A Cross-Institutional Pilot Study.
The study identified 55 different antimicrobial resistance determinants in diarrheal pathogens, highlighting the presence of genes conferring resistance to multiple antibiotic classes, including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, macrolides, tetracyclines, phenicols, sulfonamides, and others. Notably, carbapenemase genes like bla OXA-48 and bla NDM were detected in certain isolates, indicating emerging resistance concerns.
Emergence of Transferable mcr-9 Gene-Carrying Colistin-Resistant Salmonella enterica Dessau ST14 Isolated from Retail Chicken Meat in Korea.
The study identified the mcr-9 gene in a colistin-resistant Salmonella enterica Dessau ST14 strain isolated from retail chicken meat in Korea, demonstrating its transferability to Escherichia coli. Additionally, the strain carried other resistance genes including aac(6')-Iaa, blaTEM-1B, and qnrS1.
Evolution of antibiotic resistance at low antibiotic concentrations including selection below the minimal selective concentration.
The study identifies ermF, intI1, and mphA as genes that show positive selection under specific antibiotic concentrations, highlighting their role in antibiotic resistance development at low concentrations.
Understanding and predicting ciprofloxacin minimum inhibitory concentration in Escherichia coli with machine learning.
The study identifies four key genetic features, including mutations in gyrA and parC genes, and the presence of the qnrS1 gene, that are critical for predicting ciprofloxacin resistance in Escherichia coli.
Emergence of NDM-5-Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and SIM-Producing Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolated from Aseptic Body Fluid in a Large Tertiary Hospital, 2017-2018: Genetic Traits of blaNDM-Like and blaSIM-Like Genes as Determined by NGS.
The study identified NDM-5-producing CRKP and SIM-producing hvKP strains, highlighting the emergence of novel resistance mechanisms and the effectiveness of tigecycline-carbapenem combinations in treating these infections.
Molecular Characterization and Comparative Genomics of IncQ-3 Plasmids Conferring Resistance to Various Antibiotics Isolated from a Wastewater Treatment Plant in Warsaw (Poland).
The study identified several AMR genes in IncQ-3 plasmids, including blaGES-7, qnrS2, aac(6')-ib, dfrB3, and blaFOX-15, which confer resistance to beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and trimethoprim.
Resistance Profiling and Molecular Characterization of Extended-Spectrum/Plasmid-Mediated AmpC β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Healthy Broiler Chickens in South Korea.
The study identified ESBL/pAmpC-producing E. coli isolates from healthy broiler chickens in South Korea, highlighting the presence of bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-55, and bla CMY-2 genes, as well as coexistence of mcr-1 and bla CMY-2 genes, indicating significant antimicrobial resistance concerns.
Resistance Profiling and Molecular Characterization of Extended-Spectrum/Plasmid-Mediated AmpC β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Healthy Broiler Chickens in South Korea.
The study identified ESBL/pAmpC-producing E. coli isolates from healthy broiler chickens in South Korea, highlighting the presence of bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-55, and bla CMY-2 genes, as well as coexistence of mcr-1 and bla CMY-2 genes, indicating significant antimicrobial resistance concerns.
Characterization of Hypervirulent Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Among Urinary Tract Infections: The First Report from Iran.
The study identified ESBL genes (bla SHV, bla TEM, bla CTX-M) and PMQR genes (qnrA, qnrB, qnrS) in hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from urinary tract infections in Iran. These genes contribute to resistance against beta-lactam antibiotics and quinolones.
Genotyping and molecular characterization of antimicrobial resistance in thermophilic Campylobacter isolated from poultry breeders and their progeny in Eastern Spain.
The study identified qnrS, blaTEM, tetC, and ermB genes associated with resistance to quinolones, beta-lactams, tetracyclines, and macrolides in Campylobacter isolates from poultry breeders and their progeny.
Bacterial isolates harboring antibiotics and heavy-metal resistance genes co-existing with mobile genetic elements in natural aquatic water bodies.
The study identified blaTEM, AmpC, qnrS, merB, merP, merT, silE, silP, silS, arsC, IntI, SulI, ISecp1, TN3, and TN21 as significant AMR genes in bacterial isolates from Dal and Wular Lakes in Kashmir, India. These genes were found to confer resistance to various antibiotics and heavy metals, highlighting the co-existence of antibiotic and metal resistance determinants in aquatic environments.
Genome Characterization of mcr-1-Positive Escherichia coli Isolated From Pigs With Postweaning Diarrhea in China.
The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes, including mcr-1.1 and mcr-3.1, in multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates from pigs with postweaning diarrhea in China.
Characterization of a New Transposon, Tn6696, on a bla (NDM-) (1)-Carrying Plasmid From Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacter cloacae ssp. dissolvens in China.
The study identifies a new transposon, Tn6696, on a blaNDM-1-carrying plasmid from a multidrug-resistant Enterobacter cloacae ssp. dissolvens strain, highlighting the role of this transposon in the horizontal transfer of carbapenem resistance.
The Role of Urban Wastewater in the Environmental Transmission of Antimicrobial Resistance: The Current Situation in Italy (2010-2019).
The study identified several AMR genes in urban wastewater treatment plants in Italy, including bla TEM-1, bla AmpC, bla CTX-M-15, bla KPC-3, bla SHV-1, tet A, sul II, erm B, qnr S, int I1, aad A2, dfr 17, aadA 5, aadA 10, sat 1, bla TEM, bla OXA, bla CTX, bla KPC, and tet W. These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, and aminoglycosides.
Transmission of Chromosomal MDR DNA Fragment Encoding Ciprofloxacin Resistance by a Conjugative Helper Plasmid in Salmonella.
The study identifies the conjugative plasmid pSa64-96kb that can capture and transmit a chromosomal MDR DNA fragment containing the PMQR genes aac(6')-Ib-cr and qnrS2, leading to ciprofloxacin resistance in Salmonella and Escherichia coli.
Genetic Determinants of Resistance to Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin and Fluoroquinolone in Escherichia coli Isolated from Diseased Pigs in the United States.
The study identified bla CMY-2, bla CTX-M, and bla SHV-12 genes as major contributors to extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance, along with qnrB77, qnrB2, qnrS1, qnrS2, and aac(6')-Ib-cr for fluoroquinolone resistance. The colistin resistance gene mcr-9 was also detected in several isolates.
Genetic Determinants of Resistance to Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin and Fluoroquinolone in Escherichia coli Isolated from Diseased Pigs in the United States.
The study identified bla CMY-2, bla CTX-M, and bla SHV-12 genes as major contributors to extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance, along with qnrB77, qnrB2, qnrS1, qnrS2, and aac(6')-Ib-cr for fluoroquinolone resistance. The colistin resistance gene mcr-9 was also detected in several isolates.
Characteristics and Epidemiology of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae From Red Kangaroo, China.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in a multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate from a Red Kangaroo, including beta-lactamases (bla DHA–3, bla SHV–1, bla CTX–M–14, bla TEM–191, bla TEM–1, bla CTX–M–3), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aph(3″)-Ib, aph(6)-Id, aac(3)-IIa, aac(6′)-Ib-cr, aadA16, arr-3), quinolone resistance genes (qnrS1, qnrB2), macrolide resistance gene (mphA), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul3, sul1), dihydrofolate reductase (dfrA3, dfrA27), chloramphenicol resistance gene (floR), tetracycline resistance genes (tetG, tetR), and multidrug efflux pump (qacEΔ1).
Snapshot Study of Whole Genome Sequences of Escherichia coli from Healthy Companion Animals, Livestock, Wildlife, Humans and Food in Italy.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) and mutations in Escherichia coli isolates from various sources in Italy, highlighting the prevalence of resistance to tetracycline, sulfonamide, penicillin, fluoroquinolone, and colistin. Key genes included tetA, sul2, blaTEM-1b, mcr-1, qnrS1, and others, along with mutations in gyrA, parC, parE, and pmrB.
Characterization of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance and Serogroup Distributions of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli among Iranian Kidney Transplant Patients.
The study identified qnrS and qnrB genes as the most prevalent plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from Iranian kidney transplant patients, with qnrS being more common than qnrB.
Plasmid-Mediated Ampicillin, Quinolone, and Heavy Metal Co-Resistance among ESBL-Producing Isolates from the Yamuna River, New Delhi, India.
The study identified plasmid-mediated resistance genes bla CMY-2, bla CMY-42, qnrS, merB, merP, merT, and arsC in ESBL-producing isolates from the Yamuna River, indicating co-resistance to antibiotics and heavy metals.
Whole-Genome Sequence Analysis of an Extensively Drug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Agona Isolate from an Australian Silver Gull (Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae) Reveals the Acquisition of Multidrug Resistance Plasmids.
The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in a multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Agona isolate from a silver gull, including bla CTX-M-55, dfrA14, sul3, qnrS1, tet(A), bla TEM-1, and others, indicating the acquisition of multidrug resistance plasmids.
Antibiotic Susceptibility and Molecular Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Associated with Community-Acquired Urinary Tract Infections in Urban and Rural Settings in South Africa.
The study identified several AMR genes in UPEC isolates, including bla CTX-M, bla TEM, qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, gyrA, parC, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA, which confer resistance to beta-lactams and fluoroquinolones. Multidrug-resistant isolates were also found.
Molecular Epidemiology of Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli from Farm-To-Fork in Intensive Poultry Production in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
The study identified the presence of bla CTX-M, sul1, tetA, and tetB genes in Escherichia coli isolates from various stages of the farm-to-fork continuum in intensive poultry production in South Africa.
Fecal Klebsiella pneumoniae Carriage Is Intermittent and of High Clonal Diversity.
The study identified 25 antibiotic resistance genes in 80 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, primarily encoding efflux pumps and inactivating enzymes. Notably, blaSHV, emrB, emrR, marA, marR, msbA, ompK37, oqxA, oqxB, acrA, vgaC, fosA, tet(D), APH(3")-Ib, APH(6)-Id, aadA, qnrS2, rpoB2, mexF, and oprN were found to confer resistance to various antibiotics.
Transferable Resistance to Highest Priority Critically Important Antibiotics for Human Health in Escherichia coli Strains Obtained From Livestock Feces in Uruguay.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in E. coli isolates from livestock in Uruguay, including qnrB19, qnrS1, qnrE1, bla CTX-M-8, bla CTX-M-2, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-55, bla CMY-2, bla SHV-12, and mcr-1, highlighting the presence of transferable resistance to critically important antibiotics.
Evolution of Ciprofloxacin Resistance-Encoding Genetic Elements in Salmonella.
The study identifies multiple PMQR genes, including qnrS1, qnrS2, aac(6')-Ib-cr, oqxAB, qnrB6, and qnrB4, as key contributors to ciprofloxacin resistance in Salmonella. These genes are predominantly located on plasmids and transposable units, facilitating their spread among different Salmonella serotypes.
Evolution of Ciprofloxacin Resistance-Encoding Genetic Elements in Salmonella.
The study identifies multiple PMQR genes, including qnrS1, qnrS2, aac(6')-Ib-cr, oqxAB, qnrB6, and qnrB4, as key contributors to ciprofloxacin resistance in Salmonella. These genes are predominantly located on plasmids and transposable units, facilitating their spread among different Salmonella serotypes.
Genome-based characterization of Escherichia coli causing bloodstream infection through next-generation sequencing.
The study identified various AMR genes in E. coli isolates from bloodstream infections, including genes conferring resistance to beta-lactams, macrolides, aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim. Additionally, mutations in quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyrA, parC, and parE were associated with ciprofloxacin resistance.
Genomic Characterization of VIM and MCR Co-Producers: The First Two Clinical Cases, in Italy.
The study characterizes two clinical Enterobacter cloacae complex isolates co-producing VIM and MCR enzymes, identifying specific AMR genes and their resistance mechanisms.
Genomic Characterization of VIM and MCR Co-Producers: The First Two Clinical Cases, in Italy.
The study characterizes two clinical Enterobacter cloacae complex isolates co-producing VIM and MCR enzymes, identifying specific AMR genes and their resistance mechanisms.
Collateral sensitivity associated with antibiotic resistance plasmids.
The study identifies several AMR genes carried by clinically relevant plasmids, including blaOXA-48, qnrS1, blaSHV-12, aac(6')-Ib3, blaVEB-9, qnrVC-1, sul1, tetA', tetC, dfrA1, dfrA23, blaVIM-1, aadA1, qacEΔ1, blaBEL-1, blaGES-5, blaIMP-8, and blaFOX-8. These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics, and the study highlights the collateral sensitivity associated with the acquisition of these plasmids.
Antibiotic resistance plasmid composition and architecture in Escherichia coli isolates from meat.
The study characterizes various AMR genes in plasmids from meat-derived E. coli isolates, highlighting the diversity and clustering of resistance genes such as bla CTX-M-1, aadA5, sul2, and others, along with their association with specific plasmid incompatibility groups.
Characterization of Enterococci- and ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Milk of Bovides with Mastitis in Egypt.
The study identified several AMR genes in Enterococcus and ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from bovine mastitis cases in Egypt, including erm(B), tetL, aac-aphD, vanA, and vanB.
Genomic Analysis of Antimicrobial Resistance and Resistance Plasmids in Salmonella Serovars from Poultry in Nigeria.
The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella isolates from Nigerian poultry, including aac(6')-Ia, aac(6')-Ib, aadA7, aph(3")-Ia, aph(3")-Ib, aph(6')-Id, aph(6')-Ic, aac(3)-Ia, aac(3)-IIa, aac(3)-IVa, aac(6')-IIa, aac(3)-Id, sul1, sul2, sul3, tet(A), tet(M), qnrS1, qnrB19, blaTEM, dfrA14, dfrA15, dfrA17, catA1, cmlA1, and floR. Mutations in gyrA (Ser83Phe, Asp87Tyr) and parC (Thr57Ser, Ser80Ile) were also associated with resistance to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin.
Characterization of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates from Jurong Lake, Singapore with Whole-Genome-Sequencing.
The study identified several extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes, including bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-8, bla CTX-M-27, bla CTX-M-14, and bla CTX-M-55, along with mcr-1.1 and mcr-3.1 for colistin resistance. Additionally, various other resistance genes such as qnrS1, mdf(A), mph(A), and others were found in the isolates, indicating multidrug resistance.
Colonization with Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae causes infections in a Vietnamese intensive care unit.
The study identifies multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST188 and various Klebsiella pneumoniae strains with distinct resistance mechanisms, highlighting the role of colonization in causing infections in ICU patients.
Resistome of a carbapenemase-producing novel ST232 Klebsiella michiganensis isolate from urban hospital effluent in South Africa.
The study reports the first carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella michiganensis isolate from South African hospital effluent, harboring multiple resistance genes including blaOXA-181, blaOXY-5-1, qnrB6, qnrS1, aadA16, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aph(6)-Id, arr-3, sul1, sul2, dfrA14, and dfrA27.
Distribution of Beta-Lactamase Producing Gram-Negative Bacterial Isolates in Isabela River of Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
The study identified several beta-lactamase genes, including bla TEM, bla OXA, bla SHV, and bla KPC, as well as other resistance genes such as CTX-M-15, CTX-M-55, OXA-1, OXA-72, OXA-132, KPC-3, QnrS1, QnrB19, sul2, sul1, dfrA12, dfrA14, dfrA17, mphA, aadA, aadA2, aadA5, ampC, ampC1, ampH, PmrF, bacA, and eptA, in various Gram-negative bacterial isolates from the Isabela River in the Dominican Republic.
Interplay between ESKAPE Pathogens and Immunity in Skin Infections: An Overview of the Major Determinants of Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance.
The paper discusses the major determinants of virulence and antibiotic resistance in ESKAPE pathogens, focusing on genes such as vanA, poxtA, blaZ, mecA, blaKPC-2, blaKPC-3, armA, aacA4, aadA1, acrAB, blaCTX-M, blaGES, blaPER, blaSHV, blaTEM, blaVEB, aac(3')-Ia, ant(2’)-Ia, tetA, tetB, gyrA, parC, pmrC, pmrA, and pmrB, which are associated with resistance to various antibiotics.
The Animal-foods-environment interface of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Germany: an observational study on pathogenicity, resistance development and the current situation.
The study identifies several AMR genes, including bla CTX-M-15, bla OXA-48, bla SHV-1, bla SHV-2, bla SHV-27, bla TEM-1, aac(3)-IIc, qnrS1, and mcr-1, in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from various non-human sources in Germany. Fluoroquinolone resistance was associated with mutations in GyrA and ParC.
High β-lactam resistance in Gram-negative bacteria associated with kennel cough and cat flu in Egypt.
The study identified various β-lactam resistance genes, including bla SHV, bla CTX-M, bla TEM, bla CMY, and bla ACT, as well as qnrS, which confer resistance to β-lactams and quinolones in Gram-negative bacteria associated with kennel cough and cat flu in Egypt.
Emerging carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae sequence type 16 causing multiple outbreaks in a tertiary hospital in southern Vietnam.
The study identifies carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae sequence type 16 causing multiple outbreaks in a hospital in Vietnam. Key AMR genes include blaOXA-181, blaOXA-48, and mutations in gyrA and parC contributing to fluoroquinolone resistance. Colistin resistance was due to disruption of the mgrB gene by an IS L3-like element.
Genome-wide genetic marker analysis and genotyping of Escherichia fergusonii strain OTSVEF-60.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Escherichia fergusonii strain OTSVEF-60, including aadA2, blaTEM-1, dfrA12, qnrS1, sul1, sul2, and tet(A), which confer resistance to aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, diaminopyrimidines, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines.
Detection of gyrA and parC Mutations and Prevalence of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae.
The study identified high levels of quinolone resistance in K. pneumoniae isolates from Baghdad, primarily due to mutations in gyrA and parC, along with the presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes such as aac(6')-Ib, qnrB, qnrS, and qepA.
Emergence of fosA3 and bla (CTX-M-) (14) in Multidrug-Resistant Citrobacter freundii Isolates From Flowers and the Retail Environment in China.
The study identifies fosA3 and bla CTX-M-14 in multidrug-resistant Citrobacter freundii isolates from flowers and retail environments in China, highlighting the role of untypable plasmids in the spread of these resistance genes.
Plasmid-Borne and Chromosomal ESBL/AmpC Genes in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Global Food Products.
The study identified several beta-lactamase genes, including bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-55, bla CTX-M-65, bla SHV-12, bla SHV-28, bla SHV-81, bla TEM-1B, bla TEM-52C, bla CARB-2, bla OXA-1, bla DHA-1, and bla CMY-2, along with other AMR genes such as aac(3)-IIa, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3')-Ib, aph(6)-Id, aadA1, aadA2, aph(4)-Ia, oqxA, oqxB, qnrB1, qnrS1, floR, sul2, sul1, tet(A), dfrA14, dfrA1, dfrA17, dfrA8, dfrA12, dfrA16, dfrA15, catB3, cmlA1, arr-2, and qnrB19, which confer resistance to various antibiotics in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from food products.
Detection of diverse carbapenem and multidrug resistance genes and high-risk strain types among carbapenem non-susceptible clinical isolates of target gram-negative bacteria in Kenya.
The study identified various carbapenemase genes (blaNDM-1, blaNDM-5, blaVIM-1, blaVIM-6, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-58, blaOXA-66, blaOXA-69, blaOXA-91, blaOXA-181, blaOXA-50) and other resistance genes (such as armA, rmtC, rmtF, aac(3)-I, aadA1, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3')-VI, aph(3')-Via, aph(6')-Id, mphE, msrE, mphA, ereA, dfrA1, dfrA12, dfrA14, dfrA17, dfrA20, sul1, sul2, tetB, tetD, tetG, tet39, qnrVC1, qnrS1, qnrB4, floR, catA1, catA2, catB3, catB7, cmlA1, cmlA5, arr-3, arr-2, sat2, acrF, mdtM, emrD, mexA, mexE, mexX, kdeA, oxa-10, oxa-395, oxa-396, oxa-846, adc-25, dha-1, act-16, cmY, ctx-m-15, shv-67, tem-1b) in carbapenem non-susceptible clinical isolates of gram-negative bacteria in Kenya, highlighting the diversity and prevalence of multidrug resistance.
Molecular investigation of an outbreak associated with total parenteral nutrition contaminated with NDM-producing Leclercia adecarboxylata.
The study identified NDM-1, TEM-1B, and SHV-12 carbapenemase genes along with various other AMR genes in Leclercia adecarboxylata isolates causing an outbreak linked to contaminated TPN.
Utility of whole-genome sequencing during an investigation of multiple foodborne outbreaks of Shigella sonnei.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in the Shigella sonnei outbreak strain, including blaCTX-M-15, qnrS1, strA, strB, dfrA1, tetA, and sul2, which conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, streptomycin, trimethoprim, tetracycline, and sulfamethoxazole.
Occurrence of plasmid mediated fluoroquinolone resistance genes amongst enteric bacteria isolated from human and animal sources in Delta State, Nigeria.
The study identified the presence of plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance (PMQR) genes, including qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, and qepA, in enteric bacteria from human and animal sources in Delta State, Nigeria. PMQR was more prevalent in animal-derived isolates compared to human-derived ones.
Wild Boars Carry Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase- and AmpC-Producing Escherichia coli.
Wild boars in Germany carry ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli, with bla CTX-M-1, bla SHV-12, and bla CMY-2 being the most common beta-lactamase genes. Additional resistance genes include sul1, sul2, sul3, dfrA1, dfrA5, dfrA14, dfrA17, tet(A), cmlA, floR, and qnrS.
High fecal carriage of bla(CTX-M), bla(CMY-2), and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes among healthy Korean people in a metagenomic analysis.
The study found high fecal carriage of bla(CTX-M), bla(CMY-2), and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes among healthy Korean individuals, highlighting the widespread presence of these resistance genes in the gut microbiome.
Institutional outbreak involving multiple clades of IMP-producing Enterobacter cloacae complex sequence type 78 at a cancer center in Tokyo, Japan.
The study identified multiple clades of IMP-producing Enterobacter cloacae complex sequence type 78 (ST78) strains causing an institutional outbreak. These strains carried blaIMP-1 and blaIMP-11 genes on IncHI2 and IncL/M plasmids, along with various other resistance genes such as aac(6')-IIc, qnrB6, fosA, sul1, and tet(B).
Analysis of antibiotic resistance phenotypes and genes of Escherichia coli from healthy swine in Guizhou, China.
The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolates from healthy swine in Guizhou, China, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug resistance, particularly for tetracycline, doxycycline, and sulfisoxazole. Key genes included blaTEM, blaCTX-M-9G, aac(3')-IV, aadA1, aadA2, floR, qnrS, oqxA, and mcr-1.
A Comparative Analysis of Aquatic and Polyethylene-Associated Antibiotic-Resistant Microbiota in the Mediterranean Sea.
The study found that polyethylene (PE) waste samples from both seawater and freshwater contained a higher number of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) compared to the corresponding water samples, highlighting the role of PE as a carrier of ARGs in the marine environment.
Genetic but No Phenotypic Associations between Biocide Tolerance and Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli from German Broiler Fattening Farms.
The study identified various AMR genes in E. coli isolates from German broiler farms, including beta-lactamases (blaTEM-1A, blaTEM-1B, blaTEM-1C, blaCTX-M-1, blaCMY-2), quinolone resistance genes (qnrB19, qnrS1), chloramphenicol resistance gene (cat1), tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetB), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2), dihydrofolate reductase genes (drfA1, drfA5, drfA14, drfA17), aminoglycoside resistance gene (aadA1), and efflux pump genes (sugEp, qacEΔ1, mdfA).
Epidemic HI2 Plasmids Mobilising the Carbapenemase Gene bla(IMP-4) in Australian Clinical Samples Identified in Multiple Sublineages of Escherichia coli ST216 Colonising Silver Gulls.
The study identifies epidemic HI2 plasmids harboring the carbapenemase gene bla(IMP-4) in multiple sublineages of Escherichia coli ST216 isolated from Australian silver gulls, highlighting the role of these plasmids in disseminating antibiotic resistance genes.
Occurrence of Multidrug Resistant Escherichia coli in Raw Meat and Cloaca Swabs in Poultry Processed in Slaughter Slabs in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
The study identified qnrS as a plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene in multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from poultry in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Clonal Clusters, Molecular Resistance Mechanisms and Virulence Factors of Gram-Negative Bacteria Isolated from Chronic Wounds in Ghana.
The study identified various AMR genes and mutations in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from chronic wounds in Ghana, including beta-lactamases, fosfomycin resistance genes, chloramphenicol resistance genes, aminoglycoside resistance genes, fluoroquinolone resistance genes, tetracycline resistance genes, sulfonamide resistance genes, trimethoprim resistance genes, and efflux pumps. Mutations in gyrA, parE, and parC were also found to contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance.
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile and ExPEC Virulence Potential in Commensal Escherichia coli of Multiple Sources.
The study identified several AMR genes, including blaCTX-M, mcr-1, and qnrS1, which confer resistance to cephalosporins, colistin, and fluoroquinolones, respectively, in commensal E. coli from various sources.
Antimicrobial drug resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica in commercial poultry value chain in Chitwan, Nepal.
The study identified high prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica isolates from poultry and environmental samples in Nepal, with tetA, QnrS, mefA, and VIM-1 genes detected.
Genomic Diversity and Virulence Potential of ESBL- and AmpC-β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Strains From Healthy Food Animals Across Europe.
The study identifies various ESBL and AmpC beta-lactamase genes, including bla SHV-12, bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-2, bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-15, bla TEM-52, and bla CMY-2, along with the mcr-1 gene conferring colistin resistance in E. coli isolates from food animals in Europe.
Genetic mechanisms and correlated risk factors of antimicrobial-resistant ESKAPEE pathogens isolated in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in ESKAPEE pathogens, including vanA, vanB, blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M, blaOXA, blaVEB, blaVIM, blaNDM, aac(6')-Ib, aadB, ermC, qnrS1, and gyrA mutations, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug resistance in these isolates.
Genomic Characterization of Salmonella enterica Isolates From Retail Meat in Beijing, China.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella enterica isolates from retail meat in Beijing, including beta-lactamases (blaCTX-M-55, blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-65), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac(6')-Iaa, aph(6)-Id, aph(3")-Ib), sulfonamide resistance gene (sul2), beta-lactamase (blaTEM-1B), quinolone resistance genes (qnrS1), and colistin resistance genes (mcr-1.1, mcr-9).
Antimicrobial Resistance Glides in the Sky-Free-Living Birds as a Reservoir of Resistant Escherichia coli With Zoonotic Potential.
The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in E. coli from free-living birds, highlighting the zoonotic potential of these resistant strains. Key findings include bla CTX-M-15, bla CMY-2, bla SHV-12, bla TEM-1B, qnrS1, qnrB19, mcr-1, fosA7, aac(3)-IIa, ant(3")-Ia, aph(3")-Ib, and aph(6)-Id, as well as mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE.
Limited and Strain-Specific Transcriptional and Growth Responses to Acquisition of a Multidrug Resistance Plasmid in Genetically Diverse Escherichia coli Lineages.
The study identified the ESBL plasmid pLL35 carrying blaCTX-M-15, TEM-112, and OXA-9, which conferred varying levels of cefotaxime resistance across different E. coli strains. The transcriptional response to plasmid acquisition was limited and strain-specific, with minimal global changes in gene expression.
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates from Animals in Greece.
The study identified several AMR genes in ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from animals in Greece, including bla CTX-M-1/15, bla TEM, aadA1, aadA2, aphA, strA, strB, sul1, sul2, sul3, dfrA1, dfrA5, dfrA7, dfrA12, dfrA14, dfrA15, dfrA17, dfrA19, mph, mrx, intI1, tnpISE cp1, qnrS, and qnrB.
Phylogenomic Investigation of Increasing Fluoroquinolone Resistance among Belgian Cases of Shigellosis between 2013 and 2018 Indicates Both Travel-Related Imports and Domestic Circulation.
The study identifies qnrS1, qnrB4, and qnrB19 genes as well as mutations in gyrA (S83L, D87N, D87G) and parC (S80I) and parE (S458A) associated with ciprofloxacin resistance in Shigella isolates from Belgium.
Prevalence and Characterization of Quinolone-Resistance Determinants in Escherichia coli Isolated from Food-Producing Animals and Animal-Derived Food in the Philippines.
The study identified qnrS1, qnrB4, and qnrA1 as plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in E. coli isolates from food-producing animals and animal-derived food in the Philippines. Additionally, several mutations in the QRDR regions of gyrA, parC, gyrB, and parE were found to confer resistance to quinolones.
Combining Functional Genomics and Whole-Genome Sequencing to Detect Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Bacterial Strains Co-Occurring Simultaneously in a Brazilian Hospital.
The study identified multiple beta-lactamase genes, including blaTEM-105, blaOXA-1, blaKPC-2, blaCTX-M-15, blaCMY-111, blaOXA-10, blaCTX-M-1, blaHYDRO, and blaBLP, along with qnrS1, aadC, and ermC, which confer resistance to beta-lactam, quinolone, aminoglycoside, and macrolide/lincosamide/streptogramin B antibiotics. These genes were found in various bacterial species and were validated through functional screening.
Whole genome sequence analysis of Shigella from Malawi identifies fluoroquinolone resistance.
The study identified the fluoroquinolone resistance determinant qnrS1 in Shigella isolates from Malawi, indicating the presence of acquirable fluoroquinolone resistance.
Multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae harboring extended spectrum β-lactamase encoding genes isolated from human septicemias.
The study identified multiple beta-lactamase genes including bla CTX-M-15, bla SHV-1, bla SHV-11, bla SHV-27, bla SHV-106, and bla TEM, along with carbapenemase genes bla KPC2/3 and bla OXA-48, contributing to multidrug resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from human septicemias.
