The study identifies and characterizes the class 1 integron In34, which contains multiple antibiotic resistance genes including aadB, dfrA10, aphA1, catA1, blaTEM, and sul1. These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics such as gentamicin, kanamycin, tobramycin, trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, and sulfamethoxazole.

The study identifies the aadA21 gene, a novel variant of the aadA gene, and other resistance genes such as blaPSE-1, floR, sul1, and tetG in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains from the Czech Republic between 1984 and 2002.

The study characterizes the IncP-6 plasmid Rms149, identifying several AMR genes including aac(3)-I, aadA5, intI1, qacEΔ1, and sul1, which confer resistance to gentamicin, streptomycin, spectinomycin, quaternary ammonium compounds, and sulfonamide, respectively.

The study characterizes the multidrug resistance transposon Tn2610, identifying several resistance genes including ereB, pse-1, aadA2, and sul1, which confer resistance to erythromycin, ampicillin, streptomycin, and sulfonamide, respectively.

The study identified multiple multidrug-resistant commensal E. coli isolates in children from Peru and Bolivia, highlighting the prevalence of resistance genes such as blaTEM, tet(A), tet(B), dfrA8, sul1, sul2, and catI.

The study identifies the spread of Escherichia coli strains with high-level resistance to cefotaxime and ceftazidime, primarily due to the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) such as CTX-M-15, CTX-M-14, and CTX-M-32. Additionally, other resistance genes like tetA, dfrA14, dfrA17, sul1, sul2, aac(6')Ib, and aac(3)IIb were found to contribute to multidrug resistance.

The study identified various acquired antibiotic resistance genes in commensal E. coli isolates from a remote community with minimal antibiotic exposure, including blaTEM, catI, cmlA6, tet(A), tet(B), dfrA1, dfrA7, dfrA8, dfrA17, sul1, sul2, aphA1, aadA1, aadA2, aadA5, aadB, and sat-1. These genes were found to be similar to those seen in antibiotic-exposed settings, indicating the dissemination of resistant bacteria and resistance genes from such environments.

The study characterizes the pCTX-M3 plasmid, which carries the blaCTX-M-3 gene, a extended-spectrum beta-lactamase, along with other resistance genes such as blaTEM-1, aadA2, aacC2, armA, dfrA12, and sul1, contributing to resistance against beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, and sulfonamides.

The study characterizes the acquisition of resistance genes via different pathways in IncW plasmids, highlighting the role of integrons and transposons in the spread of antibiotic resistance.

The study identifies multiple beta-lactamases (blaOXA-58, blaOXA-20, blaOXA-66), an aminoglycoside acetyltransferase (aacA4), a sulfonamide resistance gene (sul1), and a quaternary ammonium compound efflux pump (qacEΔ1) in the multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strain ACICU. Additionally, a gyrA mutation (Ser->Leu at position 83) was found to confer fluoroquinolone resistance.

The study identified the prevalence of sulfonamide resistance genes sul1, sul2, and sul3 in bacterial isolates from manured agricultural soils and pig slurry in the UK, highlighting their distribution and potential environmental impact.

The study identified several AMR genes, including blaTEM1, tetA, tetB, tetC, sul1, and sul2, in Escherichia coli from cattle fecal deposits. These genes conferred resistance to ampicillin, tetracycline, and sulfonamides.

The study identified various AMR genes in commensal E. coli from pigs, including blaTEM, catA1, aph(3')-Ia, aadA, strA/strB, tet(A), tet(B), sul1, sul2, and sul3. These genes conferred resistance to antibiotics such as ampicillin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, neomycin, streptomycin, spectinomycin, tetracycline, and sulfamethoxazole. However, the presence of these resistance genes did not provide a significant colonization advantage or disadvantage in the pig intestine.

The study identified a high prevalence of multidrug-tolerant bacteria and various antimicrobial resistance genes in ornamental fish and their carriage water, highlighting the potential risk of resistance gene spread through the aquatic environment.

The study characterizes various AbaR genomic resistance islands in Acinetobacter baumannii strains of European clone I, identifying multiple AMR genes such as blaTEM-1, aacC1, aadA1, aacA4, dfrA1, catA1, sul1, and tetA, which confer resistance to beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines.