Characterization of beta-lactam-resistant Escherichia coli from Australian fruit bats indicates anthropogenic origins.
The study identified various beta-lactam-resistant Escherichia coli strains from Australian fruit bats, highlighting the presence of multiple AMR genes such as bla TEM-1A, bla TEM-1B, bla CTX-M-27, bla NDM-5, and others, indicating anthropogenic origins of these resistant strains.
First Report of a Foodborne Salmonella enterica Serovar Gloucester (4:i:l,w) ST34 Strain Harboring bla (CTX-M-) (55) and qnrS Genes Located in IS26-Mediated Composite Transposon.
The study reports the first isolation of a Salmonella enterica serovar Gloucester strain from a ready-to-eat duck product in China that harbors the blaCTX-M-55 and qnrS1 genes, which confer resistance to cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, respectively.
Contribution of Different Mechanisms to Ciprofloxacin Resistance in Salmonella spp.
The study identifies several genes and mutations contributing to ciprofloxacin resistance in Salmonella, including parC T57S, gyrA mutations, and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes like oqxAB, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qnrS.
Evaluation of Metagenomic-Enabled Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance at a Conventional Wastewater Treatment Plant.
The study evaluated the resistome in a conventional wastewater treatment plant, identifying several antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) such as bla OXA-210, bla OXA-212, bla OXA-309, bla OXA-333, qnr S2, sul 1, sul 2, erm B, aac (6′)-Ib7, aac (6′)-Ib8, mph D, msr E, ade J, ade K, mex K, mtr A, sme R, oqx B, qac H, and others. These genes were found to confer resistance to various antibiotics, highlighting the importance of monitoring ARGs in wastewater treatment processes.
Mitigating Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Wastewater by Sequential Treatment with Novel Nanomaterials.
The study demonstrates the effectiveness of novel nanomaterials in reducing antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in wastewater, including bla CTXM, erm B, qnr S, sul 1, tet O, mec A, van A, and intI 1.
Novel Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Parameters Quantify the Exposure-Effect Relationship of Levofloxacin against Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli.
The study identifies qnrS1 as a plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene in Escherichia coli isolates, contributing to levofloxacin resistance. It also highlights the importance of considering dynamic exposure patterns in evaluating antibiotic effectiveness.
Genomics and Virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae Kpnu95 ST1412 Harboring a Novel Incf Plasmid Encoding Blactx-M-15 and Qnrs1 Causing Community Urinary Tract Infection.
The study identifies the bla CTX-M-15 and qnrS1 genes on a novel IncFIB(K) plasmid pKpnU95 in a multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST1412 strain causing community urinary tract infections. The plasmid contributes to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) phenotype and quinolone resistance.
Presence of β-Lactamase-producing Enterobacterales and Salmonella Isolates in Marine Mammals.
The study identified various β-lactamase genes, including bla CMY-2, bla TEM-1, bla SHV-33, bla SHV-11, bla CTX-M-15, bla OXA-1, and bla DHA-1, along with non-β-lactamase resistance genes such as sul2, strA, strB, tet(A), and sul1, in Enterobacterales and Salmonella isolates from marine mammals.
Presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes in non-typhoidal Salmonella strains with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones isolated from human salmonellosis in Gyeonggi-do, South Korea from 2016 to 2019.
The study identified PMQR genes such as qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, and aac(6')-Ib-cr in non-typhoidal Salmonella strains with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones.
Distribution of fluoroquinolone resistance determinants in Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates associated with bloodstream infections in China.
The study identified PMQR genes (aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS1, qnrB4, qnrB2, qnrB1) and mutations in the QRDRs of gyrA and parC as key contributors to fluoroquinolone resistance in CRKP isolates.
Destination shapes antibiotic resistance gene acquisitions, abundance increases, and diversity changes in Dutch travelers.
The study identifies the acquisition of various antibiotic resistance genes, including blaCTX-M, qnr, and mcr-1, in Dutch travelers after international travel, highlighting the impact of travel on the gut resistome.
The Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Microevolution Events That Favored the Success of the Highly Clonal Multidrug-Resistant Monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium Circulating in Europe.
The study identifies various AMR genes in the highly clonal multidrug-resistant monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium ST34, including beta-lactamases, sulfonamide resistance genes, tetracycline resistance genes, phenicol resistance genes, and polymyxin resistance genes.
Exploring antimicrobial resistance to beta-lactams, aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones in E. coli and K. pneumoniae using proteogenomics.
The study identifies several beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, and efflux pumps involved in resistance to beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones in E. coli and K. pneumoniae using proteogenomics.
Exploring antimicrobial resistance to beta-lactams, aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones in E. coli and K. pneumoniae using proteogenomics.
The study identifies several beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, and efflux pumps involved in resistance to beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones in E. coli and K. pneumoniae using proteogenomics.
Characterization of β-lactamase and quinolone resistant Clostridium perfringens recovered from broiler chickens with necrotic enteritis in Bangladesh.
The study identified β-lactamase genes (bla TEM, bla SHV, bla OXA) and quinolone resistance genes (qnrB, qnrS) in Clostridium perfringens isolates from broiler chickens with necrotic enteritis, indicating multidrug resistance.
Molecular characterization of fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli from broiler breeder farms.
The study identified mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE genes, as well as PMQR genes qnrS, qnrA, qnrB, and aac(6')-Ib-cr in fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli isolates from broiler breeder farms in Korea.
Antibiotic Resistant and Biofilm-Associated Escherichia coli Isolates from Diarrheic and Healthy Dogs.
The study identified several AMR genes in E. coli isolates from healthy and diarrheic dogs, including blaTEM-1, qnrB, qnrS, aac(6')-Ib-cr, tetA, tetB, dfrA, sul1, sul2, int1, and tn3. These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, trimethoprim, and sulfonamide.
Phenotypic and Genotypic Properties of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant, qnr-Carrying Escherichia coli Isolated from the German Food Chain in 2017.
The study identifies qnrS1 as the most prevalent qnr gene in fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli isolates from the German food chain in 2017. It also detects point mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE genes that contribute to increased fluoroquinolone resistance.
Phenotypic and Genotypic Properties of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant, qnr-Carrying Escherichia coli Isolated from the German Food Chain in 2017.
The study identifies qnrS1 as the most prevalent qnr gene in fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli isolates from the German food chain in 2017. It also detects point mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE genes that contribute to increased fluoroquinolone resistance.
Antimicrobial Resistance and Genomic Characterization of Two mcr-1-Harboring Foodborne Salmonella Isolates Recovered in China, 2016.
Two mcr-1-harboring Salmonella isolates, CFSA231 and CFSA629, were identified. The mcr-1 gene was found on an IncX4 plasmid in CFSA231 and on an IncHI2A/IncHI2 plasmid in CFSA629. A novel mcr-1 variant, mcr-1.19, was identified in CFSA629.
Antimicrobial resistance patterns among different Escherichia coli isolates in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
The study identified several beta-lactamase genes (blaCTX-M-1group, blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-2group, blaOXA-47, blaTEM, blaCMY-2) and the quinolone resistance gene qnrS in E. coli isolates from various sources in Saudi Arabia. These genes contribute to resistance against multiple antibiotics, highlighting the need for improved antimicrobial stewardship.
Wide Distribution and Specific Resistance Pattern to Third-Generation Cephalosporins of Enterobacter cloacae Complex Members in Humans and in the Environment in Guadeloupe (French West Indies).
The study identifies several AMR genes and mutations associated with third-generation cephalosporin resistance in Enterobacter cloacae complex, including blaACT-16, blaACT-15, blaACT-7, qnrB1, qnrB19, qnrS2, fosA, oqxA, oqxB, mdfA, and mutations in ampD.
Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes transfer among enteric bacteria isolated from human and animal sources.
The study identifies and characterizes plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes including qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA, demonstrating their transferability among enteric bacteria through conjugation and transformation.
Genomic evolution of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli.
The study identified several AMR genes in Escherichia coli isolates from different animal sources in Europe, including blaTEM-1B, qnrB19, qnrS1, sul1, sul2, sul3, tet(A), aadA1, and aph(6)-Id. These genes were associated with resistance to beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and aminoglycosides.
Genomic Epidemiology of Multidrug-Resistant Nontyphoidal Salmonella in Young Children Hospitalized for Gastroenteritis.
Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing and mcr-1-Positive Escherichia coli from the Gut Microbiota of Healthy Singaporeans.
The study identifies extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing and mcr-1-positive Escherichia coli from the gut microbiota of healthy Singaporeans, highlighting the presence of resistance genes such as bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-55, qnrS1, and mcr-1.
Emergence and Clonal Spread of CTX-M-65-Producing Escherichia coli From Retail Meat in Portugal.
The study identifies the blaCTX-M-65 gene in four multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from retail meat in Portugal, highlighting its chromosomal location and association with various resistance mechanisms.
Molecular Characterization of Cephalosporin and Fluoroquinolone Resistant Salmonella Choleraesuis Isolated from Patients with Systemic Salmonellosis in Thailand.
The study identified multiple ESBL genes, including bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-55, bla CMY-2, bla ACC-1, and bla TEM-1, along with PMQR genes such as qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, and aac(6′)-Ib-cr, contributing to resistance against cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones in Salmonella Choleraesuis isolates from Thailand.
High Prevalence of ESBL and Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Genes in Salmonella enterica Isolated from Retail Meats and Slaughterhouses in Egypt.
The study identified various ESBL and PMQR genes in Salmonella enterica isolates from retail meats and slaughterhouses in Egypt, highlighting their high prevalence and potential public health implications.
High β-Lactam and Quinolone Resistance of Enterobacteriaceae from the Respiratory Tract of Sheep and Goat with Respiratory Disease.
The study identified high β-lactam and quinolone resistance in Enterobacteriaceae from sheep and a goat with respiratory disease, highlighting the presence of bla TEM, bla SHV, bla CTX-M, and qnrS genes.
Genetic Features of Plasmid- and Chromosome-Mediated mcr-1 in Escherichia coli Isolates From Animal Organs With Lesions.
The study characterizes the mcr-1 gene and various other resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolates from animal organs with lesions, highlighting their multidrug resistance profiles and the genetic features of plasmids carrying these genes.
Antimicrobial Resistance and Whole-Genome Characterisation of High-Level Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Salmonella Enterica Serovar Kentucky ST 198 Strains Isolated from Human in Poland.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in high-level ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella Enterica serovar Kentucky ST198 strains isolated from humans in Poland, including blaTEM-1B, qnrS1, aac(3)-Id, aac(3)-IId, aac(6')-Iaa, aac(6')-Iid, aph(3")-Ib, aph(3")-Id, aadA1, sul1, dfrA1, and tetA, along with mutations in gyrA and parC that confer resistance to quinolones and beta-lactams.
Genomic Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Salmonella Serovars Derby and Rissen From the Pig Value Chain in Vietnam.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella serovars Derby and Rissen from Vietnam, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains along the pig value chain.
Characterization of Integrons and Quinolone Resistance in Clinical Escherichia coli Isolates in Mansoura City, Egypt.
The study reports the high prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes and integrons among clinical Escherichia coli isolates in Mansoura City, Egypt. The most prevalent PMQR genes were oqxAB, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qnrS.
Discerning the Antimicrobial Resistance, Virulence, and Phylogenetic Relatedness of Salmonella Isolates Across the Human, Poultry, and Food Materials Sources in Malaysia.
The study identified several AMR genes in Salmonella Enteritidis isolates from Malaysia, including aac(6')-ly, blaCMY-2, blaTEM-1, blaTEM-33, blaTEM-4, dfrA14, dfrA15, floR, qnrS1, qnrD1, sul1, sul2, strA, strB, tetA, and tetC. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as gentamicin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, sulfamethazine/trimethoprim, and tetracycline.
Multidrug-Resistant Lineage of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli ST182 With Serotype O169:H41 in Airline Waste.
The study identifies multidrug-resistant E. coli ST182 isolates from airline waste carrying genes such as blaCTX-M-15, qnrS1, aadA5, mphA, sul1, and dfrA17, along with the S83L mutation in gyrA, contributing to resistance against multiple antibiotics.
Occurrence of Colibacillosis in Broilers and Its Relationship With Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) Population Structure and Molecular Characteristics.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolates, including beta-lactamases (blaCMY-2, blaSHV-12, blaTEM-52, blaCTX-M-1), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac(3)-IV, aadA, strA, strB, aph(3')-Ib), sulfonamide resistance gene (sul1), tetracycline resistance genes (tet(A), tet(B)), trimethoprim resistance gene (dfrA), quinolone resistance genes (qnrS1, qnrS2, qnrB19), macrolide resistance genes (mph(A), mph(B)), and chloramphenicol resistance gene (catA1).
Occurrence of Colibacillosis in Broilers and Its Relationship With Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) Population Structure and Molecular Characteristics.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolates, including beta-lactamases (blaCMY-2, blaSHV-12, blaTEM-52, blaCTX-M-1), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac(3)-IV, aadA, strA, strB, aph(3')-Ib), sulfonamide resistance gene (sul1), tetracycline resistance genes (tet(A), tet(B)), trimethoprim resistance gene (dfrA), quinolone resistance genes (qnrS1, qnrS2, qnrB19), macrolide resistance genes (mph(A), mph(B)), and chloramphenicol resistance gene (catA1).
Antimicrobial Resistance and Comparative Genome Analysis of Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains Isolated in Egypt.
The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in the multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae strain KPE16, including bla NDM-1, bla CTX-M-15, and various aminoglycoside, sulfonamide, and tetracycline resistance genes. Additionally, chromosomal mutations in ompK36, ompK37, and acrR contribute to resistance.
Characterization of E. coli Isolates Producing Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase SHV-Variants from the Food Chain in Germany.
The study identified SHV-12 as the predominant beta-lactamase variant in E. coli isolates from the German food chain, primarily associated with poultry. It also characterized the genetic environments of blaSHV-12 on IncX3 and IncI1 plasmids, and noted the presence of the fluoroquinolone resistance gene qnrS1.
Whole-Genome Sequencing (WGS) of Carbapenem-Resistant K. pneumoniae Isolated in Long-Term Care Facilities in the Northern Italian Region.
The study identified various carbapenem-resistance genes including blaKPC-2, blaKPC-3, blaKPC-9, blaSHV-11, blaSHV-28, blaCTX-M-15, blaOXA-1, blaOXA-9, blaOXA-23, qnrS1, qnrB19, qnrB66, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and fosA in carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates from long-term care facilities in northern Italy.
Genotypic and Phenotypic Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles in Non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica Strains Isolated From Cambodian Informal Markets.
The study identified 17 unique AMR genes in 53% of the 81 S. enterica isolates, including genes encoding resistance to tetracycline, beta-lactam, sulfonamide, quinolone, aminoglycoside, phenicol, and trimethoprim.
Emergence of mcr-1-Harboring Salmonella enterica Serovar Sinstorf Type ST155 Isolated From Patients With Diarrhea in Jiangsu, China.
The study identifies mcr-1 as a colistin resistance gene in Salmonella enterica serovar Sinstorf, along with qnrS1, aac(6')-Ib-cr4, bla CTX-M-14, and bla CTX-M-55 contributing to quinolone and beta-lactam resistance. Mutations in gyrA and parC are linked to ciprofloxacin resistance.
Emergence of mcr-1-Harboring Salmonella enterica Serovar Sinstorf Type ST155 Isolated From Patients With Diarrhea in Jiangsu, China.
The study identifies mcr-1 as a colistin resistance gene in Salmonella enterica serovar Sinstorf, along with qnrS1, aac(6')-Ib-cr4, bla CTX-M-14, and bla CTX-M-55 contributing to quinolone and beta-lactam resistance. Mutations in gyrA and parC are linked to ciprofloxacin resistance.
Insight Into Whole Genome of Aeromonas veronii Isolated From Freshwater Fish by Resistome Analysis Reveal Extensively Antibiotic Resistant Traits.
The study identified 17 AMR genes in Aeromonas veronii isolates from tilapia, highlighting extensive antibiotic resistance traits, including resistance to beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, and others.
A genomic epidemiological study shows that prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in Enterobacterales is associated with the livestock host, as well as antimicrobial usage.
The study identified various AMR genes in Enterobacterales isolates from livestock, highlighting the association between AMR prevalence and antimicrobial usage, with pigs being a major reservoir of AMR genes.
Impact of target site mutations and plasmid associated resistance genes acquisition on resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii to fluoroquinolones.
The study identifies mutations in gyrA and parC genes, along with plasmid-encoded resistance genes such as qnrA, qnrS, aac(6')-Ib-cr, oqxA, and oqxB, as key contributors to fluoroquinolone resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates.
First Report of bla (IMP-4) and bla (SRT-2) Coproducing Serratia marcescens Clinical Isolate in China.
The study reports the first identification of a Serratia marcescens clinical isolate in China that produces both blaIMP-4 and blaSRT-2, along with other resistance genes such as aac(6')-Ic, qnrS1, and tet(41).
Genetic Comparison of ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli from Workers and Pigs at Vietnamese Pig Farms.
The study identified several ESBL genes, colistin resistance genes, and other AMR genes in ESBL-producing E. coli from pigs and pig farm workers in Vietnam. Key findings include the prevalence of bla CTX-M-55, bla CTX-M-14, and bla CTX-M-27, along with mcr-1 and mcr-3 for colistin resistance, and various other resistance genes for aminoglycosides, quinolones, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, macrolides, and sulfonamides.
Genetic Comparison of ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli from Workers and Pigs at Vietnamese Pig Farms.
The study identified several ESBL genes, colistin resistance genes, and other AMR genes in ESBL-producing E. coli from pigs and pig farm workers in Vietnam. Key findings include the prevalence of bla CTX-M-55, bla CTX-M-14, and bla CTX-M-27, along with mcr-1 and mcr-3 for colistin resistance, and various other resistance genes for aminoglycosides, quinolones, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, macrolides, and sulfonamides.
Transmission Dynamics of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Sequence Type 11 Strains Carrying Capsular Loci KL64 and rmpA/rmpA2 Genes.
The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in ST11-KL64 CRKP isolates, including bla KPC-2, rmtB, catA2, fosA, qnrS1, sul2, tet(A), aadA2, dfrA14, bla CTX-M-65, bla SHV-12, bla TEM-1B, iucABCD, iutA, rmpA2, and mutations in GyrA (S83I, D87G) and ParC (S80I).
Antibiotic resistance genes in layer farms and their correlation with environmental samples.
The study identified and quantified 13 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in layer manure, layer manure fertilizer, and soil samples from Guangdong Province, highlighting the high prevalence and abundance of these genes, particularly ermB, tetA, and sul2, and their potential environmental impact.
Whole-Genomic Analysis of NDM-5-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Recovered from an Urban River in China.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes, including bla NDM-5, bla OXA-10, and bla TEM-1B, in NDM-5-producing Enterobacteriaceae isolates from an urban river in China. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as carbapenems, cephalosporins, quinolones, and aminoglycosides.
Co-occurrence of Klebsiella variicola and Klebsiella pneumoniae Both Carrying bla (KPC) from a Respiratory Intensive Care Unit Patient.
The study identified Klebsiella variicola and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains carrying multiple resistance genes, including bla KPC-2, bla TEM-1A, bla LEN17, aadA16, arr-3, qnrB4, oqxA/B, dfrA27, sul1, tetD, fosA, qacEΔ1, bla CTX-M-3, bla TEM-1B, bla CTX-M-65, bla SHV-27, aac(6')-IIa, rmtB, aph(3')-Ia, aadA16, qnrS1, aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrB91, oqxA/B, mph(A), tet(A), fosA, dfrA27, and two copies of qacEΔ1-sul1.
Optimization of five qPCR protocols toward the detection and the quantification of antimicrobial resistance genes in environmental samples.
The study presents optimized qPCR protocols for detecting and quantifying five antimicrobial resistance genes (ermB, bla CTXM1-like, bla CMY-2, qnrA, and qnrS) in environmental samples, demonstrating their accuracy and reliability.
Stepwise Evolution of a Klebsiella pneumoniae Clone within a Host Leading to Increased Multidrug Resistance.
The study identifies the acquisition of multiple AMR genes and mutations in a Klebsiella pneumoniae clone, leading to increased multidrug resistance. Key findings include the role of blaCTX-M-14, aac(3)-Iid, tet(A), qnrS1, sul1, dfrA1, acrAB-TolC, ompK35, and mgrB in conferring resistance to various antibiotics, along with mutations in ramR that contribute to resistance.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Detection of Virulence-Associated Genes in Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Commercial Broilers.
The study identified several AMR genes in E. coli strains from commercial broilers, including bla CTX-M-1 and bla CTX-M-2 for cephalosporin resistance, qnrA, qnrB, qnrS for fluoroquinolone resistance, aac(6')-Ib-cr for fluoroquinolone and aminoglycoside resistance, tetA and tetB for tetracycline resistance, sul1 and sul2 for sulfonamide resistance, aadA for aminoglycoside resistance, dfrA and dfrB for trimethoprim resistance, and mcr1 and mcr2 for polymyxin resistance.
Characterization of Escherichia coli from Edible Insect Species: Detection of Shiga Toxin-Producing Isolate.
A single Escherichia coli isolate from edible insects was found to be resistant to tetracyclines, carrying the tet(B) gene. Another isolate carried the qnrS2 gene, which is associated with quinolone resistance.
Identification of CTX-M Type ESBL E. coli from Sheep and Their Abattoir Environment Using Whole-Genome Sequencing.
The study identified various CTX-M-type beta-lactamase genes, including bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-27, bla CTX-M-32, bla CTX-M-55, and bla CTX-M-65, as well as other beta-lactamase genes such as bla TEM-1, bla CARB-2, and bla CMY-2 in ESBL E. coli isolates from sheep and their abattoir environment. Additional AMR genes related to aminoglycosides, macrolides, phenicols, quinolones, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and trimethoprim were also detected.
Comparison of antimicrobial resistance and molecular characterization of Escherichia coli isolates from layer breeder farms in Korea.
The study identified several AMR genes in E. coli isolates from layer breeder farms in Korea, including bla TEM-1, tetA, tetB, qnrB, qnrS, sul1, sul2, aac(3)-II, and aac(6')-Ib. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, tetracyclines, quinolones, sulfonamides, and aminoglycosides.
Genome Sequencing Identifies Previously Unrecognized Klebsiella pneumoniae Outbreaks in Neonatal Intensive Care Units in the Philippines.
The study identified several AMR genes, including bla CTX-M-15, bla NDM-1, rmtC, aac(6')-Ib, aac(3)-II, aph(3′′)-Ib, oqxA, oqxB, qnrB1, qnrS1, sul1, sul2, and dfrA, which were associated with resistance to various antibiotics in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from the Philippines.
The molecular mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance found in rectal swab isolates of Enterobacterales from men undergoing a transrectal prostate biopsy: the rationale for targeted prophylaxis.
The study identifies qnrS as a plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene and various mutations in gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE that contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance in Enterobacterales isolates from men undergoing transrectal prostate biopsy.
Clinical outcomes, molecular epidemiology and resistance mechanisms of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from bloodstream infections from Qatar.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in MDR P. aeruginosa isolates from Qatar, including blaVIM, blaOXA-50, aac(6')-Ib, aadA, ant(2')-Ia, aph(3')-IIb, qnrS1, crpP, gyrA(T83I), parC(S83I), parE(A473V), pbp3(D350N, S357N), and ompK37(M70I, M128I). These resistance mechanisms contribute to the multidrug-resistant phenotype observed in the isolates.
Mechanisms of Resistance to Quinolones and Their Impact on Human and Animal Health
The paper discusses various mechanisms of quinolone resistance, including the role of qnr genes, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and efflux pumps like oqxAB and qepA. It highlights the importance of these resistance mechanisms in clinical settings and their implications for public health.
Extensive Drug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Isolated From Poultry and Humans: Prevalence and Molecular Determinants Behind the Co-resistance to Ciprofloxacin and Tigecycline.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations contributing to ciprofloxacin and tigecycline resistance in XDR Salmonella enterica isolates, including qepA, qnrS, qnrA, tet(A), and gyrA mutations. Overexpression of ramA was also linked to resistance.
Genomic comparisons of Escherichia coli ST131 from Australia.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes and mutations in Australian E. coli ST131 isolates, including bla CTX-M-15 and bla CTX-M-27 for beta-lactam resistance, aadA5, strA, strB, mphA, dfrA17, sul1, qacEΔ1, and chrA for resistance to aminoglycosides, macrolides, trimethoprim, sulfonamides, quaternary ammonium compounds, and chromate. Fluoroquinolone resistance mutations in gyrA and parC were also found.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Frequency of bla and qnr Genes in Salmonella enterica Isolated from Slaughtered Pigs.
The study identified the presence of bla TEM and bla CTX-M genes in 61.2% of Salmonella enterica isolates, along with qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS genes, contributing to antimicrobial resistance against β-lactams and fluoroquinolones.
Mutational Diversity in the Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions of Type-II Topoisomerases of Salmonella Serovars.
The study characterizes mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of type-II topoisomerases in various Salmonella serovars, highlighting the role of GyrA, GyrB, ParC, and ParE mutations in conferring ciprofloxacin resistance.
Mutational Diversity in the Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions of Type-II Topoisomerases of Salmonella Serovars.
The study characterizes mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of type-II topoisomerases in various Salmonella serovars, highlighting the role of GyrA, GyrB, ParC, and ParE mutations in conferring ciprofloxacin resistance.
Mutational Diversity in the Quinolone Resistance-Determining Regions of Type-II Topoisomerases of Salmonella Serovars.
The study characterizes mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) of type-II topoisomerases in various Salmonella serovars, highlighting the role of GyrA, GyrB, ParC, and ParE mutations in conferring ciprofloxacin resistance.
Whole-Genome Sequencing-Based Antimicrobial Resistance Characterization and Phylogenomic Investigation of 19 Multidrug-Resistant and Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Positive Escherichia coli Strains Collected From Hospital Patients in Benin in 2019.
The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in 19 ESBL-positive E. coli isolates from Benin, including bla CTX-M-15, bla OXA-1, bla TEM-1, aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS1, tet(B), sul2, and dfrA17, as well as mutations in parC and gyrA associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) among E. coli from aquatic environments in Bangladesh.
The study found a high prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes in E. coli from aquatic environments in Bangladesh, with qnrS being the most common. Other PMQR genes included aac(6')-lb-cr, oqxAB, qnrB, and qepA.
Performance evaluation of ozonation for removal of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and genes from hospital wastewater.
The study evaluated the effectiveness of ozonation in removing antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes from hospital wastewater, identifying several AMR genes including bla_tem, bla_ctx, bla_vim, sul1, and qnrS.
Impact of Carbapenem Heteroresistance Among Multidrug-Resistant ESBL/AmpC-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Clinical Isolates on Antibiotic Treatment in Experimentally Infected Mice.
Three IPM-heteroresistant strains of MDR ESBL/AmpC-producing K. pneumoniae were identified, which exhibited reduced expression of ompK36 and failed IPM therapy in a mouse model of peritonitis.
Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli From Aquaculture Farms and Their Environment in Zhanjiang, China.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in Escherichia coli isolates from aquaculture farms in Zhanjiang, China, including blaTEM, blaCIT, floR, OptrA, cmlA, aphA1, Sul2, oqxA, qnrS, and mcr1. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, chloramphenicol, florfenicol, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, quinolones, and colistin.
Surveillance of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in Sheltered dogs in the Kanto Region of Japan.
The study identified beta-lactamase genes (blaTEM, blaDHA-1, blaCTX-M-9 group CTX-M-14), quinolone-resistance protein genes (qnrB, qnrS), and mutations in quinolone-resistance-determining regions (gyrA and parC) in multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates from shelter dogs in the Kanto Region of Japan.
Proximity ligation strategy for the genomic reconstruction of microbial communities associated with the ectoparasite Caligus rogercresseyi.
The study identified four antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the microbiota of the sea louse Caligus rogercresseyi, including tet(35), QnrS2, catB9, and OXA-209, which confer resistance to tetracycline, quinolone, chloramphenicol, and beta-lactam antibiotics, respectively.
Developing Qualitative Plasmid DNA Reference Materials to Detect Mechanisms of Quinolone and Fluoroquinolone Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens.
The study developed 11 qualitative plasmid DNA reference materials for detecting quinolone and fluoroquinolone resistance mechanisms in foodborne pathogens. These materials were validated for genetic stability, homogeneity, and storage stability.
Plethora of Resistance Genes in Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria in Greece: No End to a Continuous Genetic Evolution.
The study identified a variety of resistance genes in carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, including bla KPC, bla NDM, bla VIM, and others, highlighting the complex genetic diversity of these pathogens.
Carbapenemase Production and Epidemiological Characteristics of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Western Chongqing, China.
The study identified bla KPC-2, bla NDM, bla TEM, bla SHV, bla CTX-M-9, bla DHA, qnrS, and aac(6')-Ib-cr as prevalent resistance genes in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in western Chongqing, China.
Occurrence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from clinical specimens in southwest Iran: a multicentral study.
The study identified the presence of qnrB, qnrA, and qnrS genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from southwest Iran, indicating plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance. These genes were found in 38.3% of the quinolone-resistant isolates.
Loads of Coliforms and Fecal Coliforms and Characterization of Thermotolerant Escherichia coli in Fresh Raw Milk Cheese.
The study identified antibiotic resistance genes blaSHV, blaCTX-M, qnrS, tet(A), and tet(B) in thermotolerant E. coli strains from raw milk cheese, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains and the need for monitoring antimicrobial resistance in food products.
Genome Informatics and Machine Learning-Based Identification of Antimicrobial Resistance-Encoding Features and Virulence Attributes in Escherichia coli Genomes Representing Globally Prevalent Lineages, Including High-Risk Clonal Complexes.
The study identified 247 AMR genes across 19 STs of E. coli, including beta-lactamases (ampC, blaTEM-4), quinolone resistance (qnrS1), sulfonamide resistance (sul1, sul2), and efflux pumps (emrE, floR).
A Genomic and Bioinformatics View of the Classification and Evolution of Morganella Species and Their Chromosomal Accessory Genetic Elements Harboring Antimicrobial Resistance Genes.
The study identified 88 acquired antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in 166 Morganella isolates, with a focus on tetracycline, aminoglycoside, sulfonamide, trimethoprim, and beta-lactam resistance genes. Key ARGs included blaKPC-2, blaNDM-1, aacA4, aadA5, dfrA17, catB3, arr-3, blaOXA-1, aacA4cr, mph(A), rmtB, sul2, floR, qnrS1, tetA, and ermB.
Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Whole Genome Sequencing Analysis of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) from Imported Foods in China during 2015-2021.
The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes in STEC and EPEC isolates from imported foods in China, including blaTEM-1B, tetA, tetB, catA1, cmlA1, aadA1, aph(4)-Ia, aac(3)-IV, aph(6)-Id, aph(3")-Ib, sul3, dfrA12, and qnrS1, which conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and ciprofloxacin.
River Biofilms Microbiome and Resistome Responses to Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents Containing Antibiotics.
The study identified various antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in river biofilms upstream and downstream of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), including qnrA, qnrS, mfsA, ermC, ermX, macB, mefA_10, cat, catB3, aadB, aph(3')-III, AAC(3)-Ib, bacA_1, blaPer-1, blaIMP, blaTEM, blaKPC, blaDHA, cblA, ermC, ermY, ermX, mdtL, cusF, copD, qacA, mecA, dfrF, arnA, sul1, sulA, vat(A), IS6100, ISS1N, Intl1, blaCTX-M, blaIMP, mefA_10, tolC, mdfF, acrA, dfrA27, aac(6')-IIa, vanA, intl3, and TTV. These genes were associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones, macrolides, chloramphenicol, aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, polymyxins, sulfonamides, and others. The study also found that the resistome composition varied between upstream and downstream sites, indicating the impact of WWTP effluents on the distribution of ARGs in river biofilms.
Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of a Hypervirulent Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST17-KL38 Clinical Isolate Harboring the Carbapenemase IMP-4.
The study identified the carbapenemase gene blaIMP-4 and the quinolone resistance gene qnrS1 in the hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate XH210, contributing to its multidrug resistance.
Antimicrobial resistance and population genomics of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in pig farms in mainland China.
The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates from pig farms in China, including ESBL genes, fluoroquinolone resistance genes, carbapenem resistance genes, and colistin resistance genes. It highlights the widespread presence of these resistance mechanisms and their potential to spread to human pathogens.
Genetic Characterization of Antibiotic Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Isolates From Bovine Animals and the Environment in Nigeria.
The study characterizes antibiotic resistance genes in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from bovine animals and the environment in Nigeria, identifying several beta-lactamase, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, qnr, sulfonamide, tetracycline, and trimethoprim resistance genes, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains.
Virulome and genome analyses identify associations between antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence factors in highly drug-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from veal calves.
The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in highly drug-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from veal calves, including blaCMY-2, blaCTX-M-15, mph(A), erm(B), aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS1, aadA5, aadA1, aph(3')-Ic, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3')-Ib, aph(6')-Id, sul1, sul2, tet(A), and tet(B). Additionally, mutations in gyrA (S83L, D87N) and parC (A56T) were found to contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance.
Genomic and antigenic diversity of colonizing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates mirrors that of invasive isolates in Blantyre, Malawi.
The study identified a high prevalence of ESBL-encoding genes, including blaCTX-M-15, sulII, aadA1-pm, qnrB, and qnrS, in colonizing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Blantyre, Malawi. These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics, including beta-lactams, sulfonamides, aminoglycosides, and quinolones.
Global population structure of the Serratia marcescens complex and identification of hospital-adapted lineages in the complex.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes and mutations in the Serratia marcescens complex, highlighting the presence of hospital-adapted lineages with a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. Key AMR genes include blaCTX-M, blaNDM, blaOXA, qnrS1, tet(A), aac(6')-Ib, mph(A), erm(B), aadA, floR, sul1, and dfrA12, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, macrolides, florfenicol, sulfonamides, and trimethoprim.
Global population structure of the Serratia marcescens complex and identification of hospital-adapted lineages in the complex.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes and mutations in the Serratia marcescens complex, highlighting the presence of hospital-adapted lineages with a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. Key AMR genes include blaCTX-M, blaNDM, blaOXA, qnrS1, tet(A), aac(6')-Ib, mph(A), erm(B), aadA, floR, sul1, and dfrA12, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, macrolides, florfenicol, sulfonamides, and trimethoprim.
Metagenomic Approaches Reveal Strain Profiling and Genotyping of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Hospitalized Patients in China.
The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, including blaKPC-2, blaKPC-3, blaSHV-11, CTX-M, qnrS1, and tet(A), which confer resistance to carbapenems, beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines.
Establishment of Epidemiological Cut-Off Values and the Distribution of Resistance Genes in Aeromonas hydrophila and Aeromonas veronii Isolated from Aquatic Animals.
The study identified several tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetB, tetD, tetE), florfenicol resistance gene (floR), chloramphenicol resistance gene (cat), quinolone resistance gene (qnrS), and aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac(6')-1b, strA-strB) in Aeromonas hydrophila and Aeromonas veronii isolates from aquatic animals.
The Use of Long-Read Sequencing Technologies in Infection Control: Horizontal Transfer of a bla(CTX-M-27) Containing lncFII Plasmid in a Patient Screening Sample.
The study identifies the horizontal transfer of a bla(CTX-M-27) containing lncFII plasmid between an Escherichia coli and a Klebsiella quasipneumoniae isolate, highlighting the role of plasmid-mediated resistance in multidrug-resistant bacteria.
Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance (PMQR) in Two Clinical Strains of Salmonella enterica Serovar Corvallis.
Public health implications of plasmid-mediated quinolone and aminoglycoside resistance genes in Escherichia coli inhabiting a major anthropogenic river of India.
The study identified plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene qnrS1 and aminoglycoside resistance genes strA-strB, aphA1, and aacC2 in E. coli isolates from a major Indian river. These genes were found to be located on conjugative plasmids, highlighting their potential for horizontal gene transfer.
Use of genomics to explore AMR persistence in an outdoor pig farm with low antimicrobial usage.
The study identified various AMR genes in E. coli isolates from a low antimicrobial usage pig farm, highlighting the persistence of multidrug-resistant strains despite minimal selective pressure.
IncFIB-4.1 and IncFIB-4.2 Single-Replicon Plasmids: Small Backbones with Large Accessory Regions.
The study characterizes several AMR genes and mutations in IncFIB-4.1 and IncFIB-4.2 plasmids, highlighting their role in conferring resistance to various antibiotics.
Antimicrobial resistance determinants in silage.
The study identified 16 antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in silage samples, highlighting their potential to spread through the food chain and contribute to antimicrobial resistance.
Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Complex From Clinical Dogs and Cats in China: Molecular Characteristics, Phylogroups, and Hypervirulence-Associated Determinants.
The study identified multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae complex isolates from clinical dogs and cats in China, highlighting the presence of various AMR genes such as bla SHV, bla CTX-M, bla NDM-5, aac(6')Ib-cr, qnrB, qnrS, oqxAB, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3')-Ib, bla OXA, bla DHA, bla LEN, and bla OKP.
Phenotypic and molecular characterization of β-lactamase and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in Klebsiella oxytoca isolated from slaughtered pigs in Thailand.
The study identified bla CTX-M, bla TEM, and qnrS as the primary resistance genes in Klebsiella oxytoca isolates from slaughtered pigs in Thailand, with bla CTX-M being the most prevalent.
Community Fecal Carriage and Molecular Epidemiology of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase- and Carbapenemase-Producing Escherichia coli from Healthy Children in the Central South China.
The study identified various extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes, including bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-27, and others, as well as the carbapenemase gene bla NDM-1 in Escherichia coli isolates from healthy children in China. Additionally, the colistin resistance gene mcr-1 was detected in one ESBL-EC isolate.
Drinking water chlorination has minor effects on the intestinal flora and resistomes of Bangladeshi children.
The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the gut microbiome of Bangladeshi children, including bla CTX-M, mph(A), qnrS1, mdf(A), tet(A), sul2, aadA5, tet(X), erm(X), nimE, dfrA17, bla TEM, and ant(6’)-Ia. These genes were associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as third-generation cephalosporins, azithromycin, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, streptomycin, spectinomycin, macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramin B, nitroimidazoles, trimethoprim, penicillins, and aminoglycosides.
Analysis of Antimicrobial Resistance in Non-typhoidal Salmonella Collected From Pork Retail Outlets and Slaughterhouses in Vietnam Using Whole Genome Sequencing.
The study identified several AMR genes in non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from pork retail outlets and slaughterhouses in Vietnam, including blaTEM-1, blaTEM-150, blaLAP-2, blaCTX-M-55, dfrA12, dfrA14, floR, cmlA1, tetA, tetB, tetM, mcr-1, mcr-3, qnrS1, mphA, aadA1, aadA2, aac(6')-laa, aac(6')-ly, sul1, sul2, sul3, aph(3")-lb, and aph6-ld. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, penicillins, first-generation cephalosporins, quinolones, trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, colistin, macrolides, gentamicin, sulfonamides, and others.
Identifying the Sources of Intestinal Colonization With Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in Healthy Infants in the Community.
The study identifies several AMR genes, including blaCTX-M-15, qnrS1, ermB, aadA1, aph(3')-Ib, aph(6)-Id, dfrA1, catA1, aadA2, dfrA5, dfrA12, qnrS13, aac(6')-Ib-cr5, blaTEM-1, blaOXA-1, sul1, and dfrA17, associated with ESBL-Ec in children, mothers, and drinking water in rural Bangladesh.
Identifying the Sources of Intestinal Colonization With Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in Healthy Infants in the Community.
The study identifies several AMR genes, including blaCTX-M-15, qnrS1, ermB, aadA1, aph(3')-Ib, aph(6)-Id, dfrA1, catA1, aadA2, dfrA5, dfrA12, qnrS13, aac(6')-Ib-cr5, blaTEM-1, blaOXA-1, sul1, and dfrA17, associated with ESBL-Ec in children, mothers, and drinking water in rural Bangladesh.
Extended-Spectrum ß-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Among Humans, Beef Cattle, and Abattoir Environments in Nigeria.
The study identified bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-14, and bla CTX-M-55 genes as the primary extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes in Escherichia coli isolates from humans, beef cattle, and abattoir environments in Nigeria. Additionally, the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene qnrS1 and the plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene mcr-1.1 were detected.
Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Enterobacter hormaechei Carrying qnrS Gene Isolated from Chicken Feed in China.
The study identified a multidrug-resistant Enterobacter hormaechei strain M1 carrying the qnrS1 and blaTEM-1 genes, which conferred resistance to various antibiotics including quinolones and beta-lactams.
Comparison of Two Distinct Subpopulations of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST16 Co-Occurring in a Single Patient.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes and mutations in Klebsiella pneumoniae ST16 isolates, including bla NDM-4, bla OXA-181, and a frameshift mutation in acrR, contributing to carbapenem and fluoroquinolone resistance.
An Outbreak of ST859-K19 Carbapenem-Resistant Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Chinese Teaching Hospital.
The study reports an outbreak of ST859-K19 carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-hvKP) in a Chinese hospital, identifying several resistance and virulence genes, including blaKPC-2, blaTEM-1B, blaSHV-187, rmtB, qnrS1, fosA6, and various virulence factors.
Transmission of Klebsiella strains and plasmids within and between grey-headed flying fox colonies.
The study identified the qnrS1 gene in a plasmid from a Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate, which confers resistance to fluoroquinolones. The plasmid showed high similarity to a human-derived plasmid, indicating potential gene flow between flying fox and human isolates.
Prevalence, Characteristics, and Clonal Distribution of Escherichia coli Carrying Mobilized Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-1.1 in Swine Farms and Their Differences According to Swine Production Stages.
The study identified the mobilized colistin resistance gene mcr-1.1 in Escherichia coli isolates from swine farms, highlighting its prevalence and association with multidrug resistance.
Submarine Outfalls of Treated Wastewater Effluents are Sources of Extensively- and Multidrug-Resistant KPC- and OXA-48-Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Coastal Marine Environment.
The study identified extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and multidrug-resistant (MDR) KPC- and OXA-48-producing Enterobacteriaceae in coastal marine environments, highlighting the presence of various AMR genes including bla KPC-2, bla OXA-48, and others.
Molecular Characterization of ESBLs and QnrS Producers From Selected Enterobacteriaceae Strains Isolated From Commercial Poultry Production Systems in Kiambu County, Kenya.
The study identified several ESBL genes (bla TEM, bla CTX-M, bla OXA, bla SHV) and the QnrS gene in Enterobacteriaceae isolates from commercial poultry in Kenya, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria in poultry production systems.
KPC-3-, GES-5-, and VIM-1-Producing Enterobacterales Isolated from Urban Ponds.
The study identified bla KPC-3, bla GES-5, and bla VIM genes in various Enterobacterales isolates from urban ponds, highlighting their role in carbapenem resistance.
Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates in Kenya by Whole-Genome Sequencing.
The study identified several AMR genes in K. pneumoniae isolates from Kenya, including blaCTX-M-15, blaTEM-181, blaOXA-181, blaNDM-1, mcr-8, armA, rmtF, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aph(3")-ib, aph(6)-id, dfrA, sul2, qnrB, tetA, and catII, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, carbapenems, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, and chloramphenicol.
Genomic dissection of Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in hospital patients reveals insights into an opportunistic pathogen.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes and mutations in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, including bla CTX-M-15, bla IMP-4, bla OXA-48, qnrB1, qnrS1, aac(6')-Ib-cr, rmtB, aac(6')-Ib4, aadA2, ant(2")-Ia, ermB, arr-2, dfrA14, sul2, and sul1, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as cephalosporins, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and sulfonamides.
Plasmid-Mediated Fluoroquinolone Resistance Genes in Quinolone-Susceptible Aeromonas spp. Phenotypes Isolated From Recreational Surface Freshwater Reservoir.
The study identified plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone resistance (PMQR) genes, specifically qnrS, qnrA, and qnrD, in quinolone-susceptible Aeromonas spp. isolates from a freshwater reservoir. These genes were detected in 42% of the isolates, highlighting the potential for resistance gene dissemination in aquatic environments.
RETRACTED: Isolation and molecular characterization of extended spectrum beta lactamase producing Escherichia coli from chicken meat in Pakistan.
The study identified several AMR genes including blaOXA-1, blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M15, QnrS, TetA, AAC, AAD, Sul1, and Sul2 in E. coli isolates from chicken meat in Pakistan. Mutations in blaOXA-1 (H81Q), blaTEM-1 (C108Y, T214A, K284E, P301S), QnrS (H95R), and Sul2 (E66A) were also detected.
Molecular Analysis With 16S rRNA PCR/Sanger Sequencing and Molecular Antibiogram Performed on DNA Extracted From Valve Improve Diagnosis and Targeted Therapy of Infective Endocarditis: A Prospective Study.
The study highlights the effectiveness of molecular analysis (MA) combined with molecular antibiogram in improving the diagnosis and targeted therapy of infective endocarditis (IE), particularly in blood culture-negative cases. It shows that molecular antibiogram has high concordance with traditional antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) and can identify resistance genes such as aadA1, aacC1, AAC(6)-Ib-cr, QnrS, CTX-M-1 Group, SHV, KPC, and tetA.
Cross-Sectional Survey of Antibiotic Resistance in Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Isolated from Pigs in Greece.
The study identified a high prevalence of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Greek pigs, with a focus on resistance mechanisms involving bla CTX-M1/15, bla TEM, and bla SHV genes, as well as resistance to fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, trimethoprim, macrolides, and colistin.
Characterization of the First Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudocitrobacter faecalis Harboring bla(OXA-181) in China.
The study identified the first carbapenem-resistant Pseudocitrobacter faecalis strain in China, harboring the blaOXA-181 gene on an IncX3 plasmid, along with the qnrS1 gene, which contribute to resistance against carbapenems and quinolones.
Companion Animals as Potential Reservoirs of Antibiotic Resistant Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Shandong, China.
The study identified several AMR genes in E. coli isolates from companion animals in Shandong, China, including blaCTX-M, blaSHV, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qnrS, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains and the potential reservoir role of companion animals in AMR dissemination.
Prevalence and Molecular Characterisation of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli, from Cattle Farm to Aquatic Environments.
The study identified several AMR genes, including sul1, sul2, bla OXA, bla CTX-M, bla TEM, and qnrS, in ESBL-producing STEC isolates from cattle farms and aquatic environments.
Sink survey to investigate multidrug resistance pattern of common foodborne bacteria from wholesale chicken markets in Dhaka city of Bangladesh.
The study identified bla TEM, qnrS, and mecA genes in foodborne bacteria from wholesale chicken markets in Dhaka, Bangladesh, indicating high levels of multidrug resistance.
Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance Mechanisms in Third-Generation Cephalosporin and Ciprofloxacin Resistant Salmonella Isolates from Livestock Meat and Human Diarrhea Patients
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations associated with third-generation cephalosporin and ciprofloxacin resistance in Salmonella isolates from livestock meat and human diarrhea patients.
Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance Mechanisms in Third-Generation Cephalosporin and Ciprofloxacin Resistant Salmonella Isolates from Livestock Meat and Human Diarrhea Patients
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations associated with third-generation cephalosporin and ciprofloxacin resistance in Salmonella isolates from livestock meat and human diarrhea patients.
OXA-244-Producing ST131 Escherichia coli From Surface and Groundwaters of Pavia Urban Area (Po Plain, Northern Italy).
The study identified OXA-244-producing ST131 Escherichia coli in surface and groundwater samples from Pavia, Italy. Key resistance genes included bla CTX-M-type, bla OXA-244, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qnrS.
Molecular Characterization of Antibiotic Resistance and Genetic Diversity of Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains.
The study identified qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, and gyrA mutations as key contributors to quinolone resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates.
Occurrence of antibiotics and bacterial resistance genes in wastewater: resistance mechanisms and antimicrobial resistance control approaches.
The study identifies several AMR genes and mutations associated with resistance to various antibiotics in wastewater environments, highlighting the role of these genes in the spread of antimicrobial resistance.
Occurrence of antibiotics and bacterial resistance genes in wastewater: resistance mechanisms and antimicrobial resistance control approaches.
The study identifies several AMR genes and mutations associated with resistance to various antibiotics in wastewater environments, highlighting the role of these genes in the spread of antimicrobial resistance.
Longitudinal study on background lesions in broiler breeder flocks and their progeny, and genomic characterisation of Escherichia coli.
The study identified several AMR genes in E. coli isolates, including mdfA, sitABCD, blaTEM1B, sul2, dfrA1, tet(A), aadA1, and qnrS1, which conferred resistance to multidrug, beta-lactams, sulfonamides, trimethoprim, tetracycline, aminoglycosides, and quinolones.
Frequent convergence of mcr-9 and carbapenemase genes in Enterobacter cloacae complex driven by epidemic plasmids and host incompatibility.
The study identifies the frequent convergence of mcr-9 and carbapenemase genes in Enterobacter cloacae complex, highlighting the role of epidemic plasmids in their dissemination.
First Report of bla (CTX-M-167), bla (SHV-1), and bla (TEM-1B) Carrying Klebsiella pneumonia Showing High-Level Resistance to Carbapenems.
The study identifies the first report of a carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain carrying bla CTX-M-167, bla TEM-1B, and bla SHV-1, along with other resistance genes such as qnrS1, aac(6')-1b-cr, aadA16, tet(A), fosA, sul1, and mph(A).
Genomic Investigation of Proteus mirabilis Isolates Recovered From Pig Farms in Zhejiang Province, China.
The study identified 91 antimicrobial resistance genes in 30 Proteus mirabilis isolates from pig farms in Zhejiang, China, including genes encoding resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, and fluoroquinolones.
Genome Analysis of ESBL-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Pigs.
The study identified several AMR genes in ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from pigs, including blaCTX-M-15, aminoglycoside resistance genes, qnrS1, and mcr-1, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains with potential implications for human health.
Multidrug-Resistant Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Diarrhoeic Calves, Milk, and Workers in Dairy Farms: A Potential Public Health Risk.
The study identified multiple AMR genes, including bla TEM, bla SHV, bla CTX-M-1, qnrA, qnrS, and bla VIM, in multidrug-resistant EPEC isolates from diarrhoeic calves, milk, and workers in Egyptian dairy farms.
Molecular characterization of extended spectrum cephalosporin resistant Escherichia coli isolated from livestock and in-contact humans in Southeast Nigeria.
The study identified four variants of bla CTX-M (CTX-M-15, CTX-M-55, CTX-M-64, and CTX-M-65) in extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli from livestock and in-contact humans in Southeast Nigeria. Other AMR genes such as bla TEM-1b, aac 3-IId, qnr S1, and sul 2 were also characterized.
Molecular characterization of extended spectrum cephalosporin resistant Escherichia coli isolated from livestock and in-contact humans in Southeast Nigeria.
The study identified four variants of bla CTX-M (CTX-M-15, CTX-M-55, CTX-M-64, and CTX-M-65) in extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli from livestock and in-contact humans in Southeast Nigeria. Other AMR genes such as bla TEM-1b, aac 3-IId, qnr S1, and sul 2 were also characterized.
Serotype Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Salmonella enterica Isolates From Freshwater Turtles Sold for Human Consumption in Wet Markets in Hong Kong.
The study identifies the multidrug-resistance gene cfr for the first time in Salmonella, highlighting the expansion of the cfr reservoir and potential horizontal spread to other bacteria. It also detects various AMR genes such as floR, sul2, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3”)-Ib, aph(6)-Id, aac(6')-Ib-cr, bla CMY−2, bla TEM−1, qnrS1, erm(B), mph(E), msr(E), qepA8, arr-3, sul1, dfrA12, dfrA27, tet(A), tet(D), catB3, aadA16, aac(3)-IV, aph(4)-Ia, aadA2, and fosA7.
Within-farm dynamics of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in dairy cattle: Resistance profiles and molecular characterization by long-read whole-genome sequencing.
The study identified multiple ESBL-encoding genes, including bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-27, bla CTX-M-32, and bla SHV-12, as well as carbapenemase gene bla NDM-1, in ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from dairy cattle farms. These genes were associated with resistance to various beta-lactam antibiotics. Additionally, several other AMR genes such as aadA2, ant(3")-Ia, aph(3')-Ia, dfrA12, sul3, cmlA1, and others were identified, contributing to resistance against aminoglycosides, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, and chloramphenicol. Mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE were linked to fluoroquinolone resistance.
Antibiotic resistance genes of public health importance in livestock and humans in an informal urban community in Nepal.
The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes, including bla SHV-1, QnrS, ermC, tetA, tetB, aacC2, and aadA1, in various sources such as humans, animals, and water in an urban informal settlement in Nepal.
Genomic surveillance of Salmonella spp. in the Philippines during 2013-2014.
The study characterized various AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella isolates from the Philippines, highlighting the presence of ESBL genes, plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes, and mutations in gyrA and parC associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Genetic context of bla (CTX-M-55) and qnrS1 genes in a foodborne Salmonella enterica serotype Saintpaul isolate from China.
The study identifies the bla CTX-M-55 and qnrS1 genes in a multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Saintpaul isolate from China, highlighting their location on a transferable IncHI2 plasmid and their role in conferring resistance to cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones.
Tigecycline-resistant Escherichia coli ST761 carrying tet(X4) in a pig farm, China.
The study identifies tet(X4) as a major cause of tigecycline resistance in E. coli ST761 isolates from a pig farm in China. The gene is located on a hybrid plasmid and is part of a multidrug resistance region that includes other resistance genes such as blaTEM-1, tet(A), tet(M), floR, qnrS1, sul3, dfrA5, and mef(B).
Molecular characterization of multi drug resistant Escherichia coli isolates at a tertiary hospital in Abuja, Nigeria.
The study identified several AMR genes in multi-drug resistant E. coli isolates, including bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-27, bla CTX-M-65, bla OXA-1, bla OXA-2, bla CMY-2, bla NDM-1, bla NDM-5, aac(3)-IId, aac(3)-IIe, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aad A5, ant(2′′)-Ia, aph(3′′)-Ib, aph(3′′)-VI, aph(6)-Id, ermB, ermD, fosA3, fosA7, mdtM, emrD, sul1, sul2, sul3, tetA, tetB, tetM, dfrA1, dfrA7, dfrA8, dfrA12, dfrA14, dfrA17, dfrA82, dfrB4, qepA, qepA1, qepA2, qepA4, qnrB19, qnrS1, qacE, catA1, catA2, catB3, cmlA1, mphA.
Molecular epidemiology and carbapenem resistance characteristics of Acinetobacter baumannii causing bloodstream infection from 2009 to 2018 in northwest China.
The study identified multiple carbapenem resistance genes, including blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-72, along with other resistance mechanisms such as 16S rRNA methylase armA and aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes. The AdeABC efflux pump was also found to contribute to carbapenem resistance.
Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria: Their Mechanism of Action and Prophylaxis.
The paper reviews the mechanisms of multidrug resistance in bacteria, focusing on resistance mechanisms such as beta-lactamases, vancomycin resistance genes, and other resistance determinants in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Characterization of Carbapenemase-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates from Two Romanian Hospitals Co-Presenting Resistance and Heteroresistance to Colistin.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes and mutations in carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, including bla NDM-1, bla OXA-48, and various aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, as well as mutations in mgrB, gyrA, parC, and porin genes associated with colistin and fluoroquinolone resistance.
Investigation of In Vitro Susceptibility and Resistance Mechanisms in Skin Pathogens: Perspectives for Fluoroquinolone Therapy in Canine Pyoderma.
The study identified chromosomal mutations in gyrA, grlA, and parC, as well as PMQR genes aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS, and qnrB, which contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance in canine skin pathogens.
Clonal Dissemination of Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporin-Resistant Enterobacterales between Dogs and Humans in Households and Animal Shelters of Romania.
The study identified bla CTX-M, bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-15, qnrS, and aac-(6')-lb-cr as the primary AMR genes in ESC-R Enterobacterales isolated from dogs and humans in Romania.
Occurrence of Antimicrobial-Resistant Escherichia coli in Marine Mammals of the North and Baltic Seas: Sentinels for Human Health.
The study identified antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in marine mammals from the North and Baltic Seas, highlighting the presence of resistance genes such as blaTEM, strA, strB, aadA1, sul1, sul2, tet(A), tet(B), tet(D), qnrS, floR, catA1, blaOXA-1-like, blaSHV, and blaCMY-2.
Epidemiology, Mechanisms of Resistance and Treatment Algorithm for Infections Due to Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria: An Expert Panel Opinion.
The paper discusses the mechanisms of resistance in carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, highlighting the role of various beta-lactamases such as blaOXA-51, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24, blaOXA-48, blaKPC, blaNDM, blaVIM, and blaIMP, as well as aminoglycoside modifying enzymes like aac(6')-Ib and aadA, and quinolone resistance genes such as qnrS1.
Exposure to Veterinary Antibiotics via Food Chain Disrupts Gut Microbiota and Drives Increased Escherichia coli Virulence and Drug Resistance in Young Adults.
The study found that exposure to veterinary antibiotics via the food chain leads to increased drug resistance and virulence in Escherichia coli, with the identification of multiple resistance genes such as cmlA, tetA, ctx-M1, and various multidrug efflux pump genes.
Phage-Plasmids Spread Antibiotic Resistance Genes through Infection and Lysogenic Conversion.
Phage-plasmids (P-Ps) carry a variety of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, and carbapenemases. These genes are often located in integrons and are associated with transposable elements. P-Ps can be induced by mitomycin C and can transfer resistance genes through lysogenic conversion.
Characterization of extended-spectrum cephalosporins and fluoroquinolone resistance of a Salmonella enterica serovar Thompson isolate from ready-to-eat pork product in China.
The study identifies the presence of bla CMY−2, qnrS1, and qepA8 genes on an IncA/C plasmid in a multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Thompson isolate from a ready-to-eat pork product in China, highlighting the role of conjugative plasmids in the spread of extended-spectrum cephalosporin and fluoroquinolone resistance.
Resistance and virulence features of hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae from bloodstream infections: Results of a nationwide Italian surveillance study.
The study identified various AMR genes in hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, including bla KPC-3, bla KPC-2, CMY-16, CTX-M-15, bla SHV-2, bla DHA-1, bla CTX-M-65, qnr, aadA1, aac(6')-Ib, sul1, dfrA1, mph(A), erm(B), floR, and fosA3. These genes conferred resistance to multiple antibiotics, including carbapenems, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, trimethoprim, macrolides, and fosfomycin.
Acquisition of genomic elements were pivotal for the success of Escherichia coli ST410
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in Escherichia coli ST410, including bla OXA-181, bla NDM-5, bla CTX-M-15, and mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE that confer resistance to carbapenems, cephalosporins, penicillins, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, trimethoprim, and fluoroquinolones.