The study identified the presence of bla TEM and sul1 genes in Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium strains, which confer resistance to beta-lactam and sulfonamide antibiotics, respectively.

The study identified multiple AMR genes in a multidrug-resistant E. coli strain, including blaNDM-1, blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M-15, and others, along with chromosomal mutations in gyrA, parC, ompC, and ompF contributing to resistance.

The study identifies several AMR genes and mutations in the multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii strain MDR-ZJ06, including bla oxa-23, armA, and various efflux pumps, contributing to resistance against multiple antibiotics.

The study identifies the emergence of a globally dominant IncHI1 plasmid type (PST6) associated with multiple drug-resistant typhoid. Key resistance genes include blaTEM-1, cat, dfrA7, sul1, sul2, strAB, tetA, tetD, and betU, which contribute to resistance against ampicillin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, streptomycin, tetracycline, and high salt environments.

The study identified multiple AMR genes in multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates from animals, including bla TEM, bla CTX-M-2, bla CMY-2, strA-strB, aadA, aphA1, aadB, cat, floR, sul1, sul2, tet(A), and tet(B). These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics such as beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines.

The study identified various AMR genes in Salmonella enterica isolates from poultry meat in Tunisia, including blaTEM, aadA1, aadA2, dfrA1, sul1, sul2, sul3, strA-strB, cmlA, and tet(A). These genes contribute to resistance against multiple antibiotics such as ampicillin, sulfonamides, streptomycin, trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline.

This paper characterizes several beta-lactamases, including TEM-1, SHV-1, CTX-M-15, and NDM-1, which confer resistance to various beta-lactam antibiotics. It also identifies erm(B) and mef(A) as mechanisms of macrolide, lincosamide, and streptogramin B resistance. Additionally, aadA1 and aac(6')-Ib are noted for aminoglycoside resistance, while catA1 and floR contribute to chloramphenicol resistance. The vanA gene is associated with glycopeptide resistance, and mcr-1 is linked to polymyxin resistance.

The paper discusses the multidrug-resistant nature of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, highlighting its resistance to various antibiotics including β-lactams, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, and polymyxins. It emphasizes the challenges in treating infections caused by this pathogen due to its intrinsic resistance mechanisms and the need for alternative therapeutic approaches.

The study shows that deletion of TnAbaR23 in Acinetobacter baumannii leads to increased susceptibility to sulfamethoxazole and gentamicin, highlighting the role of this transposon in multidrug resistance.

The study characterizes the resistance genes dfr16, sul1, and tetA in the pRAS1 plasmid of Aeromonas hydrophila, showing their role in resistance to trimethoprim, sulfonamide, and tetracycline, respectively.

The study identified the presence of sulfonamide resistance genes sul1 and sul2 in wastewater and lake samples, indicating the spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria after wastewater treatment.

The study presents ResFinder, a web-based tool for identifying acquired antimicrobial resistance genes in whole-genome data. It successfully identifies resistance genes with high accuracy and agrees with phenotypic testing. The tool detects various resistance genes across different bacterial species, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside modifying enzymes, tetracycline resistance genes, and others.

The study identified various plasmid-borne antimicrobial resistance genes in multi-drug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from a newly opened hospital in Iraq, including aminoglycoside, beta-lactam, sulfamethoxazole/trime-thoprim, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol resistance genes.

The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes in soil bacteria that are identical to those found in human pathogens, highlighting the exchange of resistance genes between environmental and clinical microbes.

The study identifies multiple AMR genes in the multidrug-resistant plasmid pR148 from Aeromonas hydrophila, including blaOXA-10, aadA1, sul1, catA2, and tetA, which confer resistance to beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, chloramphenicol, and tetracyclines, respectively.

The study identified multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli strains in urban rats, including an ESBL-producing strain (IMT20717) carrying bla CTX-M-9, bla TEM-1-like, sul2, strA, strB, aac(6′)-Ib-cr, and aadA. These strains exhibited resistance to multiple antimicrobial classes, including beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in plasmids from multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serotype Heidelberg isolates, including bla CMY, aadA, aadB, aphA, strA, strB, sul1, sul2, tetA, floR, cmlA, dfrA1, dfrA12, and aacC.

The study identifies the sulfonamide resistance gene sul1 in multi-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa wastewater isolates, demonstrating its upregulation in response to sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics and wastewater.

The study identifies multiple AMR genes and mutations in the EDR A. baumannii 53264 strain, including aac(6')-Iaf, aac(3)-Ia, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3')-Ic, strA/aph(3'')-Ib, blaOXA-23, blaTEM-1, sul1, sul3, and tet(B). Additionally, mutations in ampC, gyrB, parC, and qseC contribute to resistance against various antibiotics.

The study identifies blaCTX-M-14 and blaTEM-153 as extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in commensal Enterobacteriaceae in Portugal, along with sul1, sul2, and sul3 as sulfonamide resistance genes. These genes are part of mobile genetic elements such as integrons and plasmids, highlighting the role of commensal flora as a reservoir of clinically relevant antibiotic resistance genes.

The study identified bla CTX-M-15 and bla SHV-12 as the predominant ESBL genes in multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates in Antananarivo, along with other resistance genes such as aac(6')-Ib, tetA, sul1, sul2, qnrA, qnrB, and catB-3.

The study identified sul1, sul2, and sul3 genes as the main sulfonamide resistance genes in the bacterial community of the aquatic environment in Metro-Manila, Philippines. Sul1 and sul2 were predominant in culturable bacteria, while sul3 was more prevalent in non-culturable marine bacteria.

The study identified the emergence of Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis isolates carrying blaTEM-52, blaTEM-20, blaCTX-M-25, and blaCMY-2 genes, which confer resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins and other beta-lactams. Additionally, non-beta-lactam resistance genes such as aadA1, sul1, tet(A), and aphA1-Iab were prevalent.

The study identifies multiple AMR genes and resistance islands in three multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, highlighting the role of genomic plasticity in the dissemination of resistance mechanisms.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in soil and on vegetables, including genes conferring resistance to tetracycline, aminoglycosides, erythromycin, sulfamethoxazole, and beta-lactams. The presence of these genes was influenced by manure fertilization, with certain genes more frequently detected in manured soils.

The study developed a DNA microarray for genotyping antibiotic resistance determinants in Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates, identifying numerous resistance genes and mutations associated with carbapenem, aminoglycoside, fluoroquinolone, and other antibiotic resistances.

The study identified several AMR genes, including aadA, sul1, sul2, tetA, blaTEM-1, and qacEAI, associated with resistance to streptomycin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, tetracycline, ampicillin, and quaternary ammonium compounds, respectively. A mutation in the gyrA gene (Ser83Phe) was linked to resistance to nalidixic acid and enrofloxacin.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from military treatment facilities, including bla OXA-51-like, bla OXA-23, bla GES-11, aac(6')-Ib, aacC1, aadB, aphA6, and others, highlighting the complex resistome of these isolates.

Four Salmonella enterica strains isolated from ready-to-eat salad vegetables exhibited resistance to sulfonamides, with sul1 and sul2 genes identified as the primary resistance mechanisms. The 55.0 kb plasmid of strain RTE-1 was found to encode these genes without involvement of integrons.

The study identifies various AMR genes in Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium monophasic variant 4,[5],12:i:- strains, including aac(3)-IV, bla TEM-1, cmlA1, aadA1, aadA2, strA, sul1, sul2, sul3, tet(A), tet(B), and dfrA12, which confer resistance to multiple antibiotics.

The study reports a high prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella Typhi isolates during a prolonged typhoid fever outbreak in Uganda, with 83% of 18 isolates being MDR. It also notes an increase in antimicrobial resistance compared to 2009 isolates.

The study identified the persistence of sulphonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2) and trimethoprim resistance gene (dfrA1) in sediments at Baltic Sea aquaculture farms, while these genes were not detected in the surrounding environment.

The study identified several AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella enterica serotype Heidelberg isolates, including bla, aac(6')-Ib, tet(M), qnrS1, and erm(B). Mutations in genes such as SEEHRA37_03221, SEEHRA37_24108, and others were associated with resistance traits.

The study evaluated the Curetis Unyvero assay for rapid detection of bacteria and antibiotic resistance markers in patients with severe nosocomial pneumonia. It identified several AMR genes, including ermB, bla OXA-51-like, sul1, int1, mecA, and bla CTX-M, which conferred resistance to various antibiotics.