Quantitative Risk Assessment of Susceptible and Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Salmonella from Retail Pork in Chiang Mai Province in Northern Thailand.
The study identified qnrS as a plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene in ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella isolates from retail pork in Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Genome-associations of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase producing (ESBL) or AmpC producing E. coli in small and medium pig farms from Khon Kaen province, Thailand.
The study identifies various AMR genes in ESBL and/or AmpC-producing E. coli from small and medium pig farms in Thailand, highlighting the co-occurrence of resistance genes conferring resistance to critically important antimicrobials.
Genome-associations of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase producing (ESBL) or AmpC producing E. coli in small and medium pig farms from Khon Kaen province, Thailand.
The study identifies various AMR genes in ESBL and/or AmpC-producing E. coli from small and medium pig farms in Thailand, highlighting the co-occurrence of resistance genes conferring resistance to critically important antimicrobials.
Epidemiological links and antimicrobial resistance of clinical Salmonella enterica ST198 isolates: a nationwide microbial population genomic study in Switzerland.
The study identifies several AMR genes and mutations associated with ciprofloxacin resistance in Salmonella enterica ST198 isolates, including aac(3)-Id, aadA7, bla TEM-1b, sul1, tetA, qnrB1, qnrS1, bla CTX-M-14b, bla VEB-8, and bla OXA-48. Additionally, inactivating mutations in ramR and acrB were found to contribute to high-level ciprofloxacin resistance.
Clinical carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates simultaneously harboring bla (NDM-1), bla (OXA) types and qnrS genes from the Kingdom of Bahrain: Resistance profile and genetic environment.
The study identified bla NDM-1, bla OXA-48, bla OXA-51, bla OXA-23, and qnrS genes in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from Bahrain, highlighting the complexity of resistance mechanisms and the need for improved surveillance and infection control.
First report of Klebsiella pneumoniae co-producing OXA-181, CTX-M-55, and MCR-8 isolated from the patient with bacteremia.
The study reports the first isolation of a Klebsiella pneumoniae strain co-producing OXA-181, CTX-M-55, and MCR-8, highlighting the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains with resistance to carbapenems and colistin.
Whole genome sequencing and characteristics of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli isolated from poultry farms in Banaskantha, India.
The study identified multiple extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes, including bla TEM, bla SHV, bla OXA, and bla CTX-M subtypes, along with plasmid-mediated AMR genes such as qnrS1, tetA, dfrA14, sul2, aph(3")-lb, aph(6)-ld, and Aph(3')-la in ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from poultry farms in India.
Genomic Analysis and Molecular Characteristics in Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains.
The study identified several AMR genes, including bla KPC-2, bla SHV-11, bla TEM-1, CTX-M, qnrS, oqxB1, sul1, sul2, int1, iutA, and rmpA2, in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains.
Occurrence of Pseudomonas lactis and Pseudomonas paralactis Amongst Non-Lactose-Fermenting Bacterial Isolates in Chickens and Their Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns.
The study identified Pseudomonas lactis and Pseudomonas paralactis in chicken fecal samples and characterized their antimicrobial resistance genes including aac(6')-lb-cr, blaCTX-M, blaSHV, and qnrS.
Multistate reptile- and amphibian-associated salmonellosis outbreaks in humans, United States, 2009-2018.
The study identified various AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella isolates from multistate reptile- and amphibian-associated salmonellosis outbreaks in the United States, including bla CMY-2, qnrB19, qnrS1, bla TEM-116, bla TEM-1C, bla TEM-1B, aadA1, aadA2, aph(3")-Ib, aph(6)-Id, dfrA12, sul1, sul3, floR, tet(A), and sul2, which conferred resistance to multiple antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline.
Whole-Genome Sequencing-Based Species Classification, Multilocus Sequence Typing, and Antimicrobial Resistance Mechanism Analysis of the Enterobacter cloacae Complex in Southern China.
The study identified 80 antibiotic resistance genes in 172 Enterobacter cloacae complex isolates, with a focus on beta-lactamases, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones. Key genes included blaACT-2, blaACT-3, blaACT-6, blaACT-9, blaACT-12, blaTEM-1D, blaCTX-M-3, blaSHV-12, blaNDM-1, blaNDM-5, blaIMP-1, blaIMP-4, blaIMP-26, blaKPC-2, qnrS2, qnrE1, aac(6')-Ib, aac(6')-IIc, aph(3')-Ib, aph(6)-Id, aadA, sul2, dfrA12, tetA, ereA, floR, catA2, mcr-10, arr-6, and fosA3.
Genomic Characterization of an Extensively Drug-Resistant Extra-Intestinal Pathogenic (ExPEC) Escherichia coli Clinical Isolate Co-Producing Two Carbapenemases and a 16S rRNA Methylase.
The study describes an extensively drug-resistant (XDR) E. coli ST361 isolate co-carrying bla KPC-3, bla NDM-5, and various other resistance genes on multiple plasmids, showing resistance to nearly all antibiotics except tigecycline, colistin, and fosfomycin.
Aquatic Environments as Hotspots of Transferable Low-Level Quinolone Resistance and Their Potential Contribution to High-Level Quinolone Resistance.
The paper discusses the role of qnr genes in mediating low-level quinolone resistance in aquatic environments and their potential contribution to high-level resistance when combined with chromosomal mutations or efflux pumps.
Genomic Study of Chromosomally and Plasmid-Mediated Multidrug Resistance and Virulence Determinants in Klebsiella Pneumoniae Isolates Obtained from a Tertiary Hospital in Al-Kharj, KSA.
The study identified several AMR genes in K. pneumoniae isolates, including blaOXA-1, blaCTX-M-3, blaOXA-232, catB3, aac(6')-Ib-cr, dfrA14, IntI1, IS1, RepE, qnrB4, qnrB55, qnrS1, aph(3")-Ib, sul2, aadA2, SHV-190, SHV-26, SHV-11, tet(A), fosA, OqxA, and OqxB, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, trimethoprim, quinolones, sulfonamides, and fosfomycin.
Identification of KPC-112 from an ST15 Klebsiella pneumoniae Strain Conferring Resistance to Ceftazidime-Avibactam.
The study identifies a novel KPC variant, KPC-112, which confers resistance to ceftazidime-avibactam. Additionally, various other resistance genes and mutations were characterized, contributing to multidrug resistance in the isolate.
Emergence of Extensively Drug-Resistant and Hypervirulent KL2-ST65 Klebsiella pneumoniae Harboring bla(KPC-3) in Beijing, China.
The study identifies the emergence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and hypervirulent KL2-ST65 Klebsiella pneumoniae in Beijing, China, harboring the blaKPC-3 gene, which confers resistance to carbapenems, cephalosporins, and penicillins. Additionally, the blaCTX-M-3 gene was detected, contributing to resistance against cephalosporins. Other resistance genes such as blaOXA-1, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qnrS1 were also identified, providing resistance to penicillins, aminoglycosides, and quinolones, respectively.
Detection and characterization of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and additional co-existence with mcr genes from river water in northern Thailand.
The study identified ESBL-producing E. coli in river water in northern Thailand, with bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-55, bla CTX-M-14, and bla CTX-M-27 being the most prevalent beta-lactamase genes. Additionally, mcr-1.1 and mcr-3.4 genes were found to confer resistance to colistin. Various other resistance genes were also characterized, including aac(3)-IId, aadA5, ant(3″)-Ia, aph(3″)-Ib, aph(6)-Id, aac(6′)-Ib-cr, qnrS1, mdf(A), erm(B), mph(A), floR, sul2, sul3, tet(A), tet(X), tet(M), dfrA12, dfrA14, dfrA17, cmlA1, catA2, lnu(F), and erm(42).
Non-lactose fermenting Escherichia coli: Following in the footsteps of lactose fermenting E. coli high-risk clones.
The study identified multidrug-resistant (MDR) non-lactose fermenting Escherichia coli (NLF E. coli) isolates carrying various AMR genes such as bla CTX-M-15, bla NDM-1, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qnrS1. Mutations in gyrA and parC were associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Antimicrobial resistance: mechanisms and implications
The review discusses various molecular mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, tetracycline resistance genes, and efflux pumps, highlighting their roles in conferring resistance to multiple antibiotics.
Establishing a marine monitoring programme to assess antibiotic resistance: A case study from the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region.
The study identified several AMR genes in E. coli isolates from the GCC marine environment, including bla TEM-1, bla CTX-M-15, qnrS1, tet, sul, and dfr, which conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole, and trimethoprim.
The hazard of carbapenemase (OXA-181)-producing Escherichia coli spreading in pig and veal calf holdings in Italy in the genomics era: Risk of spill over and spill back between humans and animals.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes, including bla OXA-181, bla TEM-1B, aac (3)-IId, aad A2, cml A1, dfr A12, mef (B), sul 3, tet (A), tet (M), incX3, incX1, incFII, qnr S1, aph (3″)-Ib, aph (6)-Id, flo R, lnu (F), sul 2, sul 3, tet (B), mph (A), mph (G), qnr B4, rmt B, and fos A3, in OXA-181-producing E. coli isolates from pigs and bovines in Italy. These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics, including carbapenems, cephalosporins, penicillins, aminoglycosides, trimethoprim, macrolides, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, and fosfomycin.
The hazard of carbapenemase (OXA-181)-producing Escherichia coli spreading in pig and veal calf holdings in Italy in the genomics era: Risk of spill over and spill back between humans and animals.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes, including bla OXA-181, bla TEM-1B, aac (3)-IId, aad A2, cml A1, dfr A12, mef (B), sul 3, tet (A), tet (M), incX3, incX1, incFII, qnr S1, aph (3″)-Ib, aph (6)-Id, flo R, lnu (F), sul 2, sul 3, tet (B), mph (A), mph (G), qnr B4, rmt B, and fos A3, in OXA-181-producing E. coli isolates from pigs and bovines in Italy. These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics, including carbapenems, cephalosporins, penicillins, aminoglycosides, trimethoprim, macrolides, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, and fosfomycin.
Coexistence of Multidrug Resistance and Virulence in a Single Conjugative Plasmid from a Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolate of Sequence Type 25.
The study identifies a conjugative plasmid pCY814036-iucA carrying multidrug resistance genes and virulence factors, and another plasmid pCY814036-KPC2 harboring bla KPC-2 and rmtB, contributing to carbapenem resistance and hypervirulence in a Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate.
Molecular Epidemiology of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Tertiary Hospital in Northern China.
The study identified bla KPC-2, bla GES, bla NDM-1, and bla IMP as the main carbapenemase genes in CRKP isolates. Additionally, various ESBL genes, aminoglycoside resistance genes, and PMQR genes were detected.
Molecular Epidemiology of Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Profiles of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Vibrio spp. Isolated from Coastal Seawater for Aquaculture.
The study identified several AMR genes, including blaTEM, tetA, qnrS, strA, and floR, in Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Vibrio spp. isolates from coastal seawater in Thailand. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, tetracycline, fluoroquinolones, streptomycin, and chloramphenicol.
Intestinal colonization with ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in healthy rural villager: A genomic surveillance study in China, 2015-2017.
The study identified multiple ESBL genes, including bla TEM-1B, bla CTX-M-14, and bla SHV-11, along with other resistance genes such as qnrS1, sul1, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aadA16, aph(3')-Ib, tet(A), and mcr-1, contributing to multidrug resistance in ESBL-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from healthy rural villagers in China.
Genomic Characterization of ESBL/AmpC-Producing Escherichia coli in Stray Dogs Sheltered in Yangzhou, China.
The study identified several beta-lactamase genes, including bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-55, and others, along with additional resistance genes such as tet(A), qnrS1, and oqxAB, contributing to multidrug resistance in ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli isolated from stray dogs in Yangzhou, China.
Molecular characterization of extended-spectrum cephalosporin and fluoroquinolone resistance genes in Salmonella and Shigella isolated from clinical specimens in Thailand.
The study identified extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) genes such as bla CTX-M-15, bla TEM-1, and bla CMY-2, along with quinolone resistance genes like qnrS and aac(6')-Ib-cr, in Salmonella and Shigella isolates from Thailand. Mutations in gyrA and parC genes were also found to contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance.
Molecular and Clinical Characteristics of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates at a Tertiary Hospital in Wuhan, China.
The study identified multiple carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) isolates carrying various resistance genes, including blaKPC-1, blaCTX-M-65, blaTEM-1, blaSHV-182, rmtB, aadA2, APH(3')-Ia, sul1, sul2, QnrS1, mphA, FosA6, floR, and tet(A). These genes confer resistance to carbapenems, beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, fosfomycin, chloramphenicol, and tetracyclines.
Whole Genome-Based Characterization of Multidrug Resistant Enterobacter and Klebsiella aerogenes Isolates from Lebanon.
The study identified several AMR genes, including blaNDM-1, blaACT-16, blaACT-7, blaCTX-M-15, blaOXA-1, blaOXA-181, blaOXA-48, and qnrS1, in multidrug-resistant Enterobacter and Klebsiella aerogenes isolates from Lebanon.
Genetic Diversity and New Sequence Types of Escherichia coli Coharboring β-Lactamases and PMQR Genes Isolated from Domestic Dogs in Central Panama.
The study identified blaTEM-1, qnrS, and qnrB genes in E. coli isolates from domestic dogs in Panama, along with mutations in the AmpC gene promoter regions contributing to resistance.
Molluscs-A ticking microbial bomb.
The paper discusses the presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in bivalve molluscs, highlighting the spread of resistance to various antibiotics such as colistin, beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines. It emphasizes the role of bivalve aquacultures in the dissemination of ARGs and the potential risks to human health through the food chain.
An ST131 clade and a phylogroup A clade bearing an O101-like O-antigen cluster predominate among bloodstream Escherichia coli isolates from South-West Nigeria hospitals.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in bloodstream E. coli isolates from South-West Nigeria, including bla CTX-M-15, dfrA, dfrB, and various quinolone resistance genes. Mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE were also associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae Causing Neonatal Bloodstream Infections: Emergence of NDM-1-Producing Hypervirulent ST11-K2 and ST15-K54 Strains Possessing pLVPK-Associated Markers.
The study identifies NDM-1 and NDM-5 carbapenemases, aac(6')-ib, qnrS1, oqxA, oqxB, rmpA, rmpA2, iroBCDEN, iucABCDiutA, and peg-344 as key AMR and virulence factors in hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae strains causing neonatal bloodstream infections.
Antibacterial efficacy of indigenous Pakistani honey against extensively drug-resistant clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi: an alternative option to combat antimicrobial resistance.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes, including blaCTX-M-15, blaTEM-1, qnrS, qnrA, qnrB, Sul1, and pltB, in XDR S. Typhi isolates. Indigenous Pakistani honeys, particularly beri and neem honey, show potent antibacterial activity against these isolates.
In silico analyses of diversity and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance genes and mobile genetics elements, for plasmids of enteric pathogens.
The study identifies a diverse array of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes across various plasmid replicon types in enteric pathogens, highlighting the prevalence of resistance genes in plasmids such as IncHI2, IncN, IncA/C, IncP, IncHI1, and IncFIA. Key AMR genes include aac(3)-IId, aac(3)-IIg, aac(6')-Ib3, aadA1, aadA5, aph(3'')-Ib, bla CMY-2, bla CTX-M-27, bla NDM-1, mcr-9.1, and others, which confer resistance to antibiotics such as gentamicin, cephalosporins, carbapenems, colistin, and tetracycline.
Aeromonas hydrophila ST251 and Aeromonas dhakensis are major emerging pathogens of striped catfish in Vietnam.
The study identifies antibiotic resistance genes such as sul1, dfrA1, tetA, qnrS2, aac(6')-Ib4, arr-2, blaAQU, blaOXA-726, cphA3, and cepH in Aeromonas dhakensis and Aeromonas hydrophila isolates from striped catfish in Vietnam, highlighting the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains.
Epidemiology and Genetic Characteristics of Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli in Chinese Intensive Care Unit Analyzed by Whole-Genome Sequencing: a Prospective Observational Study.
The study identified bla KPC-2 and bla NDM-5 as the main carbapenem resistance genes in carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CREC) isolates. Additionally, various other resistance genes were detected, including extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (CTX-M-14, CTX-M-15, CTX-M-27, CTX-M-3, OXA-1, OXA-10, TEM-1), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac(3)-IId, aac(3)-Iva, aac(6′)-Ib-AKT, aac(6′)-Ib-D181Y, aadA1, aadA2, aadA5, aph(3″)-Ib, aph(3′)-Ia, aph(4)-Ia, aph(6)-Id), quinolone resistance genes (qnrS1, qnrS2), tetracycline resistance genes (oqxA10, oqxB17), fosfomycin resistance gene (fosA3), and chloramphenicol resistance genes (cmlA1, cmlA5).
Epidemiology and Genetic Characteristics of Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli in Chinese Intensive Care Unit Analyzed by Whole-Genome Sequencing: a Prospective Observational Study.
The study identified bla KPC-2 and bla NDM-5 as the main carbapenem resistance genes in carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CREC) isolates. Additionally, various other resistance genes were detected, including extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (CTX-M-14, CTX-M-15, CTX-M-27, CTX-M-3, OXA-1, OXA-10, TEM-1), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac(3)-IId, aac(3)-Iva, aac(6′)-Ib-AKT, aac(6′)-Ib-D181Y, aadA1, aadA2, aadA5, aph(3″)-Ib, aph(3′)-Ia, aph(4)-Ia, aph(6)-Id), quinolone resistance genes (qnrS1, qnrS2), tetracycline resistance genes (oqxA10, oqxB17), fosfomycin resistance gene (fosA3), and chloramphenicol resistance genes (cmlA1, cmlA5).
Genomic characterization of two carbapenem-resistant Serratia marcescens isolates causing bacteremia: Emergence of KPC-2-encoding IncR plasmids.
Two carbapenem-resistant Serratia marcescens isolates were found to carry blaKPC-2 on IncR plasmids, along with additional resistance genes such as qnrS1, aac6'-Ic, and blaCTX-M-14.
Characterization of Extensively Drug-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Kentucky Sequence Type 198 Isolates from Chicken Meat Products in Xuancheng, China.
Extensively drug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky ST198 isolates from chicken meat products in Xuancheng, China, were characterized. These isolates carried multiple resistance genes, including bla CTX-M-55, bla TEM-1B, aac(3)-IId, aadA17, rmtB, tet(A), floR, lnu(F), arr-2, qnrS1, sul1, mph(A), and fosA3, and mutations in gyrA (S83F, D87N) and parC (S80I), leading to resistance against several antimicrobial agents.
Quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli at the interface between humans, poultry and their shared environment- a potential public health risk.
The study identified qnrS1, qnrB19, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and mcr-1.1 as significant quinolone and colistin resistance genes in E. coli isolates from humans, poultry, and the environment in Abuja, Nigeria. Additionally, specific mutations in gyrA, parC, parE, and pmrB were linked to quinolone and colistin resistance.
Emergence of colistin resistance and characterization of antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors of Aeromonas hydrophila, Salmonella spp., and Vibrio cholerae isolated from hybrid red tilapia cage culture.
The study identified several AMR genes in Aeromonas hydrophila, Salmonella spp., and Vibrio cholerae isolated from hybrid red tilapia. Notably, mcr-3 was found in A. hydrophila, and qnrS, tetA, blaTEM, and floR were prevalent in Salmonella spp. No colistin resistance genes were detected in V. cholerae.
Fluoroquinolone-resistance mechanisms and molecular epidemiology of ciprofloxacin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Iran.
The study identified plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes (qnrS, qnrD, qnrB, qnrA, qepA, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qnrC) and target site mutations in gyrA (S83I) and parC (S129A, A141V) as key mechanisms of ciprofloxacin resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Iran.
Multidrug-resistant extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli from farm produce and agricultural environments in Edo State, Nigeria.
The study identified various AMR genes in ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from agricultural farms and open markets in Edo State, Nigeria, including blaTEM, blaCTX-M-1, blaCTX-M-15, tetM, tetA, tetB, sul1, sul2, sul3, ant(4')-Ia, aacC(3)-1, qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrS, cat::pC194, cat::pC221, intI1, and intI2. These genes conferred resistance to multiple antibiotics, indicating the presence of multidrug-resistant E. coli in the studied environments.
Bacterial profile, antimicrobial resistance, and molecular detection of ESBL and quinolone resistance gene of uropathogens causing urinary tract infection in the southeastern part of Bangladesh.
The study identified ESBL genes bla CTX-M-15 and bla TEM, as well as quinolone resistance genes qnr S, aac-6'-Ib-cr, and gyr A in uropathogens causing urinary tract infections in Bangladesh.
Epidemiological characteristics, virulence potential, antimicrobial resistance profiles, and phylogenetic analysis of Aeromonas caviae isolated from extra-intestinal infections.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Aeromonas caviae isolates from extra-intestinal infections, including blaMOX, blaPER-3, blaOXA, blaNDM, blaCphA, qnrS2, qnrVC, aac(6')-Ib-cr, tet(A), tet(E), tet(31), dfrA1, dfrA12, dfrA14, dfrA15b, floR, catB3, catII, and catI, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as cephalosporins, carbapenems, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, trimethoprim, and chloramphenicol.
Detection of antimicrobial resistance genes in Lactobacillus spp. from poultry probiotic products and their horizontal transfer among Escherichia coli.
The study identified antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in Lactobacillus spp. from poultry probiotic products, including bla TEM, bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-2, qnr S, tet A, and tet B. These genes were horizontally transferred to E. coli during co-culture, highlighting the potential risk of AMR spread in poultry populations.
Multidrug-resistant Aeromonas bacteria prevalence in Nile tilapia broodstock.
The study identified multidrug-resistant Aeromonas hydrophila strains in Nile tilapia broodstock, with resistance genes sul1, tetA, qnrs, and ermB detected in the isolates.
Analysis of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes (ARGs) in Enterobacterales and A. baumannii Clinical Strains Colonizing a Single Italian Patient.
The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes in Enterobacterales and A. baumannii clinical strains from a single patient, highlighting the presence of blaNDM-1, qnrS1, aadA1, strA-strB, sul2, tet(J), catA1, blaACT-15, blaTEM-1B, dfrA14, oqxB, fosA, blaLEN-22, blaOXA-23, blaADC-25, blaOXA-66, armA, mph(E), msr(E), and tetB, indicating multidrug resistance and potential for horizontal gene transfer.
Antimicrobial Resistance Linked to Septic System Contamination in the Indiana Lake Michigan Watershed.
The study identified several beta-lactam resistance genes, including CMY-2, bla CTX-M-1-15, bla CTX-M-9-14, bla SHV-2, bla KPC, and qnrS, in E. coli isolates from septic-contaminated water bodies, highlighting the role of septic effluent in spreading antimicrobial resistance.
Prevalence and Characterization of Salmonella Isolated from Chickens in Anhui, China.
The study identified several AMR genes in Salmonella isolates from chickens in Anhui, China, including blaTEM, blaCMY-2, aadA, strA, aph(3')-IIa, aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrB, qnrS, sul1, sul2, tetA, tetB, cat1, and floR. These genes were associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, cephalosporins, streptomycin, gentamicin, amikacin, fluoroquinolones, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and florfenicol.
Detection of antibiotic-resistant canine origin Escherichia coli and the synergistic effect of magnolol in reducing the resistance of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli.
The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes in canine-derived E. coli, including blaTEM-1, aac(6')-Ib-cr, TetA, Sul, blaCTX-M-1, QnrS, and TetM. It also demonstrated that magnolol enhances the susceptibility of multidrug-resistant E. coli to cefquinome.
First Report of OXA-181-Producing Enterobacterales Isolates in Latin America.
The study reports the first identification of OXA-181-producing Enterobacterales isolates in Peru, highlighting the presence of the blaOXA-181 gene and the qnrS1 gene on IncX3-type plasmids, contributing to multidrug resistance.
Foodborne Outbreak of Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase Producing Shigella sonnei Associated with Contaminated Spring Onions in the United Kingdom.
The study identified an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Shigella sonnei associated with contaminated spring onions. The outbreak strain carried the blaCTX-M-15 and qnrS1 genes, which conferred resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, respectively.
Characterization of cephalosporin and fluoroquinolone resistant Enterobacterales from Irish farm waste by whole genome sequencing.
The study identified several beta-lactamase genes (bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-15, bla CMY-2, bla SHV-12, and bla ACT-14) and a quinolone resistance gene (qnr S1) associated with cephalosporin and fluoroquinolone resistance in Enterobacterales from Irish farm waste. Additionally, mutations in gyr A, par C, and par E were linked to fluoroquinolone resistance.
High frequency of NDM-1 and OXA-48 carbapenemase genes among Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in central Iran.
The study identified high frequencies of bla TEM, bla CTX-M1, bla SHV, bla CTX-M15, bla CIT, bla CMY-2, bla NDM, bla OXA-48, qnrB, qnrS, qnrA, tetA, tetB, sul1, sul2, int1, and int2 genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from central Iran, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug-resistant and carbapenem-resistant strains.
Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Aerosols: Baseline from Kuwait.
The study identified various antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in indoor and outdoor aerosols, with beta-lactamases being the most dominant. Key genes included IMP-2-group, Per-2-group, OXA-54, QnrS, and OXA-55, which confer resistance to carbapenems, penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and other beta-lactam antibiotics.
Antimicrobial resistance and genomic characterization of Salmonella enterica isolates from chicken meat.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella enterica isolates from chicken meat, including aminoglycoside, beta-lactam, quinolone, tetracycline, sulfonamide, and phenicol resistance genes. These genes were detected using whole genome sequencing and correlated with phenotypic resistance profiles.
Genome profiling of uropathogenic E. coli from strictly defined community-acquired UTI in paediatric patients: a multicentric study.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in E. coli isolates from pediatric UTI cases, including bla CTX-M-15, bla NDM-5, bla OXA-1, and others, highlighting the presence of high-risk clones like ST131 and ST167.
Genetic characterization of ESBL-producing and ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli from Belgian broilers and pigs.
The study identified various ESBL genes such as bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-32, bla CTX-M-15, bla SHV-12, bla TEM-52C, and bla TEM-52B, as well as PMQR genes like qnrS1 and qnrB19, in ESBL-producing and ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli from Belgian broilers and pigs. Additionally, colistin resistance genes mcr-1.1, mcr-2.1, and mcr-9 were detected. Mutations in gyrA (S83L, D87N) and parC (S80I) were strongly associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Ceftriaxone resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A identified in a case of enteric fever: first case report from Pakistan.
A Nationwide Genomic Study of Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae Carrying bla(OXA-232) and rmtF in China.
The study characterizes the AMR genes blaOXA-232 and rmtF in OXA-232-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in China, along with other resistance genes such as blaCTX-M-15, blaTEM-1B, aacA4'-17, aadA2, arr-2, qnrB1, and qnrS1. Mutations in gyrA and parC contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance.
Phenotypic and Genotypic Characteristics of Antimicrobial Resistance in Citrobacter freundii Isolated from Domestic Ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) in Bangladesh.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in Citrobacter freundii isolates from domestic ducks in Bangladesh, including beta-lactamases (bla TEM-1, bla CMY-2, bla CMY-9, bla CTX-M-14), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2), tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetB), fluoroquinolone resistance genes (qnrA, qnrB, qnrS), and an aminoglycoside resistance gene (aacC4).
Occurrence of High-Risk Clonal Lineages ST58, ST69, ST224, and ST410 among Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated from Healthy Free-Range Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) in a Rural Region in Tunisia.
The study identified high-risk clonal lineages ST58, ST69, ST224, and ST410 among ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from free-range chickens in Tunisia. Key AMR genes included bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-55, aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS, qnrB, tetB, tetA, sul1, sul2, and mcr-2.
Investigating Possible Interspecies Communication of Plasmids Associated with Transfer of Third-Generation Cephalosporin, Quinolone, and Colistin Resistance Between Simultaneously Isolated Escherichia Coli and Klebsiella Pneumoniae.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates, including bla CTX-M-14, qnrS1, mcr-1.1, and others, highlighting the role of plasmids in the transfer of resistance genes between species.
Virotyping and genetic antimicrobial susceptibility testing of porcine ETEC/STEC strains and associated plasmid types.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in porcine ETEC/STEC strains, including beta-lactamases (blaTEM-1A, blaTEM-1B, blaTEM-106), polymyxin resistance genes (mcr-1.1, mcr-2.1, mcr-5.1), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac(3)-IId, aac(3)-IV, aac(3)-IVa, aph(3')-Ia, aadA1, aadA10, aadA12), florfenicol resistance gene (floR), tetracycline resistance genes (tet(A), tet(B)), quinolone resistance gene (qnrS1), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance genes (dfrA1, dfrA5, dfrA12, dfrA14, dfrA36).
Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes detected in Ciprofloxacin non-susceptible Escherichia coli and Klebsiella isolated from children under five years at hospital discharge, Kenya.
The study identified plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes, including aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrB, qnrS, and qepA, in Ciprofloxacin non-susceptible Escherichia coli and Klebsiella isolates from children in Kenya. The qepA gene was reported for the first time in clinical isolates in Kenya.
Plasmid-mediated colistin resistance among human clinical Enterobacterales isolates: national surveillance in the Czech Republic.
The study identified mcr-1, mcr-4, and mcr-9 genes in colistin-resistant Enterobacterales isolates from the Czech Republic, highlighting their association with plasmid-mediated resistance and multidrug resistance features.
Molecular Characterization of Extensively Drug Resistant Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi Clinical Isolates from Lahore, Pakistan.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in XDR Salmonella Typhi isolates from Lahore, Pakistan, including blaTEM-1, catA1, sul1, dhfR7, qnrS, gyrA, gyrB, parC, parE, blaCTX-M-U, blaCTX-M-1, and blaCTX-M-15, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, fluoroquinolones, and third-generation cephalosporins.