The study identified the presence of class 1 integrons in clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae, particularly associated with resistance to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. The sul1 gene within these integrons was linked to sulfonamide resistance.

The study identifies multiple antibiotic resistance genes in the NDM-1-encoding Klebsiella pneumoniae strain, including eight beta-lactamase genes and various other resistance determinants, highlighting the complexity of its resistance profile.

The study identified the sul1 gene duplication as a mechanism for sulfamethoxazole resistance in the spaceflight mutant strain LCT-KP289. Additionally, the ampC, emrE, and ant genes were found to contribute to drug resistance in both strains.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in E. coli isolates from diarrheic calves in Iran, including aadA1, sul1, aac[3]-IV, dfrA1, tetA, and tetB, which confer resistance to streptomycin, sulfonamide, gentamicin, trimethoprim, and tetracycline.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes including sul1, tet(A), strA, aadA, cat, tet(G), and sul2 in the microbiota of ornamental fish carriage water. These genes were found to be prevalent and associated with various bacterial families.

The study identifies multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolates from Zambia, including strA, strB, blaTEM-1, sul1, sul2, dfrA7, and catA1. Mutations in the gyrA gene were also associated with fluoroquinolone resistance.

The study identified several AMR genes in E. coli and Salmonella, including beta-lactamase genes (blaCMY, blaCTX-M), sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2, sul3), and dihydrofolate reductase genes (dfrA1, dfrA5, dfrA7, dfrA12). These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, ceftiofur, ceftriaxone, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.

The study identified the presence of sul1, sul2, and sul3 genes in sulfonamide-resistant bacteria from manured soils in Jiangsu Province, China, highlighting their role in sulfonamide resistance and the potential risk to public health.

The study identifies the presence of class 1 integrons and bla CTX-M-15 genes in commensal E. coli isolates from healthy individuals in Chandigarh, India. It also detects several gene cassettes conferring resistance to trimethoprim, streptomycin, spectinomycin, streptothricin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and sulfonamides.

The study identified various AMR genes, including bla TEM, dfr, strB, tet(A), and tet(B), in Gram-negative fecal bacteria from volunteers treated with amoxicillin, minocycline, or placebo. The prevalence of these genes increased significantly in the amoxicillin-treated group.

The paper discusses multidrug efflux pumps from various bacterial food pathogens including Enterobacteriaceae, Vibrio cholerae, and Staphylococcus aureus, highlighting their role in multidrug resistance.

The study identified IncP-1ε plasmids carrying genes such as tet(A), sul1, qacEΔ1, intI1, and aadA1, which confer resistance to tetracycline, sulfadiazine, quaternary ammonium compounds, and streptomycin.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Choleraesuis strains, including blaTEM, strA, strB, aadA1, aadA2, aphA1, aacC2, tetB, sul1, sul2, dhfrXII, and dhfrXIII. Additionally, mutations in the QRDRs of gyrA and parC were associated with quinolone resistance.

The study reports the identification of blaNDM-5 along with multiple other antibiotic resistance genes in a multidrug-resistant E. coli isolate, highlighting the complex resistance profile of the strain.

The study identified bla CTX-M-15, aac (3)-IIa, aadA1, aadA2, aadA5, qnrB4, qnrS1, aac (6')-Ib-cr, bla OXA-1, bla TEM-1B, bla SHV-12, bla CMY-42, bla DHA-1, mphA, ermB, catA1, catB3, sul1, sul2, dfrA12, dfrA17, dfrA1, dfrA5, tetA, tetB, and tetD as key AMR genes in ESBL-producing E. coli isolates in Nepal, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug resistance.

The study identified blaCTX-M-1, qnrB1, tetA, tetB, sul1, sul2, and sul3 genes in avian ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from Tunisia, highlighting their role in resistance to beta-lactams, quinolones, and sulfonamides.

The study evaluated the performance of a point-of-care multiplex PCR system for detecting pathogens and antibiotic resistance markers in hospital-acquired pneumonia. The system showed significantly shorter turnaround times compared to conventional microbiological diagnostics, although its performance was limited by frequent test failures and non-concordant results.

The study characterizes various antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) in Aeromonas strains, highlighting the presence of beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, tetracycline resistance genes, and others. These genes are often located on plasmids and contribute to multidrug resistance.

The study identifies antibiotic resistance genes in hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, highlighting the presence of SHV beta-lactamase and additional resistance genes in one isolate, CAS813, which exhibits resistance to multiple antibiotics.

The study identified several AMR genes in Bordetella bronchiseptica isolates, including blaBOR-1, blaOXA, strA, strB, sul1, sul2, dfrA7, and tet(A). These genes confer resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, streptomycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, and tetracycline.

The study found that housefly larva vermicomposting significantly reduces the abundance of tetracycline resistance genes (tet(M), tet(O), tet(Q), tet(W)) and increases the abundance of sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2) in swine manure. It also observed changes in the bacterial community structure, with a significant decrease in the diversity and richness of bacteria.

The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes in multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas isolates from water distribution systems in southwestern Nigeria, including tet(A), sul1, blaTEM, aph(3")c, and ant(3")b.

The study identified antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in bacteriophage and bacterial fractions of agricultural soil, demonstrating that soilborne bacteriophage represents a reservoir of antibiotic resistance and that bacteriophage could play a significant role in the horizontal transfer of resistance genes in agricultural soil microbiomes.

The study analyzed non-pseudomonal bacterial species from pediatric cystic fibrosis patients, identifying several AMR genes and mutations. Key findings include the presence of beta-lactamase genes (blaZ, blaI, blaRI) in Staphylococcus aureus, fosfomycin resistance gene fosB, fusidic acid resistance gene fusC, and efflux pumps smeZ, smeJ, and smeK in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Additionally, Enterobacter cloacae isolates carried resistance genes qacE delta 1, sul1, and dfrA5.

The study reports the draft genome sequence of MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain VRFPA09, identifying several AMR genes including blaVeb-1, blaOXA-10, aadA1, aph(3')Iib, Sul1, CatB7, TetG, dfrB5, and fosA, which contribute to resistance against various antibiotics.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in Weissella species, including fosB, mdt-fosB, mrp, vanZ, sul, tet, and drrC, which confer resistance to fosfomycin, methicillin, teicoplanin, sulfonamide, tetracycline, and daunorubicin respectively.

The study identifies several AMR genes in the A320 strain of Acinetobacter baumannii, including blaTEM, aacC1, aadA1, sul1, catA1, and aphA1b, which confer resistance to various antibiotics.

The study identifies the emergence of a multidrug-resistant ESBL-producing Salmonella Infantis clone transmitting from broilers and broiler meat to humans in Italy, harboring the bla CTX-M-1 and bla CTX-M-65 genes, along with resistance genes tet(A), sul1, dfrA1, and dfrA14.

The study characterizes the multidrug-resistant plasmid pEC302/04 from an extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli strain, identifying several AMR genes including blaTEM-1, aadA1, aadB, cmlA, and sul1, which confer resistance to various antibiotics.

The draft genome sequence of Proteus mirabilis NO-051/03 reveals the presence of multiple acquired resistance genes, including blaCMY-16 and blaTEM-1b, which confer resistance to β-lactams, as well as genes for resistance to aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, tetracyclines, trimethoprim, and sulfonamides. Additionally, mutations in gyrA, gyrB, and parC contribute to fluoroquinolone resistance.

The study identified the presence of virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes in Salmonella isolates from commercial chickens and human clinical samples in South Africa and Brazil. Key resistance genes included pse-1 (ampicillin), ant (3")-la (gentamicin), tet A and tet B (tetracycline), and sul 1 and sul 2 (sulfamethoxazole).

The study presents SSTAR, a software tool for identifying antimicrobial resistance (AR) genes from whole-genome sequencing data. It detects known AR genes and potential new variants, including truncated forms. The tool was applied to analyze resistance genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae ST437 and Escherichia coli ST44, revealing various beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside resistance genes, and porin mutations contributing to resistance.

The study identified 65 unique resistance genes in nontyphoidal Salmonella, including bla CTX-M1 and bla SHV2a, which were first reported in retail meat isolates in the United States. The research highlights the effectiveness of whole-genome sequencing in detecting antimicrobial resistance genes and correlating them with phenotypic resistance.