Extensively Drug-Resistant Shigella flexneri 2a, California, USA, 2022
The study identifies multiple AMR genes in an extensively drug-resistant Shigella flexneri 2a isolate, including blaCTX-M-15, blaOXA-1, mph(A), qnrS1, tet(B), dfrA17, sul1, and gyrA D87N+S83L, which contribute to resistance against various antibiotics. Whole-genome sequencing confirmed the presence of these genes and guided effective treatment with fosfomycin.
Molecular epidemiology of enterically colonizing Escherichia coli with resistance against third-generation cephalosporins isolated from stool samples of European soldiers with concomitant diarrhea on deployment in Western African Mali.
The study identified bla CTX-M-15 and bla TEM-1b as the primary genes responsible for third-generation cephalosporin resistance in E. coli isolates from European soldiers in Mali. Additionally, several quinolone resistance genes including qnrS1, gyrA S83L, gyrA D87N, parE S458T, parE S458A, and parC S80I were found. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance was mediated by sul1, sul2, dfrA1, dfrA5, dfrA14, and dfrA17. Gentamicin resistance was associated with aph6-Id, aph3-Ib, aac3-IId, aadA5, and aac6-Ib-cr5. Tetracycline resistance was conferred by tetA, tetB, and tetD.
Impact of immigration on antibiotic resistance genes in activated sludge: A study using digital droplet PCR and amplicon sequencing
The study reveals that immigration of influent wastewater into activated sludge leads to an increase in the abundance of over 70% of the quantified antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Specific ARGs such as blaTEM, blaMOX, qnrS, qnrB, mphE, dfrA, tetO, tetQ, tetE, marR, msrD, robA, qacL, blaOXA, and ereA were found to increase in abundance with immigration, indicating the impact of influent immigration on the persistence of AMR in wastewater treatment plants.
Concordance between Genotypic and Phenotypic Drug-Resistant Profiles of Shigella Isolates from Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province, China, 2005 to 2016.
The study identified various AMR genes and mutations in Shigella isolates from Taiyuan City, including beta-lactamases (blaTEM-1, blaOXA-1, blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-55), quinolone resistance genes (qnrS1), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac(3)-IId), tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetB), macrolide resistance genes (mphA, ermB), and chloramphenicol resistance gene (catI). Mutations in gyrA and parC were associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
The First Report of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains That Produce Both NDM-5 and OXA-181 in Jiangsu Province, China.
The study reports the first identification of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains producing both NDM-5 and OXA-181 carbapenemases in pediatric patients in China, highlighting the potential for rapid dissemination of these resistance genes.
Prevalence and Persistence of Antibiotic Resistance Determinants in the Gut of Travelers Returning to the United Kingdom is Associated with Colonization by Pathogenic Escherichia coli.
The study identified various antibiotic resistance genes in the gut microbiota of travelers returning to the UK, highlighting the association with colonization by pathogenic E. coli. Key findings include the prevalence of genes conferring resistance to macrolides, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, and others.
Multidrug-resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella of public health significance recovered from migratory birds in Bangladesh.
The study identified multidrug-resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella in migratory birds in Bangladesh, highlighting the presence of various AMR genes such as blaCARB-2, floR, sul1, tet(G), dfrA1, and mutations in gyrA and parC associated with quinolone resistance.
Hospital and community wastewater as a source of multidrug-resistant ESBL-producing Escherichia coli.
The study identifies several AMR genes, including bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-27, bla CTX-M-1, bla GES-5, bla OXA-244, qnrS1, qnrB4, aac(3)-IId, aph(3'')-Ib, aph(6)-Id, catA1, cmlA1, and bla TEM-1, which confer resistance to various antibiotics in multidrug-resistant ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from hospital and environmental sources.
Clinical and Bacterial Characteristics Associated with Glove and Gown Contamination by Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the Health Care Setting.
The study identified various carbapenem resistance genes such as bla KPC, bla KPC-3, bla KPC-2, bla NDM, and bla OXA-232, as well as aminoglycoside resistance genes like aph(6)-Id, aph(3″)-Ib, and others. It also found sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2, sul3), beta-lactam resistance genes (bla TEM, bla OXA), and quinolone resistance genes (qnrS1).
Wastewater treatment plants, an "escape gate" for ESCAPE pathogens.
The study identifies several AMR genes and mutations in various pathogens found in wastewater treatment plants, highlighting the role of these facilities as reservoirs for antibiotic-resistant bacteria and genes.
Genomic epidemiology of nosocomial carbapenemase-producing Citrobacter freundii in sewerage systems in the Helsinki metropolitan area, Finland.
The study identified bla KPC-2 and bla VIM-1 carbapenemase genes, along with various other AMR genes such as aac(6′)-If, aph(6)-Id, aac(3)-IIa, aadA1, dfrA1, sul2, sat2, qnrB, cmlA5, bla OXA-9, bla CMY-79, bla CMY-116, bla TEM-1A, bla CMY-117, bla OXA-10, bla CFE, bla CMY-100, aac(6′)-Ib, aadA2, sul1, qnrS1, qnrB9, mph(E), msr(E), aac(6′)-Iic, and dfrA16 in carbapenemase-producing Citrobacter freundii isolates from hospital environments and municipal wastewater in Finland.
Blab(TEM)-positive Salmonella enterica serovars Agona and Derby are prevalent among food-producing animals in Chongqing, China.
Whole-Genome Sequencing Revealed the Fusion Plasmids Capable of Transmission and Acquisition of Both Antimicrobial Resistance and Hypervirulence Determinants in Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes and hypervirulence determinants in multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, highlighting the role of fusion plasmids in the transmission of these traits.
Escherichia ruysiae May Serve as a Reservoir of Antibiotic Resistance Genes across Multiple Settings and Regions.
Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria isolated from peridomestic Rattus species: A scoping literature review.
This scoping review identifies various antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in bacteria isolated from peridomestic Rattus species, including beta-lactamases (bla TEM, bla CTX-M, bla SHV, bla VIM, bla IMP, bla NDM-1), aminoglycoside resistance genes (strA, strB, aadA, aphA), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2, sul3), tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetB, tet34), trimethoprim resistance genes (dfrA1, dfrA17, dfr14), quinolone resistance genes (qnrB1), and others.
Identification and Genetic Characterization of Conjugative Plasmids Encoding Coresistance to Ciprofloxacin and Cephalosporin in Foodborne Vibrio spp.
The study identified qnrS and qnrS2 genes in foodborne Vibrio spp., which confer resistance to ciprofloxacin and cephalosporins. The qnrS2 gene was found in both chromosomes and plasmids, with plasmid-borne variants capable of transferring resistance to E. coli.
Identification and Genetic Characterization of Conjugative Plasmids Encoding Coresistance to Ciprofloxacin and Cephalosporin in Foodborne Vibrio spp.
The study identified qnrS and qnrS2 genes in foodborne Vibrio spp., which confer resistance to ciprofloxacin and cephalosporins. The qnrS2 gene was found in both chromosomes and plasmids, with plasmid-borne variants capable of transferring resistance to E. coli.
Food risk associated with vegetable consumption, exposure to antimicrobial-resistant strains and pesticide residues.
The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes in AMR strains isolated from vegetables, including blaTEM, tetA, tetW, tetC, tetD, tetB, qnrS, and sulI. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.
Growth in a biofilm promotes conjugation of a bla (NDM-1)-bearing plasmid between Klebsiella pneumoniae strains.
The study identifies the bla NDM-1 gene on the plasmid pCPE16_3 as a key contributor to carbapenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae, demonstrating that biofilm growth enhances the conjugative transfer of this plasmid.
A national study confirms that Escherichia coli from Australian commercial layer hens remain susceptible to critically important antimicrobials.
The study found that Escherichia coli from Australian commercial layer hens show low rates of antimicrobial resistance, with most isolates susceptible to all tested antimicrobials. Resistance was observed for several antibiotics, including tetracycline, ampicillin, and ciprofloxacin, but no resistance to critical antimicrobials like colistin. Whole genome sequencing identified various AMR genes such as aadA1, dfrA1, strA, strB, sul1, sul2, tet(A), lnu(C), blaTEM-1B, and qnrS1.
Investigation of multidrug-resistant plasmids from carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates from Pakistan.
The study identified 34 antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in multidrug-resistant (MDR) plasmids from carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates in Pakistan, including bla NDM-1, bla OXA-48, and various beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside resistance genes, and others.
Genome-Based Epidemiologic Analysis of VIM/IMP Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacter spp., Poland.
The study identified multiple bla VIM and bla IMP genes, along with various other AMR genes, in VIM/IMP carbapenemase-producing Enterobacter spp. in Poland. These genes were associated with different integrons and plasmid types, contributing to the spread of multidrug-resistant strains.
The impact of applying various de novo assembly and correction tools on the identification of genome characterization, drug resistance, and virulence factors of clinical isolates using ONT sequencing.
The study evaluates the impact of various de novo assembly and read correction tools on the identification of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes, plasmids, and virulence factors in clinical Escherichia coli isolates using Oxford Nanopore sequencing. It highlights the effectiveness of Flye and Canu in detecting AMR genes and the importance of read correction tools like Medaka and Racon in improving assembly quality and AMR gene detection.
Quinolone resistance and biofilm formation capability of uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from an Iranian inpatients' population.
The study identified qnrS and qnrB genes as contributors to quinolone resistance in uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from Iranian inpatients, with notable resistance rates to fluoroquinolones and quinolones.
Implications of different waterfowl farming on cephalosporin resistance: Investigating the role of bla(CTX-M-55).
The study identifies bla CTX-M-55 as a prevalent gene encoding a beta-lactamase responsible for cephalosporin resistance in E. coli isolated from waterfowl in different farming environments.
Characterization of the pig lower respiratory tract antibiotic resistome.
The study characterizes the antibiotic resistome of the pig lower respiratory tract microbiome, identifying 372 ARGs, including tetracycline, aminoglycoside, and phenicol resistance genes, and highlights the role of MGEs in their dissemination.
Genomic and functional portrait of multidrug-resistant, hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S)-producing variants of Escherichia coli.
The study identified multidrug-resistant, hydrogen sulfide-producing variants of Escherichia coli from Bangladesh, highlighting the presence of various AMR genes such as bla TEM1B, bla CTX-M-55, bla CTX-M-65, bla CTX-M-123, aadA1, aadA2, aph (3')-Ia, aph (3'')-Ib, aph (6)-Id, tet(A), tet(M), sul3, sul2, dfrA12, mph(A), floR, cmlA1, qacL, and qnrS1.
Genomic and functional portrait of multidrug-resistant, hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S)-producing variants of Escherichia coli.
The study identified multidrug-resistant, hydrogen sulfide-producing variants of Escherichia coli from Bangladesh, highlighting the presence of various AMR genes such as bla TEM1B, bla CTX-M-55, bla CTX-M-65, bla CTX-M-123, aadA1, aadA2, aph (3')-Ia, aph (3'')-Ib, aph (6)-Id, tet(A), tet(M), sul3, sul2, dfrA12, mph(A), floR, cmlA1, qacL, and qnrS1.
Genomic and functional portrait of multidrug-resistant, hydrogen sulfide (H(2)S)-producing variants of Escherichia coli.
The study identified multidrug-resistant, hydrogen sulfide-producing variants of Escherichia coli from Bangladesh, highlighting the presence of various AMR genes such as bla TEM1B, bla CTX-M-55, bla CTX-M-65, bla CTX-M-123, aadA1, aadA2, aph (3')-Ia, aph (3'')-Ib, aph (6)-Id, tet(A), tet(M), sul3, sul2, dfrA12, mph(A), floR, cmlA1, qacL, and qnrS1.
High rate of multidrug resistance and integrons in Escherichia coli isolates from diseased ducks in select regions of China.
The study identified a high rate of multidrug resistance in E. coli isolates from diseased ducks in China, with several AMR genes such as bla TEM, bla CTX-M, qnrS, aadA1, sul1, sul2, tet A, floR, mcr-1, intI1, and intI2 being characterized.
Genomic traits of multidrug resistant enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolates from diarrheic pigs.
The study identified 53 resistance genes and 13 categories of 195 virulence factors in multidrug-resistant ETEC isolates from diarrheic pigs, including tet(A), floR, aph(3')-Ia, aadA2, bleO, sul3, dfrA12, QnrS1, and tet(X4).
Prevalence and molecular characterization of cefotaxime-resistant Salmonella strains recovered from retail meat samples in Shenzhen, China, during 2014-2017.
The study identified several beta-lactamase genes, including bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-55, bla CTX-M-65, bla CTX-M-130, bla CTX-M-27, and bla CMY-2, as well as other resistance genes such as qnrS1, qnrB6, mph(A), oqxAB, mcr-1.1, tet(A), tet(B), sul1, sul2, sul3, aac(6')-Ib, aph(3")-Ib, floR, drfA14, drfA1, and Inu(F), which contribute to cefotaxime resistance in Salmonella strains isolated from retail meat samples in Shenzhen, China.
First Report of Aeromonas veronii as an Emerging Bacterial Pathogen of Farmed Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Brazil.
The study reports the first case of multidrug-resistant Aeromonas veronii causing high mortality in farmed Nile tilapia in Brazil, with resistance to oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin, and amoxicillin, and susceptibility to florfenicol. The resistance mechanisms were confirmed by the presence of qnrS2 and tetA genes.
Various arrangements of mobile genetic elements among CC147 subpopulations of Klebsiella pneumoniae harboring bla(NDM-1): a comparative genomic analysis of carbapenem resistant strains.
The study identified bla(NDM-1), bla(OXA-48), qnrS1, aac(6')-Ib-cr, armA, bla(CTX-M-15), sul1, dfrA, aadA5, and qnrB1 as key resistance genes in CC147 subpopulations of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Additionally, a mutation in ompK36 was found to contribute to decreased susceptibility to antibiotics.
Genetic Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance of Extraintestinal E. coli Populations Pre- and Post-Antimicrobial Therapy on Broilers Affected by Colisepticemia.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in extraintestinal E. coli populations from broilers treated with enrofloxacin. Key findings include the presence of qnrB19 and qnrS1 genes, which confer fluoroquinolone resistance, and mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE genes associated with fluoroquinolone resistance. Additionally, multiple other AMR genes were detected, indicating multidrug resistance.
Co-localization of clinically relevant antibiotic- and heavy metal resistance genes on plasmids in Klebsiella pneumoniae from marine bivalves.
The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and heavy metal resistance genes (HMRGs) co-localized on plasmids in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from marine bivalves, highlighting the potential for co-selection of these genes in the marine environment.
Plasmids conferring resistance to extended-spectrum beta-lactamases including a rare IncN+IncR multireplicon carrying bla(CTX-M-1) in Escherichia coli recovered from migrating barnacle geese ( Branta leucopsis).
The study identified several AMR genes in ESBL/AmpC-producing E. coli isolates from barnacle geese, including bla(CTX-M-1), bla(CTX-M-15), bla(CMY-2), aadA2b, lnu(F), and qnrS1, which confer resistance to various beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, lincomycin, and quinolones.
Genomic characterization of colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from intensive care unit patients in Egypt.
The study identifies mcr-1.1 as a plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene and characterizes several chromosomal mutations in mgrB, arnT, pmrA, pmrB, pmrC, phoQ, and arnB that contribute to colistin resistance in K. pneumoniae isolates from Egypt.
Global distribution of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella Typhi
The study identifies the emergence of azithromycin resistance in Salmonella Typhi due to mutations in the acrB gene, particularly the R717Q mutation. It also notes the widespread presence of ciprofloxacin non-susceptibility and extensive drug resistance (XDR) in certain regions, primarily linked to specific genotypes and mutations in gyrase and topoisomerase genes.
Characterization of Transferrable Mechanisms of Quinolone Resistance (TMQR) among Quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae causing Urinary Tract Infection in Nepalese Children.
The study identified aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrB, and qnrS as the most prevalent TMQR genes among quinolone-resistant E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates in Nepalese children, contributing to increased ciprofloxacin resistance.
Antibiotic Resistance Mediated by Escherichia coli in Kuwait Marine Environment as Revealed through Genomic Analysis.
The study identified various antibiotic resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolates from Kuwait's marine environment, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, fluoroquinolone resistance genes, sulfonamide resistance genes, tetracycline resistance genes, and macrolide resistance genes. Additionally, the MFS-type drug efflux gene mdfA was commonly found in E. coli isolates.
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC)-Associated Urinary Tract Infections: The Molecular Basis for Challenges to Effective Treatment.
This review discusses the molecular basis of challenges to effective treatment of UPEC-associated urinary tract infections, focusing on virulence factors and antibiotic resistance mechanisms.
The scope of antimicrobial resistance in residential aged care facilities determined through analysis of Escherichia coli and the total wastewater resistome.
The study identified several AMR genes in E. coli isolates from residential aged care facilities, including blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-27, blaCTX-M-62, blaOXA-1, blaOXA-181, blaTEM-1, qnrS, aac(6')-Ib-cr, sul1, sul2, and dfrA1, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and sulfonamides.
Multidrug resistance plasmids underlie clonal expansions and international spread of Salmonella enterica serotype 1,4,[5],12:i:- ST34 in Southeast Asia.
The study identified multidrug resistance plasmids, including IncA/C2 and IncHI2, which carry genes such as blaCTX-M-55, qnrS1, mcr-3.1, and mphA, contributing to the clonal expansion and international spread of Salmonella enterica ST34 in Southeast Asia.
Comparative Genomic Analysis Reveals the Emergence of ST-231 and ST-395 Klebsiella pneumoniae Strains Associated with the High Transmissibility of bla(KPC) Plasmids.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes, including blaOXA-232, blaCTX-M-15, dfrA14, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and others, in K. pneumoniae isolates, highlighting the role of integrons and plasmids in the dissemination of resistance.
Pyogenic liver abscess caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae diagnosed by third-generation sequencing: a case report and literature review.
The study identifies the presence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae in a case of pyogenic liver abscess, highlighting the detection of drug resistance genes including CTX-M, tetA, and qnrS using nanopore-based metagenomic third-generation sequencing.
Unveiling the genome of a high-risk pandrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae emerging in the Brazilian Amazon Region, 2022.
The study identified a pandrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain (Kp196) with a complex resistome comprising numerous acquired and intrinsic resistance mechanisms, including multiple beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, quinolone resistance proteins, and mutations in genes involved in colistin, tigecycline, and fluoroquinolone resistance.
Evaluation of antibiotic resistance, toxin-antitoxin systems, virulence factors, biofilm-forming strength and genetic linkage of Escherichia coli strains isolated from bloodstream infections of leukemia patients.
The study identified bla CTX-M, bla TEM, bla SHV, bla OXA-48, qnr B, and qnr S genes as the main contributors to antibiotic resistance in E. coli strains isolated from bloodstream infections of leukemia patients.
High prevalence of antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation in Salmonella Gallinarum.
The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes in Salmonella Gallinarum isolates, including GES, IMP, VIM, NDM, SHV, KPC, FOX, qnrB, qnrS, and sdiA, which are associated with resistance to various antibiotics. Additionally, all isolates were found to form biofilms, indicating a potential link between biofilm formation and antibiotic resistance.
Fluoroquinolone resistance determinants in carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from urine clinical samples in Thailand.
The study identified fluoroquinolone resistance determinants in carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from urine samples in Thailand, highlighting the presence of genes such as aac(6')-Ib, bla_NDM-5, bla_CTX-M-15, and qnrS1, along with mutations in gyrA, parC, gyrB, and parE.
Prevalence and characterization of quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from retail raw beef and poultry meat in Egypt.
The study identified qnrS as a plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene in quinolone-resistant E. coli isolates from retail meat in Egypt. Mutations in gyrA (S83L) and parC (S80I) were also found to contribute to quinolone resistance.
Decoding the genetic structure of conjugative plasmids in international clones of Klebsiella pneumoniae: A deep dive into blaKPC, blaNDM, blaOXA-48, and blaGES genes.
The study characterizes the genetic structure of plasmids harboring major carbapenemase genes (blaKPC, blaNDM, blaOXA-48, and blaGES) in Klebsiella pneumoniae, identifying the most prevalent allele types and their co-occurrence with other resistance genes.
Resistome and virulome of high-risk pandemic clones of multidrug-resistant extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) isolated from tertiary healthcare settings in Uganda.
The study identified various AMR genes in multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates, including blaCTX-M-15, blaTEM-1B, blaOXA-1, and others, which confer resistance to beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, macrolides, and quinolones. Additionally, chromosomal mutations in gyrA and parC were found to contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance.
Distribution of Antibiotic Resistance in a Mixed-Use Watershed and the Impact of Wastewater Treatment Plants on Antibiotic Resistance in Surface Water.
The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in surface water and wastewater, including ermB, qnrS, blaKPC, blaSHV, blaCTX-M, and tetB, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant bacteria and the role of wastewater treatment plants in spreading antibiotic resistance.
Evaluation of Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms in Gram-Negative Bacteria.
The paper discusses various antibiotic resistance mechanisms in Gram-negative bacteria, highlighting the role of beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, and efflux pumps in conferring resistance to multiple antibiotics.
Comparative analyses of the faecal resistome against β-lactam and quinolone antibiotics in humans and livestock using metagenomic sequencing.
The study identifies and characterizes the prevalence of β-lactamase genes (bla TEM, bla OXA, bla CTX-M) and quinolone resistance gene (qnrS) in human and livestock gut microbiomes using metagenomic sequencing.
Genomic characterization of tigecycline-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from hospital sewage.
The study identifies tet(X4) and tmexCD1-toprJ1 as key genes contributing to tigecycline resistance in E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates from hospital sewage, highlighting the role of plasmid-mediated resistance and efflux pump overexpression.
Occurrence and temporal distribution of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in clams from the Central Adriatic, Italy.
The study identified several β-lactamase genes, including bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-27, bla CTX-M-55, bla SHV12, bla CMY-2, bla TEM-1B, bla TEM-106, and bla TEM-126, which confer resistance to various β-lactam antibiotics. Other resistance genes such as aac(6′)-Ib-cr, qnrS1, tet(A), tet(B), tet(M), aadA5, aadA2b, sul1, sul2, sul3, dfrA17, dfrA5, dfrA14, dfrA12, mph(A), cmlA1, catA2, aac(3)-IIa, aac(3)-IId, and lnu(F) were also characterized, providing insights into the multidrug resistance profiles of ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from clams in the Central Adriatic.
Genetic characterization of a multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Agona isolated from a dietary supplement in Germany.
The study identifies 23 antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in a multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Agona isolate from a dietary supplement in Germany, conferring resistance to 12 different antibiotic classes. Key genes include blaSHV-12, aac(3)-Iig, aac(6')-Iic, aadA2, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3'')-Ib, aph(6)-Id, dfrA19, qacEΔ1, ere(A), sul1, sul2, tet(D), mcr-9.1, catA2, arr, qnrS1, blaTEM-1, aac(3)-IIe, and floR.
Antimicrobial resistance and genomic characteristics of Salmonella from broilers in Shandong Province.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella isolates from broilers in Shandong Province, including tet(A), floR, cmlE, blaTEM, aph(4)-Ia, qnrS1, and mcr-1, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains.
Gut microbiome and antibiotic resistance effects during travelers' diarrhea treatment and prevention.
The study found that twice-daily rifaximin prophylaxis significantly increased antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) abundance in the gut microbiome, while other treatment groups showed no significant changes. Several ARGs, including blaTEM-1, mdtM, sul2, aph(6)-Id, aph(3")-Ib, erm(B), mph(A), qepA4, qnrB19, qnrS1, and arr, were identified in E. coli isolates from the TrEAT TD cohort.
Deciphering the Role of WWTPs in Cold Environments as Hotspots for the Dissemination of Antibiotic Resistance Genes.
The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in cold environments, highlighting their role as hotspots for the dissemination of ARGs. Key genes included aadA, aadB, ampC, blaSHV, blaTEM, dfrA1, ermB, fosA, qnrS, and tetA(A).
Genomic analysis of Shigella isolates from Lebanon reveals marked genetic diversity and antimicrobial resistance.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations in Shigella isolates from Lebanon, including bla CTX-M-15 and bla CTX-M-3 for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase resistance, and gyrA mutations for quinolone resistance.
Within-host genetic diversity of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales in long-term colonized patients.
The study characterizes various AMR genes, including bla CTX-M-15, bla TEM-1B, bla OXA-1, qnrB1, qnrS1, aph(6)-Id, aph(3”)-Ib, aac(3)-IIa, ant(3”)-Ia, dfrA14, dfrA1, aac(6’)-Ib-cr, tet(A), tet(D), sul2, sul1, fosA6, fosA_5, fosA_3, bla CTX-M-1, bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-14b, bla CTX-M-8, bla CMY-2, bla TEM-190, aac(3)-IVa, aph(4)-Ia, and catB3_2, in ESBL-producing Enterobacterales isolates from long-term colonized patients.
Resistance to aminoglycoside and quinolone drugs among Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates from northern Jordan.
The study identified several aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in K. pneumoniae isolates from northern Jordan, including aac(6')-Ib, aac(3')-II, ant(3")-I, aph(3')-VI, armA, rmtB, qnrS, qnrB, oqxAB, and aac(6')-Ib-cr. These genes were significantly associated with non-susceptibility to aminoglycosides, quinolones, and beta-lactams.
Genomic characterization of Salmonella isolated from retail chicken and humans with diarrhea in Qingdao, China.
The study identified 79 antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in Salmonella isolates from retail chicken and humans with diarrhea in Qingdao, China, including aac(6')-Iaa, bla TEM-1B, tet(A), aph(6)-Id, aph(3")-Ib, sul2, floR, qnrS1, bla NDM-1, mcr-1.1, and mcr-9.1. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, chloramphenicol, fluoroquinolones, carbapenems, and colistin.
Longitudinal genomic surveillance of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli carriage in critical care patients.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes, including blaCTX-M-27, blaEC-5, blaOXA-181, and qnrS1, in multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates from critical care patients in Lebanon.
Characteristics of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from retail meat products in North Carolina.
The study identified several AMR genes in E. coli isolates from retail meat products in North Carolina, including aac(3)-IV, aadA1, aph(3'')-lb, blaTEM-1, tetB, and others, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug-resistant E. coli in ground turkey.
Mechanism for transmission and pathogenesis of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales harboring the carbapenemase IMP and clinical countermeasures.
The study identifies blaIMP-4 and blaIMP-26 as carbapenemase genes responsible for carbapenem resistance in Enterobacterales. Additionally, various other AMR genes such as aac(6')-lb3, armAC, aph(3'')-lb, aph(6)-ld, aadA5, aac(6')-llc, aac(3)-IId, dfrA19, dfrA1, sul1, tet(D), tet(A), qnrS1, qnrB4, msr(E), mph(E), ere(A), mph(A), mcr-9, and ARR-3 were characterized for their roles in resistance to different antibiotics.
Antimicrobial resistance, virulence profile, and genetic analysis of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolated from Nile tilapia in fresh markets and supermarkets in Thailand.
The study identified the presence of ESBL-producing E. coli in Nile tilapia, with the most prevalent AMR genes being bla TEM, tetA, and qnrS. These genes conferred resistance to ampicillin, tetracycline, and fluoroquinolones, respectively.
Prevalence, antibiotic resistance and molecular characterization of Staphylococcus aureus in ready-to-eat fruits and vegetables in Shanghai, China.
The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolates from ready-to-eat fruits and vegetables in Shanghai, China, including genes conferring resistance to beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, lincosamides, and fosfomycin.
Genotypic Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli from Companion Animals: Predominance of ST372 in Dogs and Human-Related ST73 in Cats.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in uropathogenic E. coli isolates from companion animals, including blaTEM-1B, sul2, tet(A), qnrS1, aac(6')-Ib-c, qnrS2, qnrB19, qnrB4, CTX-M-15, CTX-M-27, CMY-2, DHA-1, blaEC, blaEC-6, and mcr-4.6. Mutations in gyrA (S83L, D87N) and parC (S80I) were also found to confer fluoroquinolone resistance.
Genotypic Characterization of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli from Companion Animals: Predominance of ST372 in Dogs and Human-Related ST73 in Cats.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in uropathogenic E. coli isolates from companion animals, including blaTEM-1B, sul2, tet(A), qnrS1, aac(6')-Ib-c, qnrS2, qnrB19, qnrB4, CTX-M-15, CTX-M-27, CMY-2, DHA-1, blaEC, blaEC-6, and mcr-4.6. Mutations in gyrA (S83L, D87N) and parC (S80I) were also found to confer fluoroquinolone resistance.
Predicting Salmonella MIC and Deciphering Genomic Determinants of Antibiotic Resistance and Susceptibility.
The study presents a novel 'Genome Feature Extractor Pipeline' that uses machine learning and deep learning to predict Salmonella MIC values based on 20-mer counts from WGS data. The pipeline identifies key genomic features associated with antibiotic resistance, including known resistance genes such as beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, quinolone resistance genes, tetracycline efflux pumps, and sulfonamide resistance genes.
Characterization of nontyphoidal Salmonella strains from a tertiary hospital in China: serotype diversity, multidrug resistance, and genetic insights.
The study identified multidrug-resistant nontyphoidal Salmonella strains carrying bla CTX-M-15, qnrS1, sul1, sul2, and the mrkABCDF operon, highlighting the need for monitoring the spread of these resistance mechanisms.
Genomic Characterization of Two NDM-5-Producing Isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST11 from a Single Patient.
The study identified two NDM-5-producing K. pneumoniae ST11 isolates from a single patient, highlighting the presence of multiple acquired antimicrobial resistance genes, including blaNDM-5, blaCTX-M-15, and rmtB, along with other resistance determinants.
Genomic insights into ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolated from non-human primates in the Peruvian Amazon.
The study identified three bla CTX-M variants (bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-55, and bla CTX-M-65) and a broad resistome in ESBL-producing E. coli strains isolated from non-human primates in the Peruvian Amazon.
Clonal and plasmidic dissemination of critical antimicrobial resistance genes through clinically relevant ExPEC and APEC-like lineages (ST) in the dairy cattle population of Québec, Canada.
The study identifies the dissemination of critical AMR genes, including bla CTX-M-15, qnrS1, and bla TEM-1, in E. coli isolates from dairy cattle in Quebec, highlighting the persistence of these genes through plasmids and clones despite reduced antimicrobial use.
Klebsiella pneumoniae ST147 harboring bla(NDM-1), multidrug resistance and hypervirulence plasmids.
The study identifies the blaNDM-1 gene and various other resistance genes in multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST147 strains, highlighting their role in carbapenem resistance and hypervirulence.
First report of bla(OXA-181)-carrying IncX3 plasmids in multidrug-resistant Enterobacter hormaechei and Serratia nevei recovered from canine and feline opportunistic infections.
The study reports the first detection of bla(OXA-181)-carrying IncX3 plasmids in multidrug-resistant Enterobacter hormaechei and Serratia nevei strains isolated from dogs and cats in Thailand, highlighting the emergence of carbapenem resistance in these opportunistic pathogens.
Ciprofloxacin- and levofloxacin-loaded nanoparticles efficiently suppressed fluoroquinolone resistance and biofilm formation in Acinetobacter baumannii.
The study identified aac(6')-Ib and qnrS as plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, contributing to fluoroquinolone resistance.
ST218 Klebsiella pneumoniae became a high-risk clone for multidrug resistance and hypervirulence.
The study identifies bla NDM-1, qnrS1, and tet(A) as key resistance genes in ST218 Klebsiella pneumoniae, highlighting its multidrug resistance and hypervirulence.
Inter-plasmid transfer of antibiotic resistance genes accelerates antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens.
The study identifies numerous antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) that are transferred between plasmids, particularly beta-lactamases (bla TEM-1, bla NDM-4, bla KPC-2, bla SHV-1), aminoglycoside resistance gene aacC1, and colistin resistance gene mcr-1. These genes are shown to transfer between compatible plasmids in clinical pathogens, accelerating the spread of antibiotic resistance.
Phenotypic and genetic characterization of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis isolates from humans and animals in Spain from 2006 to 2021.
The study identified various antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations in Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis isolates from humans and animals in Spain, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains and the role of plasmids in the dissemination of resistance mechanisms.
Fate of fluoroquinolones in field soil environment after incorporation of poultry litter from a farm with enrofloxacin administration via drinking water.
The study identified the presence of fluoroquinolone resistance genes in poultry litter and soil samples after the incorporation of poultry litter from a farm where enrofloxacin was administered via drinking water.
Emergence of multidrug-resistant Bacillus spp. derived from animal feed, food and human diarrhea in South-Eastern Bangladesh.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes in Bacillus spp. isolated from animal feed, food, and human diarrhea in Bangladesh, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug resistance and the need for monitoring in the agricultural and food sectors.
Whole genome sequence-based molecular characterization of blood isolates of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex from ICU patients in Kolkata, India, during 2017-2022: emergence of phylogenetically heterogeneous Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. xiangfangensis.
The study identified several carbapenemase and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes, including bla NDM-1, bla NDM-4, bla NDM-5, bla NDM-7, bla OXA-181, bla OXA-232, bla KPC-3, bla CTX-M-15, bla SFO-1, bla ACT, and bla CMH-3, in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex isolates from Kolkata, India. Novel integrons (In180, In4874, In4887, and In4888) were also discovered.
Polymyxin Resistance in Salmonella: Exploring Mutations and Genetic Determinants of Non-Human Isolates.
The study identified mutations in pmrA, pmrB, phoP, and phoQ associated with polymyxin resistance in Salmonella isolates, as well as other resistance genes such as aac(6')-Iaa, blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M-2, blaCMY-2, qnrB19, qnrS1, oqxA, and oqxB.
Distribution and genetic characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance gene qnr among Salmonella strains from chicken in China.
The study identified the qnrS and qnrB genes as the primary fluoroquinolone resistance genes in Salmonella strains from chicken in China, with qnrS being more prevalent. The genetic environments of these genes were characterized, highlighting their potential for horizontal gene transfer.
Occurrence and molecular characteristics of antimicrobial resistance, virulence factors, and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli isolated from the retail produce commodities in Bangkok, Thailand.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli isolated from retail produce in Bangkok, Thailand. Key findings include the presence of bla TEM, qnrS, tetA, tetB, strA, and strB genes, as well as gyrA and parC mutations associated with ciprofloxacin resistance.
Genome mining of Escherichia coli WG5D from drinking water source: unraveling antibiotic resistance genes, virulence factors, and pathogenicity.
The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes in E. coli WG5D, including multidrug efflux pumps and genes conferring resistance to various antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins, and glycopeptides.
Genomic characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing and carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli from urban wastewater in Australia.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes and mutations in carbapenem-resistant and ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from Australian wastewater, highlighting the presence of resistance mechanisms such as bla NDM-5, bla CMY-42, and mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE.
Emergence of carbapenem resistant gram-negative pathogens with high rate of colistin resistance in Egypt: A cross sectional study to assess resistance trends during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The study identified high prevalence of carbapenem resistance in Gram-negative pathogens in Egypt, with bla NDM and bla OXA-48-like being the most prevalent carbapenemase genes. Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnrS and qnrB were also detected. Additionally, several aminoglycoside resistance genes and integron-associated gene cassettes were characterized.
Outbreak of NDM-5-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST307: an emerging high-risk antimicrobial resistance clone in Shanghai, China.
The study reports an outbreak of NDM-5-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae ST307 in Shanghai, China, highlighting the presence of multiple resistance genes including bla NDM-5, bla CTX-M-15, and bla DHA-1, which confer resistance to carbapenems, cephalosporins, and other antibiotics.
Genomic analysis of Salmonella isolated from canal water in Bangkok, Thailand.
The study identified 35 AMR genes and 30 chromosomal-mediated gene mutations in Salmonella strains from Bangkok canal water, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains with resistance to various antimicrobial classes.
Persistent Colonization of Ciprofloxacin-Resistant and Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Salmonella enterica Serovar Kentucky ST198 in a Patient with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
The study characterizes three ciprofloxacin-resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky ST198 strains from a single patient with inflammatory bowel disease, highlighting their multidrug-resistant profile and potential epidemiological links to strains from chicken meat.
Klebsiella pneumoniae sequence type 147: a high-risk clone increasingly associated with plasmids carrying both resistance and virulence elements.
The study identified various AMR genes and mutations in Klebsiella pneumoniae ST147 isolates, including bla NDM-5, bla NDM-1, bla OXA-181, bla OXA-232, bla OXA-48, aadA1, aph(3')-VI, bla CTX-M-15, bla TEM-1B/C, bla OXA-9, truncated catA1, qnrS1, sul1, dfrA5, mph(A), erm(B), aac(6')-Ib, aac(6')-Ib3, sul2, aph(3')-Ia, rmtB, fosA, oqxAB, bla SHV-11/67, arr-3, and catB3.
A review of the mechanisms that confer antibiotic resistance in pathotypes of E. coli.
The review discusses the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in pathotypes of E. coli, focusing on the role of beta-lactamases, carbapenemases, and other resistance genes. It highlights the importance of understanding these mechanisms to combat the growing problem of antibiotic resistance.
Exploring the resistome, virulome, and mobilome of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates: deciphering the molecular basis of carbapenem resistance.
The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes, including bla CTX-M-15, bla TEM, bla SHV, bla NDM, bla OXA, and others, contributing to carbapenem resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates. Mutations in porin genes ompK35 and ompK36, as well as in gyrA and parC, are associated with reduced susceptibility to carbapenems and fluoroquinolones.
Antimicrobial resistance and population genomics of emerging multidrug-resistant Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:- in Guangdong, China.
The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella 4,[5],12:i:- isolates from Guangdong, China, including gyrA mutations, PMQR genes, and various beta-lactamase genes, contributing to multidrug resistance.
Design and Validation of Primer Sets for the Detection and Quantification of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Environmental Samples by Quantitative PCR.
The study presents eleven novel primer sets for the detection and quantification of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in environmental samples using qPCR. These primers target genes such as aadA, aadB, ampC, blaTEM, blaSHV, dfrA1, ermB, fosA, mecA, qnrS, and tetA(A), which are responsible for resistance to various antibiotics including aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, trimethoprim, macrolides, fosfomycin, quinolones, and tetracyclines.
Multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli causing canine pyometra and urinary tract infections are genetically related but distinct from those causing prostatic abscesses.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes and mutations in multidrug-resistant E. coli strains causing infections in dogs and cats, including bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-27, bla CTX-M-55, bla CMY-2, bla CMY-148, aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS1, qnrB6, aadA2, aadA5, aadA16, ant(3′′)-Ia, aph(3′)-Ia, aph(3′′)-Ib, aph(6)-Id, rmtB, floR, cmlA, catA, sul1, sul2, sul3, dfrA12, dfrA14, dfr17, dfrA27, tet(A), tet(B), tet(M), mph(A), erm(B), lnu(F), and arr-3, as well as the gyrA:p.S83L mutation.
Study of plasmid mediated quinolone resistance genes among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from pediatric patients with sepsis.
The study identified high prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS among E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates from pediatric patients with sepsis, with qnrA being the most prevalent.
Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Diversity of Salmonella Isolates in Jiaxing City, China.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella isolates from Jiaxing City, China, including blaTEM-1B, blaOXA-10, blaCTX-M-65, floR, sul2, qnrS1, and tet(B), as well as mutations in gyrA and parC contributing to fluoroquinolone resistance.
Genomic analysis of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli from Urban Environmental water sources in Accra, Ghana, Provides Insights into public health implications.
The study identified several AMR genes in multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates from urban environmental water sources in Accra, Ghana, highlighting the presence of beta-lactamases (blaTEM-1B, blaCTX-M-15, blaTEM-1C, blaDHA-1, blaOXA-1, blaOXA-181), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul2, sul1), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aph(6)-Id, aadA2, mph(A)), quinolone resistance gene (qnrS1), tetracycline resistance gene (tet(B)), chloramphenicol resistance gene (catA1), dihydrofolate reductase (dfrA14), and others.
Occurrence, molecular characterization, and antimicrobial susceptibility of sorbitol non-fermenting Escherichia coli in lake water, fish and humans in central Oromia, Ethiopia.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in sorbitol non-fermenting E. coli strains, including blaTEM-1B, tet(A), dfrA1, dfrA5, sul1, fos7, catA1, qnrS1, gyrA, and blaCTX-M15, which conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, tetracycline, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, fosfomycin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and extended-spectrum beta-lactams.
Prevalence of ST1049-KL5 carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae with a bla(KPC-2) and bla(NDM-1) co-carrying hypertransmissible IncM1 plasmid.
The study identifies a hypertransmissible IncM1 plasmid, pKPC_NDM, co-carrying bla KPC-2 and bla NDM-1 genes in ST1049-KL5 KPC_NDM_CRKP isolates, highlighting its role in carbapenem resistance and efficient transferability between bacterial hosts.
Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from commercial broiler chickens in Semnan, Iran.
The study identified the presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes, namely aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrB, and qnrS, in E. coli isolates from broiler chickens in Iran. These genes were associated with resistance to quinolone antibiotics.
Molecular and clinical epidemiology of carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacterales in Fiji: a multicentre prospective observational study.
The study identified several carbapenem-resistant genes, including bla OXA-23, bla OXA-66, bla NDM-1, bla OXA-50, bla OXA-395, bla NDM-7, and bla NDM-5, in various bacterial species in Fiji.
Genomic characterisation of Escherichia coli isolated from poultry at retail through Sink Surveillance in Dhaka, Bangladesh reveals high levels of multi-drug resistance.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in E. coli isolates from poultry in Bangladesh, including genes conferring resistance to various antibiotics such as tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, colistin, and others. High levels of multidrug resistance were observed, with specific genes like mcr1.1, bla CTX-M-65, and tet(A) playing significant roles.
Emergence of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance (PMQR) Genes in Campylobacter coli in Tunisia and Detection of New Sequence Type ST13450.
This study reports the first occurrence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes in Campylobacter coli isolates in Tunisia and globally. The PMQR genes qnrB, qnrS, qepA, and aac(6')-Ib-cr were detected in a significant proportion of isolates, highlighting the emergence of these resistance mechanisms in C. coli.
Comparative genomics of quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli from broilers and humans in Norway.
The study identified mutations in the gyrA and parC genes as the primary mechanism of quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from both broilers and humans in Norway. Additionally, plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes such as qnrS1, qnrB19, aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrB1, and qnrB5 were detected in human isolates.
Genomic characterization of multi drug resistant ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolates from patients and patient environments in a teaching hospital in Ghana.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from patients and the hospital environment, including bla CTX-M-15, bla TEM-1B, bla OXA-1, and various aminoglycoside, macrolide, tetracycline, sulfonamide, and trimethoprim resistance genes. Additionally, PMQR genes like qnrS1, qnrB19, qnrB4, and qepA4 were detected, contributing to quinolone resistance.
Pathogenomics analysis of high-risk clone ST147 multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from a patient in Egypt.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes in the MDR-KP isolate WSF99, including various beta-lactamases, carbapenemase, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, fluoroquinolone resistance genes, and others, highlighting the complex resistance profile of this high-risk clone.
Pathogen diversity and antimicrobial resistance transmission of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A in Bangladesh, Nepal, and Malawi: a genomic epidemiological study.
The study identified qnrS as a plasmid-encoded quinolone resistance gene and acrB Arg717Gln as an azithromycin resistance mutation in Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A in Bangladesh, Nepal, and Malawi.
Comprehensive genomics reveals novel sequence types of multidrug resistant Klebsiella oxytoca with uncharacterized capsular polysaccharide K- and lipopolysaccharide O-antigen loci from the National Hospital of Uganda.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in multidrug-resistant Klebsiella oxytoca isolates, including beta-lactamases (blaOXY-2–6, blaOXY-2–8), quinolone resistance gene qnrS1, tetracycline resistance gene tet(A).v1, sulfonamide resistance gene sul1^, and trimethoprim resistance genes dfrA14.v2* and dfrA15.v2.
The IncC and IncX1 resistance plasmids present in multi-drug resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from poultry manure in Poland.
The study identifies three resistance plasmids (pECmdr13.2, pECmdr13.3, pECmdr14.1) in multi-drug resistant E. coli strains from poultry manure in Poland, each carrying various AMR genes including tetracycline, aminoglycoside, beta-lactam, sulfonamide, fluoroquinolone, and phenicol resistance genes.
A newly identified IncY plasmid from multi-drug-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from dairy cattle feces in Poland.
The study identifies two IncY plasmids from multi-drug-resistant E. coli isolated from dairy cattle feces in Poland, carrying resistance genes against beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and fluoroquinolones.
Genomic analysis of carbapenem- and colistin-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae complex harbouring mcr-8 and mcr-9 from individuals in Thailand.
The study identifies mcr-8 and mcr-9 genes in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae complex isolates from Thailand, highlighting their role in colistin resistance. It also characterizes additional AMR genes such as bla NDM-1, bla IMP-14, and various other resistance determinants.
Mobile genetic elements define the non-random structure of the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi pangenome.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes, including blaTEM-1B, qnrS1, sul2, tet(A), aph(3'')-Ib, aph(6)-Id, dfrA14, blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-88, catA1, qacE, sul1, and tet(B), which are associated with multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi strains.
Phenotypic and genotypic assessment of fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides resistances in Pseudomonas aeruginosa collected from Minia hospitals, Egypt during COVID-19 pandemic.
The study identified qnrS, qnrA, qnrD, aac(6')-Ib, rmtB, and mexA as the main genes contributing to fluoroquinolone and aminoglycoside resistance in P. aeruginosa isolates during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Investigation of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance among extended-spectrum β-lactamase isolates of E. coli and K. pneumoniae.
The study identified several plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes, including qnrS, qnrC, qnrD, qnrB, and qnrVC, in extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates.
Antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence gene analysis of Shigella species causing dysentery in Iranian children: Implications for fluroquinolone resistance.
The study identified qnrA, qnrS, and qnrD genes as major contributors to plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in Shigella isolates, along with specific mutations in gyrA and parC genes associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
The synergy effect of matrine and berberine hydrochloride on treating colibacillosis caused by an avian highly pathogenic multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli.
The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes in a multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli strain, including blaTEM, ermA, ermB, aadA1, qnrS, qepA, oqxA, tetA, tetB, and tetC, which conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, macrolides, aminoglycosides, quinolones, and tetracyclines. The combination of matrine and berberine hydrochloride showed synergistic antibacterial effects against this strain.
Assessing the Public Health Implications of Virulent and Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Côte d'Ivoire's Ready-to-Eat Salads.
The study identified antibiotic resistance genes such as blaTEM, qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, and mecA in E. coli and S. aureus isolates from ready-to-eat salads in Côte d'Ivoire, highlighting the challenge of multidrug resistance.
Prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes and biofilm formation in different species of quinolone-resistant clinical Shigella isolates: a cross-sectional study.
The study identified qnrS, qnrA, and aac(6')-Ib-cr as significant plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in Shigella isolates, highlighting their role in fluoroquinolone resistance.
Antimicrobial resistance profiles and genome characteristics of Klebsiella isolated from the faeces of neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Klebsiella isolates from neonates in the NICU, including bla NDM-1, bla CTX-M-15, bla SHV-67, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aadA16, aph(3'')-Ib, and others. These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics such as carbapenems, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones. Additionally, the study found a multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain carrying several resistance genes and plasmids.
Carriage Rate of Enterobacterales Resistant to Extended-Spectrum Cephalosporins in the Tunisian Population.
The study identified bla CTX-M-15 and bla DHA-1 as the primary genes conferring resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins in Enterobacterales isolated from healthy Tunisian individuals. Additional resistance mechanisms included aminoglycoside, sulfonamide, tetracycline, and quinolone resistance genes.
Phylogenetics and Mobilization of Genomic Traits of Cephalosporin-Resistant Escherichia coli Originated from Retail Meat.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in cephalosporin-resistant E. coli from retail meat, including bla CTX-M-1, bla SHV-12, bla CMY-2, and others, highlighting the role of mobile genetic elements in the spread of resistance.
The ISVsa3-ORF2-abh-tet(X4) circular intermediate-mediated transmission of tigecycline resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from duck farms.
The study identifies the tet(X4) gene in E. coli isolates from duck farms, demonstrating its presence in a circular intermediate and its ability to transfer via conjugation, highlighting the potential for widespread tigecycline resistance.
Characterization of pKPN945B, a novel transferable IncR plasmid from hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, harboring bla(IMP-4) and qnrS1.
The study characterizes a novel transferable IncR plasmid, pKPN945B, from a hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strain, KPN945, which harbors the bla(IMP-4) and qnrS1 genes.
Genomic Characteristics of a Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Co-Carrying bla (NDM-5) and bla (KPC-2) Capsular Type KL25 Recovered from a County Level Hospital in China.
The study reports the genomic characteristics of a multidrug-resistant ST11 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate SM117 with capsular serotype KL25, co-carrying bla NDM-5, two copies of bla KPC-2, and multiple plasmid-borne virulence genes. The isolate shows resistance to all antibiotics except polymyxin.
Genetic landscape of ESBL producing international clone ST410 of Escherichia coli from pediatric infections in Shenzhen, China.
The study identifies multiple ESBL genes, including bla CTX-M, bla TEM, and bla SHV, along with other resistance genes such as bla OXA-1, bla KPC-2, bla NDM-1, and others, contributing to multidrug resistance in E. coli ST410 isolates from pediatric infections in Shenzhen, China.
Exploring microbial diversity and biosynthetic potential in zoo and wildlife animal microbiomes.
The study identified various AMR genes in zoo animal microbiomes, including resistance to tetracyclines, lincomamides, fluoroquinolones, vancomycin, beta-lactams, and aminoglycosides.
Genomic Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing and Third-Generation Cephalosporin-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from Stools of Primary Healthcare Patients in Ethiopia.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in E. coli isolates, including bla CTX-M-15, bla TEM-1B, tet(A), qnrS1, and others, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug resistance in the region.
The role of TiO(2) and gC(3)N(4) bimetallic catalysts in boosting antibiotic resistance gene removal through photocatalyst assisted peroxone process.
The study identifies the effectiveness of photocatalyst-assisted peroxone process in removing antibiotic resistance genes such as blaTEM, ermB, qnrS, and tetM.
A single amplified genome catalog reveals the dynamics of mobilome and resistome in the human microbiome.
The study identifies numerous AMR genes in oral and fecal SAGs, highlighting the presence of resistance mechanisms such as efflux pumps, quinolone resistance proteins, dihydrofolate reductases, erythromycin ribosome methyltransferases, and aminoglycoside phosphotransferases.
Investigation on the mechanisms of carbapenem resistance among the non-carbapenemase-producing carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.
The study identified non-carbapenemase β-lactamase genes and chromosomal mutations, including missense mutation or loss of ompK36 porin and frameshift missense mutation in efflux pump systems, as potential mechanisms of carbapenem resistance in NC-CRKP.
Characterisation of Antimicrobial Resistance in Special-Fed Veal Production Environments.
The study identified qnrS1 and blaTEM-1B as key genes contributing to fluoroquinolone and beta-lactam resistance in E. coli isolates from veal calf environments.
Emergence of bla(OXA-181)-bearing tigecycline-resistant Klebsiella aerogenes in China.
The study reports the isolation of a tigecycline-resistant Klebsiella aerogenes strain carrying the blaOXA-181 gene on an IncX3 plasmid, along with the qnrS1 and tet(A) genes, indicating multidrug resistance.
Analyzing Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria from Wastewater in Pakistan Using Whole-Genome Sequencing.
The study identifies several AMR genes and mutations in wastewater isolates from Pakistan, highlighting the presence of carbapenemases like blaNDM-5 and blaOXA-1, as well as quinolone resistance determinants such as gyrA and parC mutations. These findings emphasize the role of wastewater as a reservoir for clinically relevant AMR genes.
Determinants of Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Factors in the Genome of Escherichia coli APEC 36 Strain Isolated from a Broiler Chicken with Generalized Colibacillosis.
The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes in the E. coli APEC 36 strain, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, fluoroquinolone resistance genes, and efflux pumps, indicating a high level of multidrug resistance.
Determinants of Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Factors in the Genome of Escherichia coli APEC 36 Strain Isolated from a Broiler Chicken with Generalized Colibacillosis.
The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes in the E. coli APEC 36 strain, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, fluoroquinolone resistance genes, and efflux pumps, indicating a high level of multidrug resistance.
Genomic Characterization of 16S rRNA Methyltransferase-Producing Enterobacterales Reveals the Emergence of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST6260 Harboring rmtF, rmtB, bla(NDM-5), bla(OXA-232) and bla(SFO-1) Genes in a Cancer Hospital in Bulgaria.
The study identifies the emergence of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST6260 harboring multiple AMR genes, including rmtF, rmtB, bla(NDM-5), bla(OXA-232), and bla(SFO-1), highlighting the complexity of resistance mechanisms in Enterobacterales.
Genomic Characterization of 16S rRNA Methyltransferase-Producing Enterobacterales Reveals the Emergence of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST6260 Harboring rmtF, rmtB, bla(NDM-5), bla(OXA-232) and bla(SFO-1) Genes in a Cancer Hospital in Bulgaria.
The study identifies the emergence of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST6260 harboring multiple AMR genes, including rmtF, rmtB, bla(NDM-5), bla(OXA-232), and bla(SFO-1), highlighting the complexity of resistance mechanisms in Enterobacterales.
Molecular Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli from Fecal Samples of Wild Animals.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in E. coli isolates from wild animals, including beta-lactamases (bla TEM-1B, bla CTX-M-65, bla CTX-M-55, bla EC-1982), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac(3)-IIa, aadA2, aadA5, ant(3")-Ia, aph(3")-Ib, aph(3′)-Ia, aph(6)-Id), tetracycline resistance genes (tetB, tetA), trimethoprim resistance genes (dfrA17, dfrA1, dfrA5, dfrA12), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2, sul3), macrolide/lincosamide/streptogramin resistance genes (mphB, lnuF, ermC, mefC), quinolone resistance genes (qnrB19, qnrB5, qnrS1, qnrS2), and others. Additionally, point mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE were associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Molecular Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli from Fecal Samples of Wild Animals.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in E. coli isolates from wild animals, including beta-lactamases (bla TEM-1B, bla CTX-M-65, bla CTX-M-55, bla EC-1982), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac(3)-IIa, aadA2, aadA5, ant(3")-Ia, aph(3")-Ib, aph(3′)-Ia, aph(6)-Id), tetracycline resistance genes (tetB, tetA), trimethoprim resistance genes (dfrA17, dfrA1, dfrA5, dfrA12), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2, sul3), macrolide/lincosamide/streptogramin resistance genes (mphB, lnuF, ermC, mefC), quinolone resistance genes (qnrB19, qnrB5, qnrS1, qnrS2), and others. Additionally, point mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE were associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Molecular Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli from Fecal Samples of Wild Animals.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in E. coli isolates from wild animals, including beta-lactamases (bla TEM-1B, bla CTX-M-65, bla CTX-M-55, bla EC-1982), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac(3)-IIa, aadA2, aadA5, ant(3")-Ia, aph(3")-Ib, aph(3′)-Ia, aph(6)-Id), tetracycline resistance genes (tetB, tetA), trimethoprim resistance genes (dfrA17, dfrA1, dfrA5, dfrA12), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2, sul3), macrolide/lincosamide/streptogramin resistance genes (mphB, lnuF, ermC, mefC), quinolone resistance genes (qnrB19, qnrB5, qnrS1, qnrS2), and others. Additionally, point mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE were associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Molecular Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli from Fecal Samples of Wild Animals.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in E. coli isolates from wild animals, including beta-lactamases (bla TEM-1B, bla CTX-M-65, bla CTX-M-55, bla EC-1982), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aac(3)-IIa, aadA2, aadA5, ant(3")-Ia, aph(3")-Ib, aph(3′)-Ia, aph(6)-Id), tetracycline resistance genes (tetB, tetA), trimethoprim resistance genes (dfrA17, dfrA1, dfrA5, dfrA12), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2, sul3), macrolide/lincosamide/streptogramin resistance genes (mphB, lnuF, ermC, mefC), quinolone resistance genes (qnrB19, qnrB5, qnrS1, qnrS2), and others. Additionally, point mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE were associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
An antimicrobial resistance gene situationer in the backyard swine industry of a Philippine City.
The study identified the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in swine feces from backyard farms in Davao City, Philippines, including bla TEM, ermB, qnrS, and tetM, which are associated with resistance to beta-lactams, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines, respectively.
The characterization of an IncN-IncR fusion plasmid co-harboring bla(TEM-40), bla(KPC-2), and bla(IMP-4) derived from ST1393 Klebsiella pneumoniae.
The study characterizes a novel IncN-IncR fusion plasmid carrying bla(KPC-2), bla(IMP-4), and bla(TEM-40) genes, along with qnrS1, in a ST1393 Klebsiella pneumoniae strain. The plasmid was found to confer resistance to multiple carbapenems and other antibiotics.
Molecular characterization of the tet (M)-carrying transposon Tn7124 and plasmids in Escherichia coli isolates recovered from swine.
The study identifies the tet(M)-carrying transposon Tn7124 and plasmids pTA2 and pTA7 in E. coli isolates from swine, highlighting the presence of multiple antibiotic resistance genes such as tet(M), tet(A), floR, aadA1, cmlA1, aadA2, sul3, qnrS1, bleO, and oqxAB.
Assessment of Bacterial Contamination and Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli Isolates from Slovak Dairy Farms.
The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes in E. coli isolates from Slovak dairy farms, including bla TEM, bla SHV, bla CMY, sul 1, sul 2, tet B, and qnr S, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and quinolones.
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacterales in human health: Experience from the tricycle project, Ghana.
The study identified a high prevalence of ESBL-E carriage among pregnant women in Ghana, with blaCTX-M-15 being the most prevalent ESBL gene. The study also found that 50% of ESBL-E isolates were multidrug resistant, highlighting the urgent need for public health interventions to control the spread of AMR.
Emergence of hypervirulent and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae from 2014 - 2021 in Central and Eastern China: a molecular, biological, and epidemiological study.
The study identified blaKPC-2, blaNDM-5, blaOXA-232, qnrS, and fosA as the primary resistance genes in hypervirulent and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, highlighting their role in multidrug resistance.
A nosocomial outbreak of colistin and carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae in a large teaching hospital.
Biofilm Formation and Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Genes at Varying Quinolone Inhibitory Concentrations in Quinolone-Resistant Bacteria Superinfecting COVID-19 Inpatients.
The study identified plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrB, qnrS, and qnrA in various bacterial isolates from COVID-19 patients, highlighting their role in quinolone resistance and biofilm formation.
Survey in ruminants from Rwanda revealed high diversity and prevalence of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales.