The study identifies NDM-5-producing Escherichia coli ST167 in a neonatal patient in China, highlighting the spread of carbapenem resistance through the bla NDM-5 gene and other resistance mechanisms.

The study identifies mobile antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in bacterial genomes and explores their transfer networks between animal and human microbiomes, highlighting the role of phylogeny and ecology in shaping the mobile resistome.

The study identifies antibiotic resistance genes and genomic islands in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, highlighting the role of horizontal gene transfer in the acquisition of multidrug resistance and fitness-related genes.

The study identifies the bla NDM-1 gene as a major cause of carbapenem resistance in Vibrio fluvialis isolates from Kolkata, India. Several additional resistance genes, including aadA1, aadB, aac(6')-Ib-cr, sul1, sul3, floR, bla OXA-1, bla OXA-7, bla OXA-9, bla TEM-9, bla CTX-M-3, strA, and tetB, were also characterized.

The study identified multiple S. Typhi genotypes in Nigeria, with a focus on antimicrobial resistance genes and plasmids. Key resistance genes included blaTEM-1, catA1, tetB, dfrA15, sul1, sul2, strAB, aad, and qnrS, primarily associated with the IncHI1 plasmid. Quinolone resistance was linked to gyrA mutations S83Y and S83F.

The study identified several AMR genes in Gram-negative bacteria from fresh produce, including mcr-1, qnrA1, blaGES-11, mphA, and oqxAB, highlighting the presence of mobile genetic elements and clinically relevant resistance genes.

The study identifies the blaIMP-4 gene in Salmonella enterica Typhimurium from cats, which confers resistance to carbapenems. The gene is part of a multidrug-resistant IncHI2 plasmid carrying various resistance genes.

The study identifies and characterizes the mobility potential of sul1 and tetM antibiotic resistance genes in environmental samples using a novel method involving Inverse PCR and long read sequencing.

The study identified several AMR genes in environmental isolates of Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 in Haiti, including strA, strB, sul1, sul2, ermA, ermB, and mefA, which confer resistance to streptomycin, sulfonamide, and erythromycin.

The study identified multiple AMR genes, including blaCTX-M-15, blaOXA-1, aac(6')-Ib-cr, tet(A), mphA, strA, strB, aadA5, sul1, sul2, dfrA12, dfrA17, catA1, and catB3, in ESBL-producing E. coli ST131 isolates from Nepal and Japan. These genes conferred resistance to various antibiotics, including β-lactams, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, macrolides, sulfonamides, and chloramphenicol.

The study developed LAMP assays for the detection of sul1 and sul2 genes in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, which are responsible for sulfamethoxazole resistance. The LAMP assays showed high sensitivity and specificity, and the study found that sul1 and sul2 were prevalent in sulfamethoxazole-resistant strains.

The study identified blaTEM, blaSHV, and Sul1 as the primary resistance mechanisms in amoxicillin-clavulanate-resistant bacteria isolated from retail sausages in Malaysia.

The study identifies multiple carbapenemase genes (bla KPC-2, bla KPC-3, bla KPC-4, and bla NDM-1) and other resistance genes (such as qnrB19, qnrB2, qnrS1, bla TEM-1A, bla TEM-1B, bla OXA-9, bla SHV-12, aadA2, aac(6')-Ib, aac(6')-Ib-cr, aph(3')-Ia, aph(3')-Ic, strA, strB, sul1, sul2, dfrA14, dfrA18, mph(A), catB3, arr-3, and tet(D)) in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter spp. These genes are primarily located on plasmids and contribute to multidrug resistance.

The study identified several antimicrobial resistance genes in commensal E. coli isolates from cattle and their attendants in Tanzania, including blaTEM-1B, sul1, sul2, and tet(A). These genes conferred resistance to beta-lactams, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and tetracycline, respectively.

The study identified numerous antimicrobial resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolates from river water, highlighting the presence of multidrug-resistant and extraintestinal pathogenic strains. Key resistance genes included blaTEM-1, aac(3)-IId, qnrB7, and others.

The study identifies the blaSPM-1 gene as a key factor in carbapenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa ST277 isolates, along with other resistance genes in genomic islands.