The study identified various extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacterales in ruminants from Rwanda, including multiple beta-lactamase genes such as bla CTX-M-15, bla TEM-1, and others, along with non-beta-lactam resistance genes like tet(A), sul2, and qnrS1.
Escherichia coli from six European countries reveals differences in profile and distribution of critical antimicrobial resistance determinants within One Health compartments, 2013 to 2020.
The study identified various AMR genes in E. coli isolates from different sources in six European countries, highlighting differences in resistance profiles and the prevalence of specific resistance mechanisms such as beta-lactamases, quinolone resistance genes, and tetracycline resistance genes.
High carriage and possible hidden spread of multidrug-resistant Salmonella among asymptomatic workers in Yulin, China.
The study identifies several AMR genes, including qnrS, oqxA, aac(6')-Ib-cr, blaTEM, blaCTX-M, blaOXA, mcr-1, and mcr-9, in Salmonella isolates from asymptomatic workers in Yulin, China, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains.
Molecular mechanisms impact on fluoroquinolone resistance among E.coli from enteric carriage monitoring before prostate biopsy and earliest description of qnrB81.
The study identifies qnrB, qnrS, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and the novel allele qnrB81 as plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in E. coli isolates. Mutations in the QRDRs of gyrA and parC contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance.
Molecular mechanisms impact on fluoroquinolone resistance among E.coli from enteric carriage monitoring before prostate biopsy and earliest description of qnrB81.
The study identifies qnrB, qnrS, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and the novel allele qnrB81 as plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in E. coli isolates. Mutations in the QRDRs of gyrA and parC contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance.
Molecular mechanisms impact on fluoroquinolone resistance among E.coli from enteric carriage monitoring before prostate biopsy and earliest description of qnrB81.
The study identifies qnrB, qnrS, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and the novel allele qnrB81 as plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in E. coli isolates. Mutations in the QRDRs of gyrA and parC contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance.
Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria in Aquaculture Systems in Accra, Ghana.
The study identified multidrug-resistant bacteria in aquaculture systems in Accra, Ghana, with Escherichia coli and Aeromonas veronii being the predominant species. The ABR genes detected were blaCTX-M-15, fosA7, and qnrS1.
Resistome phylodynamics of multidrug-resistant Shigella isolated from diarrheal patients.
The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in multidrug-resistant Shigella strains, including beta-lactamases, macrolide resistance genes, quinolone resistance genes, and chromosomal mutations contributing to fluoroquinolone resistance.
Two outbreak cases involving ST65-KL2 and ST11-KL64 hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: similarity and diversity analysis.
The study identifies two outbreak cases of hypervirulent carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvCRKP) strains, ST65-KL2 and ST11-KL64, highlighting their distinct resistance mechanisms and virulence profiles.
Prevalence, detection of virulence genes and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolated from arbor acres broilers feeding cycle in China.
The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in E. coli isolates from broiler chickens, including floR, qnrS, mcr-1, aadE-Sat4-aphA-3, blaNDM, and aac(6')-lb. These genes were associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as florfenicol, ciprofloxacin, colistin, kanamycin, gentamicin, ampicillin, ceftiofur, and meropenem.
Fecal carriage of ESBL-producing E. coli and genetic characterization in rural children and livestock in the Somali region, Ethiopia: a one health approach.
The study identified bla CTX-M-15 as the most prevalent ESBL gene in both human and animal E. coli isolates, along with other resistance genes such as bla TEM-1B, bla OXA-1, and various aminoglycoside, sulfonamide, and trimethoprim resistance genes. Mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE were also associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Diversity and Resistance Profiles of ESBL-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria from Dairy Farms in Southern Türkiye.
The study identified ESBL-producing Gram-negative bacteria, including E. coli and C. freundii, carrying the blaCTX-M-15 gene, along with additional resistance genes such as qnrS1, sul1, aadA5, dfrA17, and mph(A). These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics, highlighting the spread of multidrug-resistant strains in dairy farms in southern Türkiye.
Tracking Multidrug Resistance in Gram-Negative Bacteria in Alexandria, Egypt (2020-2023): An Integrated Analysis of Patient Data and Diagnostic Tools.
The study identified bla NDM-5 as the most prevalent carbapenemase gene in E. coli isolates from Alexandria, Egypt, along with other resistance genes such as bla OXA-48, bla VIM, bla CTX-M-15, aadA2, aac(6')-Ib, qnrS1, dfrA12, sul1, and sul2.
Phenotypic and Genomic Characterization of ESBL- and AmpC-β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales Isolates from Imported Healthy Reptiles.
The study identified multiple ESBL and AmpC β-lactamase genes, including bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-55, bla CTX-M-3, bla CTX-M-27, bla CTX-M-65, bla SHV-12, bla SHV-42, bla DHA-1, bla CMY-2, bla CMY-3, bla CMY-46, bla CMY-101, bla ACT-16, bla CMH-like, and bla MIR-9, along with other AMR genes such as mcr-1, qnrS1, aac(6')-Ib-cr5, and various tetracycline, aminoglycoside, sulfonamide, chloramphenicol, macrolide, lincosamide, and rifampicin resistance genes in Enterobacterales isolates from imported healthy reptiles.
Phenotypic and Genomic Characterization of ESBL- and AmpC-β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales Isolates from Imported Healthy Reptiles.
The study identified multiple ESBL and AmpC β-lactamase genes, including bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-55, bla CTX-M-3, bla CTX-M-27, bla CTX-M-65, bla SHV-12, bla SHV-42, bla DHA-1, bla CMY-2, bla CMY-3, bla CMY-46, bla CMY-101, bla ACT-16, bla CMH-like, and bla MIR-9, along with other AMR genes such as mcr-1, qnrS1, aac(6')-Ib-cr5, and various tetracycline, aminoglycoside, sulfonamide, chloramphenicol, macrolide, lincosamide, and rifampicin resistance genes in Enterobacterales isolates from imported healthy reptiles.
Analysis of Efflux Pump Contributions and Plasmid-Mediated Genetic Determinants in Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Salmonella.
The study identifies oqxAB, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qnrS1 as key plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes in ciprofloxacin-resistant Salmonella. These genes contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance, with oqxAB and aac(6')-Ib-cr frequently co-occurring in strains. The role of efflux pumps and plasmid fusion in resistance dissemination is highlighted.
Antibiotic Resistance in Mammalian Wild Game: A Meta-Analysis
The study presents a comprehensive meta-analysis of antibiotic resistance in bacteria isolated from mammalian wild game, highlighting the prevalence of various AMR genes and mutations across different bacterial species.
Prevalence and genomic insights of carbapenem resistant and ESBL producing Multidrug resistant Escherichia coli in urinary tract infections.
The study identified multiple AMR genes, including NDM-5, CTX-M-15, TEM-1, and others, in carbapenem-resistant and ESBL-producing multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates from urinary tract infections.
Multidrug-resistant ST11-KL64 hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae with multiple bla- genes isolated from children's blood.
Pandemic one health clones of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae producing CTX-M-14, CTX-M-27, CTX-M-55 and CTX-M-65 ESβLs among companion animals in northern Ecuador.
The study identifies CTX-M-55, CTX-M-65, CTX-M-27, and CTX-M-14 ESβL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae in companion animals in Ecuador, highlighting their global One Health significance and the need for surveillance programs.
Molecular Epidemiology and In-Depth Characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae Clinical Isolates from Armenia.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes and mutations in K. pneumoniae isolates from Armenia, highlighting the presence of XDR and MDR strains with resistance to various antibiotics, including carbapenems, aminoglycosides, and quinolones.
Emerging multi-drug resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-positive enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) clones circulating in aquatic environments and in patients.
The study identifies bla CTX-M-15, qnrS1, dfrA17, aadA5, and sul1 as key AMR genes in ESBL-positive ETEC clones circulating in aquatic environments and in patients.
Capture of mobile genetic elements following intercellular conjugation promotes the production of ST11-KL64 CR-hvKP.
The study characterizes the AMR genes and mutations involved in the conjugation process between hvKP and CRKP strains, highlighting the role of mobile genetic elements in the emergence of ST11-KL64 CR-hvKP strains.
Occurrence of "under-the-radar" antibiotic resistance in anthropogenically affected produce.
The study identifies several clinically relevant AMR genes, including beta-lactamases (bla CTX-M, bla TEM, bla SHV, bla VIM-1), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aadA5, dfrA17, mph(A)), quinolone resistance gene (qnrS1), and sulfonamide resistance gene (sul1), which were found in anthropogenically affected lettuce samples. These genes were associated with multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae and were capable of horizontal gene transfer.
Bayesian phylogeographic analysis infers cross-border transmission dynamics of drug-resistant Salmonella Enteritidis.
The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella Enteritidis isolates from various regions, highlighting the cross-border transmission of drug-resistant strains and the significance of international food trade in spreading antimicrobial resistance.
Tracing the evolution: the rise of Salmonella Thompson co-resistant to clinically important antibiotics in China, 1997-2020.
The study identifies the IncC plasmid as a major driver of co-resistance to ciprofloxacin, cefotaxime, and azithromycin in Salmonella Thompson isolates in China, with specific resistance genes including qnrS1, qepA4, blaCMY-2, and mph(A).
Abundance of clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance genes in the golden jackal (Canis aureus) gut.
The study identified a high prevalence of clinically relevant antimicrobial resistance genes in golden jackals, including beta-lactamases (bla TEM-1, bla CTX-M-15, bla SHV), quinolone resistance (qnrS), and class 1 integrons (Int1).
Genomic epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of Morganella clinical isolates between 2016 and 2023.
The study identified several AMR genes in Morganella clinical isolates, including tet(B), sul1, catA2, sul2, floR, aadA1, and others, contributing to resistance against various antibiotics.
Genomic epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of Morganella clinical isolates between 2016 and 2023.
The study identified several AMR genes in Morganella clinical isolates, including tet(B), sul1, catA2, sul2, floR, aadA1, and others, contributing to resistance against various antibiotics.
Genomic insights into plasmid mediated AMR genes, virulence factors and mobile genetic elements in raw milk Escherichia coli from Gujarat, India.
The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes in E. coli isolates from raw milk in Gujarat, India, including beta-lactamases, quinolone resistance genes, efflux pumps, folate pathway antagonists, aminoglycoside resistance genes, and tetracycline resistance genes.
Detection of Possible Resistance Mechanisms in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Kidney Transplant Recipients Based on Whole Genome Sequencing.
The study identifies mutations in the gyrA gene and the presence of the qnrS1 gene as key contributors to quinolone resistance in uropathogenic E. coli strains. Additionally, mutations in glpT, cyaA, and uhpT genes are associated with fosfomycin resistance.
Exogenous plasmid capture to characterize tetracycline-resistance plasmids in sprouts obtained from retail in Germany.
The study identified tetracycline resistance genes tet(A) and tet(D), along with quinolone, sulfonamide, and trimethoprim resistance genes qnrS1, sul1, and dfrA1 in plasmids from sprout samples.
Unveiling the silent threat: A comprehensive review of Riemerella anatipestifer - From pathogenesis to drug resistance.
This review highlights the pathogenesis, virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance genes of Riemerella anatipestifer, emphasizing its significance in poultry farming and the need for further research on its resistance mechanisms.
Molecular epidemiology of Escherichia coli in bloodstream infections from a general hospital in Ningxia, China, 2022-2023.
The study identified bla CTX-M as the predominant ESBL gene and aac(6')-Ib-cr as the main quinolone resistance gene in E. coli causing bloodstream infections. Mutations in gyrA and parC were associated with quinolone resistance.
Molecular characterization of resistance and biofilm genes of ESKAPE pathogens isolated from clinical samples: examination of the effect of boric acid on biofilm ability by cell culture method.
The study identified various AMR genes in ESKAPE pathogens, including vanA and vanC for vancomycin resistance, blaKPC and blaOXA-48 for carbapenem resistance, and others related to tetracycline, sulfonamide, quinolone, and aminoglycoside resistance. Additionally, biofilm-related genes such as icaA, icaD, gelE, asa1, and esp were detected in Staphylococcus and Enterococcus spp. Quorum sensing genes LasI and LasR were found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and biofilm production genes like mrkA, wbbM, wzm, and luxS were identified in Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Molecular epidemiology of Salmonella Enteritidis in humans and animals in Spain.
The study identified various AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella Enteritidis isolates from Spain, including beta-lactamases, quinolone resistance genes, tetracycline resistance genes, and aminoglycoside resistance genes. Chromosomal mutations in the gyrA gene were also found to contribute to quinolone resistance.
Wastewater based genomic surveillance key to population level monitoring of AmpC/ESBL producing Escherichia coli.
The study identified various AMR genes and mutations in AmpC/ESBL-producing E. coli from wastewater samples in Finland, highlighting the prevalence of blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-27, and other resistance determinants.
Molecular epidemiology of a multidrug-resistant Shigella sonnei outbreak in Tunisia (2022-2023) using whole-genome sequencing.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes and mutations in a multidrug-resistant Shigella sonnei outbreak in Tunisia, including blaCTX-M-15, dfrA1, qnrS1, sul2, tet(A), mph(A), and blaTEM-35, along with the D87Y mutation in gyrA.
Carbapenem-Resistant, Virulence Plasmid-Harboring Klebsiella pneumoniae, United States.
The study identifies six pVir-CRKP isolates from the United States, highlighting their multidrug resistance and enhanced virulence traits. These isolates exhibit resistance to various antibiotics, including carbapenems, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, and aminoglycosides, due to the presence of specific AMR genes and mutations.
Genomic insights into extended-spectrum β-lactamase- and plasmid-borne AmpC-producing Escherichia coli transmission between humans and livestock in rural Cambodia.
The study identifies a wide range of AMR genes, including bla CTX-M, bla TEM, tet(A), sul2, aph(3'')-Ib, aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS1, lnu(F), mph(A), and mcr-1.1, in ESC-Ec strains from humans and livestock in rural Cambodia, highlighting the transmission of these genes between hosts.
Genomic analysis of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from dairy cows in Shihezi city, Xinjiang, China.
The study identified key AMR genes, including mphA, qnrS1, and bla CTX-M-55, in multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates from dairy cows in Shihezi City, China, highlighting the presence of resistance to macrolides, quinolones, and beta-lactams.
Strict relationship between phenotypic and plasmid-associated genotypic of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from Taihe Black-Boned Silky Fowl farms.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates from Taihe Black-Boned Silky Fowl farms, including blaTEM, blaOXA-10, tetA, tetR, floR, cmlA, qnrS, strA, strB, aadA, aac(3)-IId, sul, and dfrA. These genes were associated with resistance to beta-lactams, tetracyclines, chloramphenicol, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and sulfonamides.
Comprehensive genomic epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance profiles of clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae species complex isolates from a tertiary hospital in Wenzhou, China (2019-2021).
The study identified a variety of antimicrobial resistance genes in clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae species complex isolates, including bla KPC−2, bla CTX−M, bla SHV, aac(6')-Ib, aadA1, aadA2, aph(3')-Ia, oqxAB, qnrB19, qnrS1, tet(A), tet(D), sul1, sul2, sul3, cmlA1, floR, fosA, and fosA3. These genes confer resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics, highlighting the complexity of antimicrobial resistance in these isolates.
Seasonal prevalence and antimicrobial resistance profiles in Enterococcus spp. identified from mussels farmed along the coasts of the Abruzzo region.
The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in Enterococcus spp. isolated from mussels, including tetC, tetD, cfr, vanA, vanD, vatE, vatD, and qnrS, which confer resistance to tetracycline, linezolid, vancomycin, and fluoroquinolone.
Stool carriage of CTX-M/CMY-producing Salmonella enterica in a Chinese tertiary hospital in Shenzhen, China.
The study identified bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-55, bla CTX-M-65, and bla CMY-2 as the primary beta-lactamase genes contributing to cefotaxime resistance in Salmonella isolates. These genes were found in various Salmonella serotypes, with bla CTX-M-65 being exclusive to S. 4,[5],12:i:- strains.
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated Fosfomycin resistance in waterfowl-derived Escherichia coli strains: insights into genetic context and transmission dynamics in China.
The study identifies fosA3 as a prevalent plasmid-mediated fosfomycin resistance gene in waterfowl-derived E. coli strains, along with other resistance genes such as blaCTX-M-55, blaNDM-5, mcr-1.1, tetA, floR, qnrS, sul2, and aphA1. These genes contribute to multidrug resistance and highlight the importance of monitoring their spread.
Whole-genome-based characterization of Escherichia albertii strains isolated from paediatric diarrhoeal cases in Kolkata, India.
The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes in Escherichia albertii isolates, including beta-lactamases (bla CTX-M-55, bla TEM-105), quinolone resistance genes (qnrS1, qnrB32), sulfonamide resistance gene (sul2), tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetR), and trimethoprim resistance gene (dfrA1).
Antimicrobial Resistance in Livestock and Its Impact on Public Health
The study highlights the role of livestock environments as reservoirs for antimicrobial resistance genes, identifying blaCTX-M-1, tetA, qnrS, and sul2 as key contributors to resistance in Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Staphylococcus spp.
Recent emergence of cephalosporin-resistant Salmonella Typhi in India due to the endemic clone acquiring IncFIB(K) plasmid encoding bla (CTX-M-15) gene.
The study identifies the emergence of a new clone of ceftriaxone-resistant Salmonella Typhi in India, which acquired an IncFIB(K) plasmid encoding the bla(CTX-M-15) gene, along with other resistance determinants such as qnrS1, sul2, dfrA14, tet(A), aph(3"), and aph(6').
Genomic characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli spread among chickens and healthy residents in Lombok, Indonesia.
The study identifies bla CTX-M-55, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-1, bla CMY-2, and bla DHA-1 as the most prevalent extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes in E. coli isolates from chickens and humans in Lombok, Indonesia. Additionally, the study characterizes a 200 kb IncHI1 plasmid carrying multiple resistance genes, including aac(3)-IId, aph(6)-Id, aph(3’’)-Ib, aadA17, mph(A), Inu(F), qnrS1, sul2, and dfrA14, contributing to multidrug resistance.
Genomic analyses reveal presence of extensively drug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovars isolated from clinical samples in Guizhou province, China, 2019-2023.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes and mutations in XDR Salmonella isolates from Guizhou, China, including bla TEM-1, bla CTX-M-55, qnrS1, oqxA, aac(6')-Ib-cr, tetA, mcr-1.1, and bla NDM-1, as well as mutations in gyrA and parC associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Molecular epidemiological analysis and research on resistance and virulence of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in a tertiary hospital from 2016 to 2023.
The study identified bla KPC−2 as the predominant carbapenem resistance gene in 93% of CRKP isolates, with additional resistance genes including bla NDM−5, bla IMP−38, bla TEM−1, dfrA14, CTX-M−3, TEM−213, and QnrS8. Virulence genes such as entB, mrkD, fimH, and ybtS were commonly detected.
Antimicrobial susceptibility trends of S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi in a post-COVID-19 pandemic India, from a multicenter surveillance network.
The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes including blaCTX-M-15, qnrS1, sul2, dfrA14, and tet(A) in ceftriaxone-resistant S. Typhi isolates. A S83F mutation in gyrA was associated with reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin.
Ecological prevalence and genomic characterization of Salmonella isolated from selected poultry farms in Jiangxi province, China.
The study identified 61 antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in Salmonella isolates from poultry farms in Jiangxi, China, including aph(3')-Ia, qnrS1, aph(3'')-Ib, tetA, bla TEM, bla SHV, and bla CTX-M, which conferred resistance to aminoglycosides, quinolones, tetracyclines, and beta-lactams.
Pan-genome analysis of the Enterobacter hormaechei complex highlights its genomic flexibility and pertinence as a multidrug resistant pathogen.
The study identifies a wide range of antibiotic resistance genes in the Enterobacter hormaechei complex, highlighting its multidrug-resistant nature and the role of mobile genetic elements in the dissemination of resistance.
Mobile genetic elements in Klebsiella pneumoniae.
The paper characterizes several AMR genes including bla KPC, bla NDM-5, mcr-1, mcr-7, mcr-8, tet(X), and tmexCD1-toprJ1, highlighting their role in carbapenem, colistin, and tigecycline resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Intestinal and Extraintestinal Pathotypes of Escherichia coli Are Prevalent in Food Prepared and Marketed on the Streets from the Central Zone of Mexico and Exhibit a Differential Phenotype of Resistance Against Antibiotics.
The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes in E. coli isolates from street-prepared food in Mexico, including strA, sul1, catA1, floR, qnrS, and tetA, which confer resistance to streptomycin, sulfonamides, chloramphenicol, quinolones, and tetracycline.
Genome-Based Molecular Diversity of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli From Pigeons in China.
The study identifies multiple extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) genes, including bla CTX-M, bla TEM, bla OXA, bla LAP, and bla CMY, as well as other antibiotic resistance genes such as mcr-1, mcr-1.1, tet(X4), aadA1, aadA2, aph(6)-Id, aph(3")-Ib, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3')-IIa, aac(3)-IVa, aph(4)-Ia, tet(A), tet(M), sul2, sul3, dfrA14, qnrS1, arr-2, fosA3, cmlA5, floR, mph(A), and lnu(F) in ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from pigeons in China.
Plasmid-Mediated Co-Occurrence of mcr-1.1 in Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated From the Indigenous Seminomadic Community in Malaysia.
The study identifies the presence of mcr-1.1, bla TEM, bla CTX-M−15, bla CTX-M−55, and other resistance genes in ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from the Jehai community in Malaysia, highlighting the co-occurrence of multiple antibiotic resistance mechanisms.
Plasmid-Mediated Co-Occurrence of mcr-1.1 in Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Escherichia coli Isolated From the Indigenous Seminomadic Community in Malaysia.
The study identifies the presence of mcr-1.1, bla TEM, bla CTX-M−15, bla CTX-M−55, and other resistance genes in ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from the Jehai community in Malaysia, highlighting the co-occurrence of multiple antibiotic resistance mechanisms.
Drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae from patients and hospital effluent: a correlation?
The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes in clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, including bla TEM, bla SHV, bla CTX-M, and bla OXA families, as well as aminoglycoside, fluoroquinolone, and sulfonamide resistance genes. Effluent isolates showed fewer resistance genes and lower resistance levels compared to clinical isolates.
Drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae from patients and hospital effluent: a correlation?
The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes in clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, including bla TEM, bla SHV, bla CTX-M, and bla OXA families, as well as aminoglycoside, fluoroquinolone, and sulfonamide resistance genes. Effluent isolates showed fewer resistance genes and lower resistance levels compared to clinical isolates.
Antimicrobial Resistance in Nigeria: A Comprehensive Review of Environmental, Food, and Clinical Impacts
The study identifies several AMR genes, including bla CTX-M-15, floR, and various tetracycline and sulfonamide resistance genes, highlighting the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria in Nigeria's environment, food supply chain, and clinical settings.
Molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant E. coli recovered from diarrheagenic children under 5 years from Mukuru Informal Settlement, Nairobi, Kenya, based on whole-genome sequencing analysis.
The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates from diarrheagenic children in Nairobi, Kenya, highlighting the presence of blaTEM-1B, blaCTX-M-15, qnrS1, qnrB4, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and other resistance mechanisms.
Antimicrobial resistance and genetic diversity of Escherichia coli isolated from marine bivalves.
The study identified several AMR genes in E. coli isolates from marine bivalves, including bla TEM, bla CTX-M9, bla SHV, bla CTX-M2, bla CTX-M8/25, qnrS, qnrB, sul1, and sul2. These genes were associated with resistance to various antibiotics, highlighting the role of marine environments in the dissemination of AMR.
The pet café is a neglected site for transmission of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in urban life.
The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in Escherichia coli isolates from pet cafés, highlighting the role of plasmids in the transmission of these genes. Key ARGs include tet(X4), sul2, sul3, strA, strB, dfrA14, qnrS1, qnrS2, oqxB, blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-65, floR, and tet(A).
The pet café is a neglected site for transmission of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in urban life.
The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in Escherichia coli isolates from pet cafés, highlighting the role of plasmids in the transmission of these genes. Key ARGs include tet(X4), sul2, sul3, strA, strB, dfrA14, qnrS1, qnrS2, oqxB, blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-65, floR, and tet(A).
Transmissible antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from household drinking water in Ibadan, Nigeria.
The study identified several AMR genes in E. coli isolates from household water in Ibadan, Nigeria, including blaTEM-1B, dfrA14, tetA, qnrS1, and mcr-1, highlighting the potential for horizontal gene transfer and the risk of AMR spread in the environment.
Molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in the Greater Accra Region, Ghana: a 'One Health' approach.
The study identified multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolates carrying various AMR genes, including blaTEM-1B, tetA, sul2, aph(3'')-Id, dfrA14, qnrS1, and blaCTX-M-15, highlighting the spread of resistance mechanisms in the Greater Accra Region.
Comprehensive analysis of extensive drug-resistant Salmonella Typhi in Gujarat region, India: genomic findings and prospective alternative therapy.
The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in extensive drug-resistant Salmonella Typhi isolates from Gujarat, India, including aph(3'')-Ib, aph(6)-Id, bla CTX-M, dfrA14, qnrS1, sul2, tet(A), mdtK, and gyrA mutations, contributing to resistance against various antibiotics such as tetracycline, fluoroquinolones, and beta-lactams.
Mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance among Escherichia coli isolates from urinary tract infections in Thailand.
The study identified aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS, and the AcrAB efflux system as key contributors to fluoroquinolone resistance in E. coli isolates from Thai UTI patients, alongside specific mutations in gyrA and parC genes.
Dogs fed raw meat-based diets are vectors of drug-resistant Salmonella infection in humans.
Dogs fed raw meat-based diets are vectors of drug-resistant Salmonella infection in humans.
High-throughput clinical antimicrobial susceptibility testing and drug-resistant subpopulation detection in Gram-negative bacteria.
The study introduces the EZMTT method for enhanced detection of drug-resistant subpopulations in Gram-negative bacteria, showing superior sensitivity compared to conventional methods like BMD and VITEK. It identifies specific resistance genes such as bla in clinical isolates.
Prevalence and molecular characterisation of multi-drug resistant ST11 hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae in a teaching hospital.
The study identifies several AMR genes in CRKP strains, including bla KPC-2, bla NDM-1, bla VIM, bla SHV-12, bla TEM-1b, aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS, qnrB, rmtB, ant(3'')-I, armA, sul1, sul2, iucA, iutA, iroN, ybtS, mrkD, fimH, and p rmpA. These genes confer resistance to carbapenems, quinolones, aminoglycosides, and sulfonamides. Additionally, the study highlights the transferability of these genes through conjugation.
Genomic insights into antibiotic-resistant non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from outpatients in Minhang District in Shanghai.
The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes and mutations in non-typhoidal Salmonella isolates from Minhang District, Shanghai, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains and the role of specific genetic elements in resistance mechanisms.
Synergistic effect of electrolyzed oxidized water (EO) and peroxyacetic acid on plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
The study identified the presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes (qnrA, qnrS) and the biofilm-associated gene pslA in P. aeruginosa isolates. The combination of EOW and PAA was effective in reducing the expression of these genes and eliminating biofilms.
Dissemination of KPC-2-producing carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST792 in Southern China.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes, including blaKPC-2, qnrS1, blaCTX-M-3, blaTEM-1B, and blaSHV-1, in KPC-2-producing carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST792 isolates, highlighting their multidrug-resistant phenotype and plasmid-mediated transmission.
Antibiotics Resistance Profile of Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Obtained from Farwaniya Hospital in Kuwait Using Phenotypic and Molecular Methods.
The study identified blaVEB, blaVIM, aac(6')-Ib, and qnrS as the most prevalent resistance genes in MDR P. aeruginosa isolates. Mutations in gyrA (Thr83Ile) and parC (Ser87Leu) were strongly associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.
Occurrence and Drivers of Antibiotic Resistance Genes Carried by Bacteriophages in Soils Following Different Fertilization Treatments.
The study identified 19 pARG subtypes in soils with different fertilization treatments, highlighting the impact of organic fertilizers on the diversity and abundance of antibiotic resistance genes carried by bacteriophages.
Characterizing antimicrobial resistance and plasmidome diversity in Escherichia coli from imported frozen broiler chicken in the United Arab Emirates.
The study identified several AMR genes in E. coli isolates from imported frozen broiler chicken in the UAE, including bla CTX-M-55, bla CTX-M-8, bla TEM-1B, aadA1, qnrS1, tetA, sul1, sul2, and sul3. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, and sulfonamides.
Genomic insights into multidrug - resistant Salmonella enterica isolates from pet dogs and cats.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica isolates from pet dogs and cats, including aac(6')-Iaa, aadA1, aadA2, blaTEM-1B, qacL, sul3, tet(A), qnrS1, fosA7, dfrA12, cmlA1, aph(3')-Ib, aph(6)-Id, blaCTX-M-55, blaTEM-215, and floR, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and chloramphenicol.
Acquired antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas spp., Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter spp. in the Western Balkans and Hungary with a One Health outlook.
The study identifies various acquired antibiotic resistance genes in Pseudomonas spp., Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter spp. in the Western Balkans and Hungary, including beta-lactamases like bla VIM-2-like, bla NDM-1, bla OXA-23, and bla OXA-66, aminoglycoside resistance genes such as aacA4, aadA2, and aphA, sulfonamide resistance gene sul1, and others. These genes confer resistance to multiple antibiotics, highlighting the complexity of antimicrobial resistance in the region.
Acquired antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas spp., Escherichia coli and Acinetobacter spp. in the Western Balkans and Hungary with a One Health outlook.
The study identifies various acquired antibiotic resistance genes in Pseudomonas spp., Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter spp. in the Western Balkans and Hungary, including beta-lactamases like bla VIM-2-like, bla NDM-1, bla OXA-23, and bla OXA-66, aminoglycoside resistance genes such as aacA4, aadA2, and aphA, sulfonamide resistance gene sul1, and others. These genes confer resistance to multiple antibiotics, highlighting the complexity of antimicrobial resistance in the region.
Human-wildlife ecological interactions shape Escherichia coli population and resistome in two sloth species from Costa Rica.
The study identified several AMR genes in E. coli isolates from two sloth species in Costa Rica, including blaTEM-1B, aph(3')-Id, aph(6)-Id, tet(A), tet(B), sul2, qnrS1, floR, and dfrA8, which were associated with resistance to various antibiotics.
Antimicrobial resistance and virulence gene profiles of Escherichia coli isolated from poultry farms using One Health perspective in Abeokuta, Nigeria.
The study identified 30 different resistance determinants in 14 whole genome sequenced E. coli isolates from poultry farms in Abeokuta, Nigeria. These included genes such as blaTEM-1B, blaCARB-2, aph(3'')-Ib, aph(6)-Id, floR, sul1, sul2, tet(A), and tet(B), among others, which conferred resistance to various antimicrobial classes.
Antimicrobial resistance and virulence gene profiles of Escherichia coli isolated from poultry farms using One Health perspective in Abeokuta, Nigeria.
The study identified 30 different resistance determinants in 14 whole genome sequenced E. coli isolates from poultry farms in Abeokuta, Nigeria. These included genes such as blaTEM-1B, blaCARB-2, aph(3'')-Ib, aph(6)-Id, floR, sul1, sul2, tet(A), and tet(B), among others, which conferred resistance to various antimicrobial classes.
Overlooked Enterobacterales as hosts of antimicrobial resistance in aquatic environments.
The study identified several AMR genes in environmental Enterobacterales isolates, including blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M, tetA, tetB, tetC, tetL, tetM, sul1, sul2, qnrS, ermB, and mefA, which conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, ceftazidime, cefepime, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, and erythromycin.
Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Resistance Genes of Escherichia coli From Poultry Farms and Clinical Samples.
The study identified several AMR genes in E. coli isolates from poultry and clinical samples, including blaTEM, gyrA, gyrB, qnrB, qnrB4, qnrS, blaCTX-M, sul1, sul2, tetA, and tetB. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines. High levels of resistance were observed against tylosin, neomycin, tetracycline, ampicillin, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.
Population Structure, Genomic Features, and Antibiotic Resistance of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli in Shandong Province and Adjacent Regions, China (2008-2023).
The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes and mutations in Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) isolates from Shandong Province and adjacent regions in China, highlighting the high prevalence of multidrug resistance and the presence of specific resistance mechanisms such as beta-lactamases, tetracycline resistance genes, and fluoroquinolone resistance mutations.
Genomic characterization and global relatedness of multidrug-resistant Salmonella Goldcoast ST2529.
The study identifies the bla NDM-1 gene in a multidrug-resistant Salmonella Goldcoast ST2529 strain, which confers resistance to multiple beta-lactam antibiotics, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and fluoroquinolones. The gene is located on an IncFII-type plasmid and was successfully transferred via conjugation.
Genomic and Phenotypic Insights Into Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae From the Environment in Southern Taiwan.
The study identifies qnrS1 and mcr-10 as key AMR genes in environmental K. pneumoniae isolates, highlighting their role in ciprofloxacin and colistin resistance, respectively. It also shows that environmental K. pneumoniae can transfer AMR genes via plasmid conjugation.
Unveiling the Genetic Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Salmonella Population From 2016 to 2020 in Thai Canal Water.
The study identified 50 acquired resistance genes and seven chromosomal-mediated gene mutations in Salmonella populations from Thai canal water, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains and the diversity of resistance mechanisms.
Analyzing Shigella in Wuhan: Serotypes, Antimicrobial Resistance, and Public Health Implications.
The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in Shigella flexneri isolates from Wuhan, including blaCTX-M, blaOXA, blaTEM, dfrA1, sul2, tetB, aadA1, and qnrS, along with specific mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE that confer resistance to various antibiotics.
Epidemiology of potential source, risk attribution of Clostridium perfringens from Egyptian broiler farms and genetic diversity of multidrug resistance strains.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in Clostridium perfringens isolates from Egyptian broiler farms, including aminoglycoside, beta-lactam, macrolide, quinolone, sulfonamide, tetracycline, and trimethoprim resistance genes. High prevalence of multidrug-resistant strains was observed.
Ecological connectivity of genomic markers of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli in Hong Kong.
The study identifies various antimicrobial resistance genes in E. coli isolates from Hong Kong, including blaTEM-1, floR, tet(A), aph(3')-Ia, blaNDM, tet(X4), and mcr, which confer resistance to multiple antibiotics.
Investigation into the occurrence and molecular characteristics of Salmonella from food animals in Shandong, China.
The study identified several AMR genes in Salmonella isolates from food animals in Shandong, China, including blaTEM, blaCTX-M, qnrS, oqxA, oqxB, aph(3')-II, aac(6')-Ib-cr, rmtB, mcr-1, and mphA, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, amikacin, colistin, and azithromycin.
Plasmid-driven clonal expansion of multidrug-resistant monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium in a Global Food Trade Hub.
The study identifies several AMR genes and mutations in multidrug-resistant Salmonella 1,4,[5],12:i:-, including aac(6')-Iaa, tet(B), blaTEM-1B, blaOXA-1, qnrS1, mcr-1.1, blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-55, blaNDM-5, and sul2, which contribute to resistance against various antibiotics.
Cefiderocol-resistant pathogens in German hospital wastewater: a reservoir for multidrug resistance.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes, including bla NDM−1, bla VIM−1, bla OXA−48, and bla KPC−2, in cefiderocol-resistant isolates from German hospital wastewater, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant pathogens with diverse resistance mechanisms.
Nanopore Sequencing-Driven Mapping of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Selected Escherichia coli Isolates from Pigs and Poultry Layers in Nigeria.
The study identified 95 antimicrobial resistance genes in 10 E. coli isolates from pigs and poultry in Nigeria, including genes such as qnrS1, qnrS10, qnrS15, kdpE, cmlA1, MIR-14, sul3, dfrA12, blaEc15, blaACT58, and blaEc18, which confer resistance to various antibiotics.
Nanopore Sequencing-Driven Mapping of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Selected Escherichia coli Isolates from Pigs and Poultry Layers in Nigeria.
The study identified 95 antimicrobial resistance genes in 10 E. coli isolates from pigs and poultry in Nigeria, including genes such as qnrS1, qnrS10, qnrS15, kdpE, cmlA1, MIR-14, sul3, dfrA12, blaEc15, blaACT58, and blaEc18, which confer resistance to various antibiotics.
Nanopore Sequencing-Driven Mapping of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Selected Escherichia coli Isolates from Pigs and Poultry Layers in Nigeria.
The study identified 95 antimicrobial resistance genes in 10 E. coli isolates from pigs and poultry in Nigeria, including genes such as qnrS1, qnrS10, qnrS15, kdpE, cmlA1, MIR-14, sul3, dfrA12, blaEc15, blaACT58, and blaEc18, which confer resistance to various antibiotics.
Efficacy and in vitro activity of gepotidacin against bacterial uropathogens, including subsets with molecularly characterized resistance mechanisms and genotypes/epidemiological clones, in females with uncomplicated urinary tract infections: results from two global, pivotal, phase 3 trials (EAGLE-2 and EAGLE-3).
The study analyzed the in vitro activity of gepotidacin against various uropathogens, including those with molecularly characterized resistance mechanisms. Key AMR genes identified include qnrS1, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and several beta-lactamase genes such as blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-27, blaTEM-1, and others. Fluoroquinolone resistance mutations in gyrA and parC were also noted.
Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella and Characterization of Two Mcr-1-Harboring Isolates from Pork Products in Guangdong, China.
Two mcr-1-harboring Salmonella Kentucky ST198 isolates were identified, showing resistance to multiple antibiotics including colistin, tetracycline, and fluoroquinolones. The study highlights the presence of complex resistance determinants such as the multidrug resistance region (MRR) and SGI1-KI.
Prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and virulence profiles of fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from companion animals in Sapporo, Japan.
The study identified several AMR genes, including bla CTX-M-27, bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-55, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qnrS13, in fluoroquinolone-resistant E. coli isolates from companion animals in Sapporo, Japan. Mutations in gyrA (S83L) and parC (S80I) were also found to contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance.
An NGS-assisted diagnostic workflow for culture-independent detection of bloodstream pathogens and prediction of antimicrobial resistances in sepsis.
The study evaluated the diagnostic performance of PISTE™ technology, an NGS-based workflow for detecting bloodstream pathogens and predicting antimicrobial resistance. It showed high accuracy in identifying pathogens and predicting resistance genes, including beta-lactamases, carbapenemases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, tetracycline efflux pumps, and quinolone resistance proteins.
First national study on genomic profiling of Escherichia coli in United Arab Emirates (UAE) aquatic environments shows diverse Quinolone and Cephalosporin resistance.
The study identified bla CTX-M-15, qnrS1, and bla NDM-5 as the most prevalent AMR genes in E. coli isolates from UAE aquatic environments, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains and the role of plasmids in spreading resistance.
Evidence of ESBL plasmid transfer and selective persistence of multiple host-associated Escherichia coli isolates in a chicken cecal fermentation model.
The study identifies multiple ESBL-producing E. coli isolates and characterizes their resistance genes, highlighting the transfer of bla CTX-M-1 plasmids among isolates in a chicken cecal fermentation model.
Navigating an evolving microbial landscape: emerging antimicrobial resistance trends and precision stewardship in Tianjin tertiary hospitals (2021-2023).
The study identified significant trends in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns among clinical isolates from hospitals in Tianjin, highlighting the increasing resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae to various antibiotics, including carbapenems, and the notable decline in ceftazidime/avibactam resistance in E. coli. Additionally, it noted the emergence of resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to several antimicrobials.
Prevalence and genetic characteristics of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in wild birds in Japan.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in E. coli isolates from wild birds in Japan, including bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-55, bla MOX-4, bla CMY-2, qnrS1, qnrS2, and mutations in gyrA and parC that confer resistance to cefotaxime, nalidixic acid, and ciprofloxacin.
Prevalence and genetic characteristics of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in wild birds in Japan.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in E. coli isolates from wild birds in Japan, including bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-55, bla MOX-4, bla CMY-2, qnrS1, qnrS2, and mutations in gyrA and parC that confer resistance to cefotaxime, nalidixic acid, and ciprofloxacin.
Antibiotic resistance and novel Sequence Types of Klebsiella spp. in human, animal, and food sources: a One Health perspective from Northern Nigeria.
The study identified various AMR genes in Klebsiella spp. isolates from human, animal, and food sources, including strB, qnrS1, sul2, tetA, dfrA14, blaTEM-1, and blaSHV-11, which conferred resistance to multiple antibiotics.
Unveiling community structure, antimicrobial resistance, and virulence factor of a wastewater sample of dairy farm located in mayurbhanj, odisha, india.
The study identified several antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in a dairy wastewater sample, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside acetyltransferases, tetracycline resistance proteins, quinolone resistance proteins, and macrolide ribosome methyltransferases. These genes were found in various bacterial species such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Phenotypic and Molecular Study of Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolates Expressing Diverse Resistance and Virulence Genes from Broilers in Tunisia.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates from broilers in Tunisia, including bla CTX-M-G1, bla TEM, bla SHV, bla OXA-48, bla IMP, mcr-1, aadA-1, aadA-5, aac(6)-Ib-cr, qnrS, and qnrB.
Resistance Mechanisms of Fluoroquinolone in Escherichia coli Isolated from Taihe Black-Boned Silky Fowl Exhibiting Abnormally Slow Fluoroquinolone Metabolism in Jiangxi, China.
This study identified the qnrS1 gene and several mutations in the QRDRs of GyrA and ParC as key contributors to fluoroquinolone resistance in E. coli isolates from Taihe Black-Boned Silky Fowl farms. Notably, the GyrA-S83Q mutation was reported as novel.
Multidrug-Resistant pESI-Harboring Salmonella enterica Serovar Muenchen Sequence Type 82 in Poultry and Humans, Israel, 2020-2023.
Characteristics of quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from wildlife in Poland.
Characterization of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistant genes among uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates in Bushehr, south of Iran.
The study identified qnrS and qnrB genes as significant contributors to quinolone resistance in uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from Bushehr, Iran. These genes were associated with resistance to various quinolone antibiotics.
Antibiotic resistance in white stork cloaca and environmental samples
The study identified various antibiotic resistance genes in bacterial isolates from white stork cloaca and environmental samples, highlighting the presence of resistance mechanisms against beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, quinolones, and polymyxins.
Antimicrobial resistance reservoirs in salmon and broiler processing environments, sidestreams, and waste discharges.
The study identified several high-risk AMR genes in salmon and broiler processing environments, including multidrug resistance genes TolC and mdtE, tetracycline genes tet(L) and tet(M), aminoglycoside genes APH(3′)-IIIa and APH(6)-Id, and beta-lactam genes mecA and mecR1. Additionally, the study found quinolone-resistant Escherichia coli (QREC) in waste discharges from two broiler processing plants and multidrug resistant (MDR) E. coli in one plant.
Molecular characterization of drug-resistance genes and dynamics of multidrug-resistant Salmonella spp. in waterfowl: a pre- and post-antibiotic ban surveillance in Guangdong, China from 2013 to 2023.
The study identified several AMR genes in Salmonella isolates from waterfowl in Guangdong, China, including bla CTX-M, bla TEM, bla OXA, aad A1, aad A2, aac C2, aac (3)-IV, aph (3’)-I, qnr A, qnr S, clm A, flo R, tet (A), and Sul II. These genes were associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as β-lactams, aminoglycosides, quinolones, chloramphenicol, tetracyclines, and sulfonamides.
Antimicrobial resistance profiles and genomic insights of phenotypically extended spectrum β-lactamase-positive Klebsiella pneumoniae from cattle farms.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes, including bla TEM, bla SHV, bla AmpC, qnrS, and tetA, in phenotypically ESBL-positive K. pneumoniae isolates from cattle farms in Punjab, India. These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics, highlighting the potential for AMR spread in livestock environments.
Resistance, virulence and genetic diversity of Salmonella Typhimurium in South Africa (1999-2021).
The study identified several AMR genes in Salmonella Typhimurium isolates from South Africa, including beta-lactamases (bla PSE, bla CMY-2, bla TEM, bla SHV), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2, sul3), fluoroquinolone resistance genes (qnrA, qnrB, qnrS), tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetB), and trimethoprim resistance genes (dfrXI, dfrXII).
Diversity and antimicrobial resistance among bacterial isolates from finfish aquaculture in Thailand.
The study identified high levels of antimicrobial resistance in bacterial isolates from finfish aquaculture in Thailand, with particular emphasis on beta-lactam, tetracycline, and fluoroquinolone resistance in Gram-negative bacteria, and beta-lactam, macrolide, fluoroquinolone, and peptide resistance in Gram-positive bacteria. Unique resistance gene families, such as the SMR efflux pump and OXA beta-lactamase, were found in Aeromonas spp. and V. vulnificus.
Analysis of the microbial spectrum of urinary tract infections and antibiotic resistance of UPEC in Central Inner Mongolia, China.
The study identifies mutations in GyrA and ParC genes, along with PMQR genes such as qnrS, qnrB, and qepA, as major contributors to levofloxacin resistance in UPEC strains in Central Inner Mongolia, China.
Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance among extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from hospitalized patients, hospital environment and wastewaters in Cameroon.
The study identified aac-(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS, blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV as the primary AMR genes in ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae in Cameroon. These genes were associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones and beta-lactam antibiotics.
Community gut colonization by tet(X4)-positive multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli in healthy individuals from urban residents in Shenzhen, China.
The study identifies tet(X4)-positive multidrug-resistant E. coli in healthy individuals from urban areas in Shenzhen, China, highlighting the presence of tigecycline resistance and other resistance genes in the community gut microbiota.
Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis of Drug-Resistant Salmonella Typhi in Children.
The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in drug-resistant Salmonella Typhi isolates from children, including bla_CTXM15, bla_TEM1B, qnrS1, aac6'Ia, catA1, dfrA7, sul1, qacEΔ1, and the gyrA_S83F mutation, which are associated with resistance to various antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin, ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and sulfamethoxazole.
Molecular genetic portrait of virulence and ciprofloxacin resistance genes in clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates from Khartoum, Sudan.
The study identified the prevalence of ciprofloxacin resistance genes (gyrA, parC, qnrA, qnrB, qnrS) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from Khartoum, Sudan, and found a strong association between these genes and ciprofloxacin resistance.
Global genomic survey of Salmonella Kentucky: discovery of a chromosomeborne bla(NDM-5) and the emergence of ST314, an MDR clone mediated by the IncR plasmid.
The study discovered a chromosome-borne bla(NDM-5) gene in Salmonella Kentucky and identified the IncR plasmid as a key mediator of antimicrobial resistance in the MDR clone ST314.
Antibiotic resistance selection and deselection in municipal wastewater from 47 countries.
The study found that some municipal wastewater samples selected for antibiotic resistance in E. coli, while others led to deselection. Certain antibiotics and biocides were associated with resistance selection, but none were identified as key drivers. The research highlights the complexity of resistance evolution in wastewater environments.
Pathogenic potential of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from aquatic environment: a study of multidrug resistance and virulence.
The study identified several AMR genes in AMC-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates from aquatic environments, including bla TEM, bla SHV, bla CTX-M, bla NDM, bla OXA-48, bla CMY, qnr S, qnr B, tet A, tet B, sul 1, dfr A12, intl 1, intl 2, mrk D, ecp A, and iuc C. These genes were associated with resistance to multiple antibiotics, highlighting the complex resistance profiles of these isolates.
Pathogenic potential of amoxicillin-clavulanic acid resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from aquatic environment: a study of multidrug resistance and virulence.
The study identified several AMR genes in AMC-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates from aquatic environments, including bla TEM, bla SHV, bla CTX-M, bla NDM, bla OXA-48, bla CMY, qnr S, qnr B, tet A, tet B, sul 1, dfr A12, intl 1, intl 2, mrk D, ecp A, and iuc C. These genes were associated with resistance to multiple antibiotics, highlighting the complex resistance profiles of these isolates.
Antibiotic resistance in mastitis-causing bacteria: Exploring antibiotic-resistance genes, underlying mechanisms, and their implications for dairy animal and public health.
The study identifies several AMR genes and mutations in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci associated with mastitis, including blaZ, mecA, tetK, tetM, aphA3, aacA-aphD, aadD, ermA, msrA, mphC, lnuB, and vanA, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as β-lactams, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, macrolides, and glycopeptides.
Emerging threat of antimicrobial resistance determinants and plasmid replicon types acquisition by Escherichia coli of poultry and other food-producing animal origin in China: local findings with global implications.
The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Escherichia coli from poultry and other food-producing animals in China, highlighting the prevalence of beta-lactamases, tetracycline resistance genes, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, quinolone resistance genes, and sulfonamide resistance genes.
Emerging threat of antimicrobial resistance determinants and plasmid replicon types acquisition by Escherichia coli of poultry and other food-producing animal origin in China: local findings with global implications.
The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Escherichia coli from poultry and other food-producing animals in China, highlighting the prevalence of beta-lactamases, tetracycline resistance genes, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, quinolone resistance genes, and sulfonamide resistance genes.
Analysis of avian pathogenic Escherichia Coli (APEC) and its antimicrobial resistance risk characteristics and critical control points in laying hens.
The study identified several AMR genes in APEC isolates, including tet(A), floR, sul2, aph(3')-Ib, aph(6)-Id, bla TEM-1B, qnrS1, bla CTX-M-55, dfrA14, and mph(A), which contribute to resistance against tetracyclines, florfenicol, sulfonamides, aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, fluoroquinolones, and macrolides.
Genomic characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates from cancer patients: resistance profiles, virulence factors, and sequence typing.
The study identified several AMR genes in K. pneumoniae isolates from cancer patients, including genes conferring resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, tobramycin, levofloxacin, and carbapenems. Key resistance genes included sul1, sul2, dfrA1, dfrA12, dfrA14, dfrA27, aadA16, aadA2, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3'')-Ib, aph(6)-Id, aph(4)-Ia, ACC(3)-IId, ACC(3)-IIV, AAC(6')-Ib-cr, QnrS1, QnrB17, QnrB20, QnrB4, CTX-M, SHV, TEM, DHA-1, LAP-2, bla_kpc-1, bla_ndm-5, and bla_oxa-10.
Multidrug resistant hypervirulent ST307 clone from genomic surveillance of extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae species complex in East Africa.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes, including blaCTX-M-15, blaTEM-1D, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aadA16, strB, qnrS1, sul2, sul1, catII.2, tet(A), dfrA14, arr-3, and mphA, in ESBL-KpSC isolates from East Africa, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug resistance.
Characterization of Enterobacter cloacae complex clinical isolates: comparative genomics and the role of the efflux pump AcrAB-TolC over-expression and NDM-1 production.
The study characterizes carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex isolates, highlighting the roles of the AcrAB-TolC efflux pump over-expression and the bla NDM-1 carbapenemase in conferring resistance. Multiple resistance genes, including bla NDM-1, acrAB-tolC, and various beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, and sulfonamide resistance genes, were identified and validated.
Global geographic and genomic epidemiology analysis of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli carrying bla(NDM-9).
The study characterizes bla NDM-9 -carrying carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CREC) and identifies various antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) contributing to multidrug resistance. It highlights the role of mobile genetic elements in the dissemination of bla NDM-9 and emphasizes the importance of surveillance for these high-risk clones.
Genetic insights into antimicrobial resistance and virulence characteristics of Salmonella enterica isolated from Nile tilapia sourced from retail markets in Thailand.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in Salmonella enterica isolates from Nile tilapia, including beta-lactamases (bla TEM−1B, bla CTX−M−55, bla CTX−M−14, bla LAP−2), quinolone resistance genes (qnrS1, qnrS13), tetracycline resistance genes (tet(A), tet(B), tet(M)), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aadA2, aph(3’’)-Ib, aph(6)-Id, aac(6’)-Ia), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2, sul3), florfenicol resistance gene (floR), and efflux pump systems (mdsABC, mdtK).
Genetic insights into antimicrobial resistance and virulence characteristics of Salmonella enterica isolated from Nile tilapia sourced from retail markets in Thailand.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in Salmonella enterica isolates from Nile tilapia, including beta-lactamases (bla TEM−1B, bla CTX−M−55, bla CTX−M−14, bla LAP−2), quinolone resistance genes (qnrS1, qnrS13), tetracycline resistance genes (tet(A), tet(B), tet(M)), aminoglycoside resistance genes (aadA2, aph(3’’)-Ib, aph(6)-Id, aac(6’)-Ia), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2, sul3), florfenicol resistance gene (floR), and efflux pump systems (mdsABC, mdtK).
An integrated phenotypic and genomic approach to characterize MBL-producing Enterobacterales strains circulating in a Sicilian transplant center.
The study characterizes MBL-producing Enterobacterales strains, identifying NDM-1, NDM-5, and VIM-1 as the most prevalent metallo-beta-lactamases. It also identifies various aminoglycoside, quinolone, and sulfonamide resistance genes, highlighting the multidrug-resistant nature of these isolates.
Genomic characterization of two distinct Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in a fatal case of relapsed acute myelogenous leukemia: a case report.
The study identified two distinct Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, ST147 and ST967, with varying resistance profiles. ST147 isolates harbored multiple resistance genes including bla OXA−181, aadA, aadA5, bla CTX−M−15, bla OXA−1, bla SHV−11, bla TEM−1, sul1, qnrS1, and tet(A), while ST967 had a more limited resistome with aac(3)-IIa, bla SHV−27, and dfrA14.
Genomic evolution of enteric pathogens: mechanisms of pathogenicity and diagnostic innovations.
The study highlights the role of genomic evolution in enteric pathogens, focusing on the detection of the bla NDM-1 gene in Escherichia coli, which confers resistance to carbapenems.
Global epidemiological and genetic characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli carrying bla(IMP).
The study characterized nine bla IMP-4-positive carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CREC) strains, identifying bla IMP-4 and qnrS1 as key resistance genes. The strains were multidrug-resistant but susceptible to colistin, tigecycline, and amikacin. High-risk ST1193 and ST973 clones were identified, and IncN plasmids were found to facilitate the horizontal transfer of bla IMP-4.
Genomic Characterization and Resistance Mechanisms of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae ST101 Isolates from Saudi Arabia.
The study identifies bla_OXA-48 and bla_NDM-1 carbapenemase genes in CRKP ST101 isolates from Saudi Arabia, highlighting their role in carbapenem resistance and the complexity of resistance mechanisms in high-risk clones.
Genomic analysis of multidrug-resistant Salmonellaenterica Serovar Montevideo isolates in China.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in Chinese S. Montevideo isolates, including beta-lactamases (bla TEM−1B, bla OXA−1, bla LAP−2, bla CTX−M−55, bla CTX−M−65, bla DHA−1), quinolone resistance genes (qnrS2, qnrS1, qnrA1, qnrB6, qnrB4, qepA1), macrolide resistance genes (mphA, mphE, msrE, mphB), tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetD, tetB), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2, dfrA14, dfrA12, dfrA27, sul3), and chloramphenicol resistance genes (floR, catA2, catB3).
Genomic analysis of multidrug-resistant Salmonellaenterica Serovar Montevideo isolates in China.
The study identified multiple AMR genes in Chinese S. Montevideo isolates, including beta-lactamases (bla TEM−1B, bla OXA−1, bla LAP−2, bla CTX−M−55, bla CTX−M−65, bla DHA−1), quinolone resistance genes (qnrS2, qnrS1, qnrA1, qnrB6, qnrB4, qepA1), macrolide resistance genes (mphA, mphE, msrE, mphB), tetracycline resistance genes (tetA, tetD, tetB), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2, dfrA14, dfrA12, dfrA27, sul3), and chloramphenicol resistance genes (floR, catA2, catB3).
Antimicrobial resistance, virulence defects, and evolutionary dynamics of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae from human and animal hosts in Central China.
The study identifies multiple AMR genes and mutations in multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from human and animal hosts in Central China, highlighting the role of plasmid-borne resistance genes and genetic variations affecting virulence.
Precise species identification and whole-genome sequencing analysis of Enterobacter cloacae complex causing bloodstream infections in China.
The study identified various AMR genes in Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) isolates, including bla ACT, bla NDM, and mcr-10, which confer resistance to beta-lactams, carbapenems, and polymyxins, respectively. It also found that E. roggenkampii was the most common species among carbapenem-resistant isolates and showed high resistance to both carbapenems and colistin.
A Monitoring Method to Evaluate the Accumulation of Antimicrobial-Resistance Genes in Gram-Negative Bacteria Distributed in Environmental Water.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from environmental water samples, including bla NDM-5, bla CTX-M-27, bla DHA-1, and others, indicating the presence of carbapenem-resistant and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing bacteria in the Vietnamese VAC ecosystem.
A Monitoring Method to Evaluate the Accumulation of Antimicrobial-Resistance Genes in Gram-Negative Bacteria Distributed in Environmental Water.
The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from environmental water samples, including bla NDM-5, bla CTX-M-27, bla DHA-1, and others, indicating the presence of carbapenem-resistant and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing bacteria in the Vietnamese VAC ecosystem.
Prevalence and genetic basis of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli carriage in broiler farms in the United Arab Emirates.
The study identified bla TEM and bla CTX-M as the most common β-lactam resistance genes in ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from broiler farms in the UAE, with bla CTX-M-55 and bla CTX-M-15 being the prevalent variants. Additionally, the mcr-1.1 gene was detected in 10.3% of isolates, indicating colistin resistance.
Antibiotic contamination and antimicrobial resistance dynamics in the urban sewage microbiome in India.
The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in urban sewage samples from India, highlighting the presence of genes such as blaTEM, catB, aac(6')-Ib, sul1, ermB, dfrA1, mphA, sul2, blaOXA, blaCTX-M, and qnrS, which confer resistance to various antibiotic classes.
Slaughterhouse Wastewater as a Reservoir of Thermotolerant E. coli With Antimicrobial Resistance and Virulence Potential in Dhaka, Bangladesh.
The study identified several AMR genes in E. coli isolates from slaughterhouse wastewater, including blaTEM, blaCTX-M-15, blaIMP-1, blaIMP-4, blaOXA-48, dfrA17, tetA, sul2, and qnrS, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant strains.
Molecular resistance mechanisms to newly approved antibiotics (2017-2025) in WHO priority pathogens.
The paper reviews molecular resistance mechanisms to newly approved antibiotics in WHO priority pathogens, identifying various beta-lactamases, efflux pumps, and target site modifications that confer resistance.
Virulence profiles and antibiotic resistance patterns of Escherichia coli isolated from clinical samples and chicken meat: Implications for public health and food safety.
The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in E. coli isolates from clinical and chicken meat samples, including ermA, tetM, blaTEM, qnrS, and aadA1, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug resistance and the potential public health risks associated with contaminated food sources.
Molecular characterization of mcr-1.1-harboring multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from chicken in the United Arab Emirates: implications for one health surveillance.
The study identified mcr-1.1-harboring multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates from chicken in the UAE, highlighting the presence of various AMR genes and mutations contributing to resistance against multiple antibiotics, including colistin, beta-lactams, quinolones, and aminoglycosides.
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