The study reports the draft genome sequences of two pandrug-resistant Serratia marcescens clinical isolates carrying multiple antibiotic resistance genes, including blaNDM-1, blaSHV-12, blaTEM-1B, blaCMY-6, sul1, sul2, rmtC, aacA4, aac(6')Ib-c, strA, strB, dfrA18, qnrA1, catA2, aac(6')-Ic, tet(41), and ampC.

The study characterizes various AMR genes and mutations in K. pneumoniae panel strains, including beta-lactamases (bla SHV-11, bla TEM-1, bla CTX-M15, bla OXA-1, bla SHV-12, bla SHV-187, bla SHV-158, bla DHA-1, bla CMY-2), aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (aac(6')-Ib, strA, strB, aadA1, aadA2), quinolone resistance genes (qnrB66, qnrB4, oqxA, oqxB), tetracycline resistance (tet(A)), trimethoprim resistance (dfrA14), sulfonamide resistance (sul1, sul2), and porin genes (OmpK35, OmpK36).

The study identified multiple AMR genes in E. coli isolates from marine bivalves, including bla TEM-1, bla CTX-M-14, bla CTX-M-15, and various aminoglycoside, trimethoprim, sulfonamide, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, quinolone, and macrolide resistance genes. These findings highlight the potential risk of MDR Enterobacteriaceae in marine environments.

The study identifies a novel multi-replicon plasmid pHS091147 carrying multiple resistance genes, including blaKPC-2, blaCTX-M-14, blaTEM-1, dfrA25, and sul1, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as carbapenems, cephalosporins, and trimethoprim.

The study identified various AMR genes in Salmonella enterica serovars isolated from chicken farms in Egypt, including blaTEM, aadA2, floR, cat1, sul1, sul3, tetC, tetA, and intI, which confer resistance to ampicillin, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline, and multiple antibiotics.

The study identifies carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter indicus-like isolates from cattle carrying the blaOXA-23 gene, along with various other AMR genes such as aac(3)-IIa, strA/B, aph(3')-Ic, sul2, floR, tet(A), tet(Y), aadA1, aadB, sul1, and tet(X).

The study identifies a novel sequence type of Escherichia coli (ST-458) responsible for pyelonephritis and bloodstream infection, carrying multiple antibiotic resistance genes and mutations associated with resistance to fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, and beta-lactams.

The study identifies several AMR genes in ST95 E. coli strains, including blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M14, aadA1, aadA2, aadA5, aac3, strA, strB, tetA, tetB, tetD, sul1, sul2, dfrA5, dfrA12, dfrA17, mphA, and catA1, which confer resistance to various antibiotics such as ampicillin, cephalothin, streptomycin, tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, azithromycin, and chloramphenicol.

The study reports the first identification of Salmonella genomic island 1 (SGI1) in a multidrug-resistant clinical isolate of Morganella morganii subsp. morganii, carrying resistance genes dfrA15, floR, tetA(G), blaCARB-2, and sul1, conferring resistance to trimethoprim, chloramphenicol, tetracycline, ticarcillin, and sulfonamides, respectively.

The study identified various AMR genes including dfrA1, dfrA7, dfrA12, aadA1, aadA2, sul1, tetA, aacC1, TEM, SHV, CTX-M, OXA, NDM-1, IMP, VIM, ACT, DHA, and CMY in E. coli isolates from children in Delhi, India. These genes were associated with resistance to multiple antibiotics such as trimethoprim, streptomycin, sulfonamides, tetracycline, gentamicin, and various beta-lactams.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in the multidrug-resistant, heat-resistant E. coli strain FAM21845, including beta-lactamase blaTEM-1, aminoglycoside resistance genes strA, strB, aadA1, aph(3')-Ic, aph(4)-Ia, aac(3)-IVa, sulfonamide resistance gene sul1, trimethoprim resistance gene dfrA1, tetracycline resistance gene tet(B), disinfectant resistance gene qacEΔ1, and biofilm-related genes mrkABCDF. Additionally, the strain carried genes for resistance to arsenic, silver, and copper.

The study identified 46 AMR genes or gene families in 90 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from Kenya, highlighting the prevalence of multidrug resistance and the diversity of resistance mechanisms.

The study identified multiple AMR genes and mutations in multidrug-resistant E. coli isolates from North Carolina community hospitals, including bla CTX-M-15, bla CTX-M-14, aac(6′)-Ib-cr, qnrS1, and mutations in gyrA, parC, and parE that confer resistance to various antibiotics.

The study characterizes a blaNDM-1-harboring plasmid from a Salmonella enterica clinical isolate in China, identifying multiple resistance genes including blaNDM-1, blaCMY-6, dfrA12, aadA2, rmtC, qacEΔ1, sul1, and bleMBL.

The study characterized a large antibiotic resistance plasmid, pB171_90, from EPEC strain B171, identifying several AMR genes including aadA1, sul1, tetA, tetR, qacE Δ 1, csi, hha, and traI.

The study identified various antibiotic resistance genes, including bla CTX-M-15, aac(6')-Ib, bla OXA-1, bla TEM-1, dfrA, mphA, sul1, and tetA, in E. coli isolates, highlighting the multidrug-resistant nature of ST131 and the presence of distinct plasmid profiles contributing to resistance.

The study characterizes two novel IncFII-type multidrug-resistant plasmids, p0716-KPC and p12181-KPC, from Klebsiella pneumoniae. These plasmids carry multiple resistance genes, including blaKPC-2, mph(A), strAB, aacC2, qacEΔ1, sul1, sul2, dfrA25, aphA1a, and blaTEM-1, contributing to resistance against various antibiotics.

The study identified several AMR genes in E. coli isolates from raw meat, including blaCMY, tet(A), and sul1, which confer resistance to beta-lactams, tetracyclines, and sulfonamides, respectively.

The study identified several antibiotic resistance genes in E. coli isolates from diarrheic buffalo calves in Egypt, including aadB, blaTEM, and Sul1, which confer resistance to aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, and sulfonamides, respectively.

The study identified multiple antibiotic resistance genes, including sul1, sul2, floR, aadA1, aac(6')-Ib, blaTEM, blaCTX-M, blaPSE, blaNDM-1, qacEΔ1, pcoA/copA, chrB, and pcoR, in bacterial isolates from seafood. These genes conferred resistance to sulfonamides, phenicols, aminoglycosides, beta-lactams, and heavy metals.

The study identified various AMR genes and mutations in Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A isolates from Cambodia, including beta-lactamase (blaTEM-1B), chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (catA1), sulfonamide resistance proteins (sul1, sul2), dihydrofolate reductase (dfrA7), tetracycline resistance protein (tet(B)), and streptomycin resistance protein (strAB). Additionally, mutations in the gyrA and gyrB genes were associated with decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility.

The study demonstrates the feasibility of rapid nanopore sequencing for detecting plasmid-borne antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in clinical isolates. It identifies several AMR genes, including beta-lactamases, aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes, sulfonamide resistance genes, tetracycline resistance genes, macrolide resistance genes, and phenicol resistance genes, in both Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates.

The study identifies several AMR genes in an extensively drug-resistant E. coli ST1642 isolate, including blaKPC-2, blaSHV-11, blaTEM-1, aadA5, strA, strB, aac(3)-IId, mph(A), sul1, sul2, tet(B), dfrA17, and qnrS1, which contribute to resistance against multiple antibiotics.

The study identifies a VIM-1 carbapenemase-producing E. coli isolate from retail seafood in Germany, highlighting the presence of multiple resistance genes including blaVIM-1, aacA4, aadA1, aph(3')-XV, catB2, qnrS1, blaSHV-12, blaACC-1, strA-like, strB-like, dfrA14-like, mph(A), sul1, and sul2.

The study identified the presence of tetX, blaCTX-M, sul1, and sul2 genes in the endophytic system of pakchoi under antibiotic exposure, indicating the development of antibiotic resistance in response to tetracycline, cephalexin, and sulfamethoxazole.

The study identified multiple antimicrobial resistance genes in 11 multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, including ESBL genes (blaCTX-M-15, blaSHV-12, blaTEM-1B), fluoroquinolone resistance genes (oqxAB, qnrB), and others such as catA, catB, tet, sul, dfr, and fosA. These genes contribute to resistance against various antibiotics, highlighting the complex resistance profile of these isolates.

The study identified various AMR genes and mutations in E. coli isolates from children with cystic fibrosis, cancer, and healthy controls, highlighting differences in resistance profiles between groups.